FORM 5 PHYSICS TIME: 2 hours

DIRECTORATE FOR QUALITY AND STANDARDS IN EDUCATION Department of Curriculum Management Educational Assessment Unit Annual Examinations for Secondary Schools 2016 Track 2 FORM 5 PHYSICS TIME: 2 hours Name: Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided on the Examination Paper. All working must be shown. The use of a calculator is allowed. Where necessary take the acceleration due to gravity g = 10 m/s 2. Density m = ρ V Pressure P = ρ g h F = P A Class: Moments Energy Moment = F perpendicular distance PE = m g h KE = 1 2 mv2 Work Done = F s Work Done = Energy Converted E = P t Force F = m a W = m g Motion Electricity Average Speed = total distance (u + v) t total time s = 2 s = ut + 1 2 at2 v = u + at v 2 = u 2 + 2as Momentum = m v Q = I t V = I R E = Q V P = I V R L/A E = I V t R T = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 1 R T = 1 R 1 + 1 R 2 Electromagnetism Heat Waves Radioactivity N 1 N 2 = V 1 V 2 ΔQ = m c Δθ real depth η = apparent depth v = f λ f = 1 T A = Z + N η = the speed of light in air the speed of light in medium m = h i image distance = h o object distance Marks Grid: For the Examiners use ONLY Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Th. Prac Total Final Mark Mark 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 20 170 30 200 100 Score Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 1 of 16

Section A: This section has 7 questions. Each question carries 10 marks (70 marks). 1. An archer uses his bow as shown in Figure 1. He pulls and then releases string the string aiming his arrow towards a target. a) Tick the correct statement. The archer is doing work when holding the string in the position shown; after releasing the string to fire the arrow; as the string is pulled back to the position shown. [1] bow arrow b) What type of energy is present when the bow is bent? Figure 1 [1] c) The moving arrow has both energy and gravitational potential energy. [1] d) The energy mentioned in (c) above changes into two other forms when the arrow hits the target. Name these forms of energy. [2] e) His friend prefers to use a slingshot (hand catapult) instead, as shown in Figure 2. He fired a small rock of mass 0.2 kg, vertically upwards so that it rises to a maximum height of 5 m. i) Underline: When the rock reaches its maximum height it has (elastic potential energy, kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy) [1] ii) Calculate the energy of the rock when it reaches its maximum height. Figure 2 iii) The rock eventually falls down back to the ground. Calculate the velocity with which it hits the ground. Page 2 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

2. Peter and his family went to a magic show. The diagram below shows an optical illusion used by magicians. Peter said to his mother that it is sometimes called the ghost theatre illusion. Figure 3 a) Add rays to show how the image of the actor behind the glass sheet is formed. [2] b) Label clearly the angle of incidence i and the angle of reflection r. [2] c) The image formed is called a virtual image. What is meant by a virtual image? [2] d) When they arrived home from the magic show Peter wanted to show another optical phenomenon to his family. He shone a beam containing a mixture of red and blue light into a prism as shown in Figure 4. Red Light Screen Red + Blue Light Prism Figure 4 i) On the above diagram draw the path of the blue light as it passes through the prism and its position on the screen. [3] ii) Underline: This optical phenomenon is known as (diffraction, dispersion, focusing). [1] Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 3 of 16

3. Figure 5 shows the apparatus used to investigate the absorption of radiation from a radioactive source. Counter Source Geiger Muller tube Absorbing material Figure 5 Different absorbing materials are placed between the source and the G-M tube. The table below shows the count rate obtained with each of the four absorbers. Absorbing material Counts /s Air 500 Sheet of paper 501 Thin sheet of aluminium 315 Thin sheet of lead 100 a) The source is not emitting alpha particles. How can you tell from the above table? [2] b) Is the source emitting beta particles? Explain. [2] c) What is the evidence that γ-rays are being emitted? [2] d) In a different experiment, a science student placed a radioactive source in front of the Geiger- Muller tube and measured the count rate every 15 minutes. Time /min Count rate /min Corrected count rate /min 0 860 830 15 662 632 30 530 500 45 440 410 60 342 312 i) From the table, calculate the background radiation. [1] Page 4 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

ii) Define the term half-life. [1] iii) Estimate the half-life of this radioactive source using the information given in the above table. 4. Rose designed a device to compress crushed material for the school science fair. 10 cm 55 cm hinge piston lever beam 50 N F crushed material The hinge acts as a pivot. A force of 50 N is applied downwards on the right-hand end of the lever beam. Ignore the weight of the lever beam. a) State ONE of the conditions necessary for a body to remain in equilibrium. [1] b) Calculate the moment of the 50 N force about the hinge. [3] c) Underline: The 50 N force exerts a (clockwise, anticlockwise) moment about the hinge. [1] d) Using the law of moments, calculate the upward force F which the crushed material exerts on the piston. [2] e) The cross-sectional area of the piston in contact with the crushed material is 0.003 m 2. Calculate the pressure exerted on the crushed material by the piston. [2] f) Underline. If the cross-sectional area of the piston is increased the pressure on the crushed material will (increase, remain the same, decrease). [1] Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 5 of 16

