AMERICAN NATIONAL SCHOOL General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level PHYSICS 5054/02 Paper 2 Theory December 2009 Class Senior 2 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. Section B Answer any two questions. Write your answers on the lined pages provided and, if necessary, continue on the separate answer paper provided. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. For Examiner s Use Section A Q9 Q10 Q11 Total This document consists of 14 printed pages.
2 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a ray of white light from a ray-box passing into a glass prism. A spectrum is formed between P and Q on the screen. white light P Q glass prism ray box Fig. 1.1 (a) State the colour of the light at end P of the spectrum. screen. [1] (b) State whether the value of each of these properties for blue light is greater than, equal to or less than the value for red light. (i) speed in a vacuum... [1] (ii) wavelength... [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows the ray passing through a red filter before it reaches the prism. red light P ray box glass prism red filter Fig. 1.2 Q screen Complete Fig. 6.2 to show the ray of red light passing through and emerging from the prism. [2]
2 Fig. 2.1 shows the cone of a loudspeaker. 3 Fig. 2.1 (a) Sound is being produced. Describe in detail the behaviour of the cone and the air near to it.. [2] (b) The lowest frequency that a human can hear is 20 Hz. (i) State the highest frequency that a human with normal hearing can hear.... [1] (ii) Calculate the longest wavelength of sound that a human can hear. The speed of sound in air is 340 m / s. wavelength =... [2]
. [3] 3 (a) 4 Fig.3.1 shows a ray of light incident on a mirror at X. The incident ray makes an angle of 50 with the surface of the mirror. air 50 mirror X Fig.3.1 (i) Complete Fig.3.1 to show the normal and the reflected ray at X. [1] (ii) State the values of 1. the angle of incidence,... [1] 2. the angle of reflection.... [1] (b) Describe with the help of a diagram how you would find the position of the image produced by a plane mirror.
4 A student produces wavefronts in a ripple tank to demonstrate refraction, as shown in Fig.4.1. He places a sheet of glass under the water on the right-hand side of the tank. The arrows show the directions of movement of the wavefronts. 5 wavefront moving to the right glass sheet under the surface of the water edge of the ripple tank Fig.4.1 (a) State what is meant by a wavefront.. [1] (b) State what happens to each of the following quantities as the wavefronts change direction. (i) wavelength...... [1] (ii) speed...... [1] (iii) frequency...... [1]
5 X-rays, microwaves, ultra-violet rays and infra-red rays are different types of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. 6 (a) Write the name of one of these types of radiation in each of the boxes, placing them in order of increasing wavelength. shortest wavelength longest wavelength [2] (b) State one use of ultra-violet radiation.. [1] (c) State two properties that are common to all types of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. 1.... 2..... [2]
6 Fig.6.1 shows an air bubble in water. The rays of light are incident on the air bubble. 7 ray 1 ray 2 ray 3 water air bubble Fig.6.1 The angle of incidence of ray 1 on the air bubble is greater than the critical angle. The angle of incidence of ray 2 on the air bubble is less than the critical angle. Ray 3 is perpendicular to the surface of the bubble. The angle of incidence of ray 2 on the air bubble is 27 and the angle of refraction of ray 2 inside the air bubble is 37. (a) On Fig. 4.1, at the point where ray 1 meets the air bubble, mark (i) the normal to the surface, (ii) the angle of incidence. [2] (b) Complete Fig.6.1 to show how all three rays continue after they meet the air bubble. [3] (c) (i) Define what is meant by the refractive index of water. (ii) Calculate the refractive index of water. refractive index = [4]
7 Fig.7.1 shows part of a long, thin spring used to demonstrate a transverse wave. 8 hand Fig.7.1 The wave shown in Fig.7.1 has a frequency of 4.0 Hz. (a) (i) On Fig.7.1, mark the direction the hand must move to make a transverse wave. (ii) Describe how the hand must move to make a transverse wave of frequency 4.0 Hz. [2] (b) The speed of the wave is 0.80 m/s. Calculate its wavelength. State clearly the formula that you use. wavelength =.. [3] (c) State what must be done to double the wavelength of the wave on the spring....[1]