5. The Universe is everything we can touch, feel, sense, measure or detect. It includes living things, planets, stars, galaxies, dust clouds, light, and even time. The table below lists some facts about the Universe that may be True or False. a) Mark with a [ ] whether the statement is True or False. Statement True False i. The Moon can be observed only during the night. ii. The Sun is one of the millions of stars in our galaxy. iii. A planet is stationary and emits light. iv. There are 9 major planets in our solar system. v. The Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours [5] b) The Earth experiences four seasons. State ONE factor that causes the seasons on Earth. [2] c) Astronomers have discovered a new Solar system. A diagram of this solar system is shown below. X Figure 6 Complete the following sentences by using words from the following list. universe, planet, orbit, star, milky way, gravitational, comet i) X is at the centre of the solar system. X is a [1] ii) A orbits around X. A is called a [1] iii) The force keeps A, B,C, D and E orbiting around X. [1] Page 6 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

6. The diagram below shows a head-on collision between a car of mass 900 kg and a truck of mass 2000 kg. 15 m/s 20 m/s Figure 7 a) Calculate the momentum of the car before collision. [2] b) Calculate the momentum of the truck before collision. [2] c) Taking into consideration that it is a head-on collision, calculate the total momentum before collision. [1] d) What is the value of the total momentum after collision? [1] e) On another occasion, a driver accidentally leaves a packet resting on the roof of his car as shown in the diagram. i) What happens to the package when the driver brakes suddenly? [1] ii) Which of Newton s Laws explains your answer in (i) above? State this law. Figure 8 [3] Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 7 of 16

7. A small private plane takes two minutes to travel between two Greek islands. a) Mark on Figure 9: i) the weight of the plane; [1] ii) the air resistance. [1] b) The graph below shows the journey of the plane between the two islands. Figure 9 Figure 10 Use the graph to answer the following questions. i) Calculate the acceleration of the plane as it takes off. ii) Mark on the graph the section where the plane flies at constant speed. Label as AB. [1] iii) How much time does it take the plane to decelerate and land on the other island? [1] iv) Calculate the total distance travelled by the plane. v) Each airport has a runway that is about 500 m long. Explain why these airports cannot cater for aeroplanes with a larger mass. Page 8 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

Section B. This section has 5 questions. Each question carries 20 marks (100 marks). 8. This question is about electromagnetism. In 1831, Sir Michael Faraday began a great series of experiments in which he discovered electromagnetic induction. The principle discovered back then forms the basis of operation of a modern magnetic rechargeable torch. Figure 11 Figure 13 Figure 12 a) When the torch is shaken, the magnet moves through the coil and back again. This movement generates a voltage across the ends of the coil. The voltage is used to provide current to recharge the battery in the control unit. i) Fill in the blanks with the following words: cut, voltage, current, field When the magnetic of the magnet is by the coil, it induces a voltage across the coil. [4] ii) Underline. John increases the induced voltage by shaking the torch (faster, slower). [2] iii) The torch uses an LED. What does LED stand for? Tick the correct phrase. Level Energy Distribution Loud Electric Doorbell Light Emitting Diode [1] iv) In terms of energy, why is an LED better than a filament lamp for this torch? b) Lilian discovers that transformers also work by induction. The diagram in Figure 14 shows a typical transformer. Primary coil Figure 14 Secondary coil Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 9 of 16

i) Does the 240 V mains provide an alternating current or direct current? [1] ii) Underline. When current flows through the 8000 turn coil, it produces a (gravitational, magnetic) field. The soft iron makes this field (stronger, weaker). The other coil experiences a changing magnetic field and this induces a voltage across it. [4] iii) Lilian thinks that the diagram shows a step down transformer. Is she correct? Explain. [3] iv) The transformer has 240 V across the 8000 turns of the primary coil. Given that 6 V are induced across the secondary coil, calculate the number of turns in the secondary coil. [3] 9. This question is an experimental design about evaporation. Isaac likes to use aftershave after shaving. a) Fill in the blanks with the following words: biggest, temperature, fastest, smell When Isaac applies aftershave, he feels cooler because the molecules escape from the surface. The slower molecules which are left behind have a lower [4] b) Isaac accidentally left his aftershave plastic bottle on a windowsill where there is direct sunlight. After a few hours Isaac observes that the plastic bottle expanded as shown in Figures 15 and 16. Figure 15 Figure 16 i) Underline. While in direct sunlight the (potential, kinetic, chemical) energy of the molecules increases. The number of collisions with the wall of the container (increases, decreases, remains the same). [4] Page 10 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

displacement /cm ii) If the aftershave bottle were made of glass and left in the sun, state what would happen to: the temperature in the bottle [2] the pressure exerted by the aftershave [2] c) A scientist has two kinds of aftershaves. He would like to test which aftershave evaporates the quicker. i) The scientist has the following apparatus at hand: cotton wool, clamp and stand, two thermometers, samples of each aftershave (aftershave X and aftershave Y) and a stopwatch. Show the order in which the experiment is done by adding numbers in the boxes. Measure temperature at regular time intervals. Repeat the procedure with aftershave Y. Start the stopwatch and measure the initial temperature. 1 Dip the cotton wool in aftershave X. ii) Mention ONE precaution that he should take. [3] iii) In which TWO ways should he present his results? iv) Predict what will happen to the rate of evaporation if the same experiment is repeated by using an electric fan. [1] 10. This question is about waves. a) Mattias and Carl make a wave on a rope as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 distance /cm Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 11 of 16

Determine: i) the amplitude of the wave. [2] ii) the wavelength of the wave. [2] iii) the frequency of the wave, if it travels at 300 cm/s. [3] b) Some cars have parking sensors fitted to them. Ultrasound is used in these sensors. Figure 18 i) Underline. The parking sensor sends an ultrasound which is then (reflected, refracted) back to the car. The (longer, shorter) the time taken for the wave to return, the closer the car is to the object. [2] ii) The car and the wall are 170 cm apart. Change this distance to metres. m. [1] iii) The parking sensor detects the ultrasound after 0.01 s. How long does it take the ultrasound to travel from the wall to the car? [1] iv) Calculate the speed of the ultrasound. [3] v) A typical ultrasound wave used in the car parking sensor has a frequency of 40 000 Hz. Can the driver of the car hear these ultrasounds? Explain. [4] vi) Give ONE other use for ultrasound waves apart from parking sensors. Page 12 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

11. This question is about electrical circuits. An 8 V battery is connected as shown in the circuit of Figure 19. 8 V 4 X 13 Y 12 Z Figure 19 a) Underline. The 4 Ω and 12 Ω resistors are connected in (series, parallel). [1] b) Find the total resistance between: i) points Y and Z; [3] ii) points X and Z. c) Calculate the voltage across the 13 Ω resistor when the current flowing through it is 0.5 A. [2] d) Complete: A fuse is used in a circuit so that when too much flows through it, the fuse. [2] e) Three fuses are available: 0.2 A, 0.6 A and 1.0 A. Which of these three fuses is the most suitable to allow a maximum current of 0.5 A to flow through it? [1] f) On the circuit above draw a voltmeter to measure the voltage across the 13 Ω resistor. [2] g) Find the voltage across YZ. Assume the fuse has no resistance. [1] Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 13 of 16

h) Calculate the current flowing in the 4 Ω resistor. [2] i) On the circuit of Figure 19 draw an ammeter to measure the current through the 4 Ω resistor. [2] j) Find the current flowing in the 12 Ω resistor. [2] 12. This question is about density and thermal energy. Two students, Jasmine and Jake were given an unknown metal. They wanted to find out the type of metal it is made up of. a) Name the instrument needed to find the mass of the metal. [1] b) Jasmine decided to find the density of the metal. To do so she needed to find the volume of the metal. She poured some water in an instrument as shown in Figure 20. i) What name is given to this instrument? [1] (a) Figure 20 (b) ii) State ONE precaution that Jasmine should have taken while reading the volume of water. [1] iii) The volume of the water in Figure 20 (a) is cm 3 [1] iv) The volume of the water in Figure 20 (b) is cm 3 [1] v) Calculate the volume of the unknown metal. cm 3 [1] c) Calculate the density of the unknown metal if its mass is 340 g. [2] Page 14 of 16 Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016

d) Jake decided to find the specific heat capacity of the metal. The solid has two holes in it. He placed a thermometer in one hole and an electric heater in the other hole. He wrapped the metal with cotton wool and connected the heater to a joulemeter. He then switched on the heater and measured the temperature every 4 minutes. The results are shown in the table below: Temperature / o C 20 40 60 80 100 Time /min 0 4 8 12 16 i) Why was the metal wrapped with cotton wool? ii) Plot a graph of Temperature on the y-axis against Time on the x-axis. [5] iii) Calculate the change in temperature that occurs in 16 minutes. [1] iv) The mass of the metal is 950 g. Change it to kg. kg. [1] v) The joulemeter gave a reading of 68400 J. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the metal. vi) Jasmine and Jake used the table below to find which metal it was. Circle the name of the metal. Material Magnesium Aluminium Silver Lead Density g/cm 3 1.7 2.7 10.5 11.3 Specific heat capacity J/(kg C) 1020 900 235 127 [1] Physics Form 5 Secondary Track 2 2016 Page 15 of 16

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