8 An experiment to show charging by induction uses a metal sphere mounted on an insulated support. The sphere is initially uncharged and is shown in Fig.8.1. 9 metal sphere insulated support Fig.8.1 (a) A negatively charged rod is brought near the sphere, as shown in Fig.8.2. negatively charged rod Fig.8.2 (i) State and explain the movement of electrons in the sphere that occurs as the rod is brought near. (ii) On Fig.8.2, draw the charges on the metal sphere. [2]
10 (b) The metal sphere is now touched at point A by a wire connected to earth, as shown in Fig.8.3. negatively charged A wire rod connected to earth (c) Fig.8.3 On Fig.8.3, draw the charges on the metal sphere. [1] The wire connected to earth is removed. Then the negatively charged rod is also removed, as shown in Fig.8.4. Fig.8.4 On Fig.8.4, draw the charges on the metal sphere. [1] (d) The support is made from an insulator. State one material that may be used to make the support....[1]
11 Section B Answer two questions from this section. Use the lined pages provided and, if necessary, continue on the separate sheets available from the Supervisor. 9 Fig. 9.1 shows one swimmer in a race starting before the signal. loudspeakers 1 3 4 Fig. 9.1 The swimmer is called back by a loud, low-pitched sound from a loudspeaker positioned just at water level. The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s. (a) (i) Describe how the loudspeaker causes sound to travel through the air. [3] (ii) Explain, in terms of wave properties, what is meant by loud and low-pitched. [3] (iii) (iv) The swimmer is 0.57 m from the loudspeaker when he hears the sound. Calculate the time taken for the sound to reach him through the air. [2] Explain how the time taken differs when sound travels the same distance through air and through water. [2] (b) The loudspeaker produces sound of frequency 0.20 khz. (i) Calculate the wavelength of this sound. [3] (ii) Draw a diagram to show what is meant by the term wavelength when applied to a longitudinal wave such as sound. [2]
10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows a ray of light passing through the edge of a converging lens. 12 normal 40 o 25 o converging lens Fig. 10.1 (i) (ii) Describe what happens to the direction of the ray of light as it enters and leaves the lens. [2] State what happens to the speed, frequency and wavelength of the light as it enters the lens. [3] (iii) Calculate the refractive index of the glass used in the lens. [3] (b) The focal length of the lens is 20 cm. An object is placed 50 cm from the lens and an image is formed on a screen. (i) Explain what is meant by the focal length of a lens. You may draw a diagram if you wish. [2] (ii) Draw a ray diagram to scale to show the formation of the image. [3] (iii) The image is real. State two other properties of the image. [2]
11 A student measures the speed of sound in a laboratory, as shown in Fig. 11.1. 13 d loud sound microphone 1 microphone 2 to computer or cathode-ray oscilloscope Fig. 11.1 The sound is received by two microphones placed a distance d apart. The time interval t between the sound arriving at the two microphones is recorded. (a) (i) Explain how sound travels through the air to the microphones. (b) (ii) Explain why microphone 2 detects a quieter sound than microphone 1. Fig. 11.2 shows average values for t as d is varied. [5] d / m 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 t / s 0.0032 0.0060 0.0092 0.0121 Fig. 11.2 (i) Draw a distance-time graph from the results given in Fig. 11.2. (ii) Using your graph, calculate the speed of sound in air. [4] (c) Fig. 11.3 shows the trace observed when the signals from the microphones are fed to the two inputs of a cathode-ray oscilloscope. trace from microphone 1 trace from microphone 2 Fig. 11.3 1cm Question 11 continues on the next page.
The time-base setting on the cathode-ray oscilloscope is 1.0 ms/ cm. 14 (i) Determine the time interval t from the trace in Fig. 11.3. (ii) Using your answer to (b)(ii), determine the distance d between the microphones. [2] (d) (e) Give two reasons why it is difficult to measure the speed of sound inside a building using only a stopwatch and a metre rule. [2] The experiment in (b) and (c) is repeated under water where the microphones can still detect the sound. State and explain how the experimental results differ. [2]