Prentice Hall Conceptual Physics 2009 High School C O R R E L A T E D T O High School
Scientific Inquiry Standard P-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of how scientific inquiry and technological design, including mathematical analysis, can be used appropriately to pose questions, seek answers, and develop solutions. P-1.1 Apply established rules for significant digits, both in reading scientific instruments and in calculating derived quantities from measurement. SE: 1.2 Mathematics--The Language of Science P-1.2 Use appropriate laboratory apparatuses, technology, and techniques safely and accurately when conducting a scientific investigation. SE: 1.3 Scientific Methods; 1.4 The Scientific Attitude; 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses P-1.3 Use scientific instruments to record measurement data in appropriate metric units that reflect the precision and accuracy of each particular instrument. P-1.4 Design a scientific investigation with appropriate methods of control to test a hypothesis (including independent and dependent variables), and evaluate the designs of sample investigations. P-1.5 Organize and interpret the data from a controlled scientific investigation by using (including calculations in scientific notation, formulas, and dimensional analysis), graphs, tables, models, diagrams, and/or technology. SE: 1.3 Scientific Methods; 1.4 The Scientific Attitude; 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses SE: 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses SE: 1.3 Scientific Methods; 1.4 The Scientific Attitude; 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses P-1.6 Evaluate the results of a controlled scientific investigation in terms of whether they refute or verify the hypothesis. P-1.7 Evaluate conclusions based on qualitative and quantitative data (including the impact of parallax, instrument malfunction, or human error) on experimental results. P-1.8 Evaluate a technological design or product on the basis of designated criteria (including cost, time, and materials). P-1.9 Communicate and defend a scientific argument or conclusion. SE: 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses SE: 1.3 Scientific Methods; 1.4 The Scientific Attitude; 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses SE: 11.1 Torque; 12.2 Angular Momentum; 18.4 Compression and Tension; 36.5 Electric Currents and Magnetic Fields SE: 1.3 Scientific Methods; 1.4 The Scientific Attitude; 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses P-1.10 Use appropriate safety procedures when conducting investigations. SE: 1.5 Scientific Hypotheses 1
P-2.1 Represent vector quantities (including displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force) and use vector addition. Standard P-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the principles of force and motion and relationships between them. SE: 2.3 Support Force; 2.4 Equilibrium for Moving Objects; 2.5 Vectors; 5.1 Vector Quantities; 5.2 Velocity Vectors; 5.3 Components of Vectors; 5.4 Projectile Motion; 5.5 Projectiles Launched Horizontally; 5.6 Projectiles Launched at an Angle P-2.2 Apply formulas for velocity or speed and SE: 4.1 Motion is Relative; 4.2 Speed; 4.3 acceleration to one and two-dimensional problems. Velocity; 4.4 Acceleration; 4.5 Free Fall: How Fast?; 4.6 Free Fall: How Far?; 4.7 Graphs of Motion; 4.8 Air Resistance and Falling Objects; 4.9 How Fast, How Far, How Quickly How Fast Changes P-2.3 Interpret the velocity or speed and SE: 4.7 Graphs of Motion; 4.8 Air Resistance and acceleration of one and two-dimensional motion on Falling Objects; 4.9 How Fast, How Far, How distance-time, velocity-time or speed-time, and Quickly How Fast Changes acceleration-time graphs. P-2.4 Interpret the resulting motion of objects by applying Newton s three laws of motion: inertia; the relationship among net force, mass, and acceleration (using F = ma); and action and reaction forces. P-2.5 Explain the factors that influence the dynamics of falling objects and projectiles. P-2.6 Apply formulas for velocity and acceleration to solve problems related to projectile motion. P-2.7 Use a free-body diagram to determine the net force and component forces acting upon an object. SE: 2.1 Force; 2.2 Mechanical Equilibrium; 2.3 Support Force; 2.4 Equilibrium for Moving Objects; 3.4 Newton s Law of Inertia; 3.5 Mass A Measure of Inertia; 3.6 The Moving Earth Again; 6.1 Force Causes Acceleration; 6.2 Mass Resists Acceleration; 6.3 Newton s Second Law of Motion; 6.4 Friction; 6.5 Applying Force Pressure; 6.6 Free Fall Explained; 6.7 Falling and Air Resistance; 7.1 Force Causes Acceleration; 7.2 Newton s Third Law of Motion; 7.3 Action and Reaction on Different Masses; 7.4 Defining Systems; 7.5 The Horse-Cart Problem; 7.6 Summary of Newton s Three Laws SE: 4.5 Free Fall: How Fast?; 4.6 Free Fall: How Far?; 4.7 Graphs of Motion; 4.8 Air Resistance and Falling Objects; 4.9 How Fast, How Far, How Quickly How Fast Changes; 5.4 Projectile Motion; 5.5 Projectiles Launched Horizontally; 5.6 Projectiles Launched at an Angle; 5.7 Projectile Altitude and Range SE: 5.4 Projectile Motion; 5.5 Projectiles Launched Horizontally; 5.6 Projectiles Launched at an Angle; 5.7 Projectile Altitude and Range SE: 6.4 Friction 2
P-2.8 Distinguish between static and kinetic friction and the factors that affect the motion of objects. P-2.9 Explain how torque is affected by the magnitude, direction, and point of application of force. P-2.10 Explain the relationships among speed, velocity, acceleration, and force in rotational systems. SE: 3.3 Galileo on Motion; 6.4 Friction; 32.5 Charging by Friction and Contact SE: 11.1 Torque; 11.2 Balanced Torques; 11.5 Torque, Center of Gravity, and Toppling SE: 11.1 Torque; 11.2 Torques; 11.5 Torque, Center of Gravity, and Toppling; 12.1 Rotational Inertia; 12.2 Angular Momentum; 12.3 Conservation of Angular Momentum Standard P-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the conservation, transfer, and transformation of mechanical energy. P-3.1 Apply energy formulas to determine potential and kinetic energy and explain the transformation from one to the other. P-3.2 Apply the law of conservation of energy to the transfer of mechanical energy through work. P-3.3 Explain, both conceptually and quantitatively, how energy can transfer from one system to another (including work, power, and efficiency). P-3.4 Explain, both conceptually and quantitatively, the factors that influence periodic motion. P-3.5 Explain the factors involved in producing a change in momentum (including impulse and the law of conservation of momentum in both linear and rotary systems). SE: 9.1 Work; 9.2 Power; 9.3 Mechanical Energy; 9.4 Potential Energy; 9.5 Kinetic Energy; 9.6 Work- Energy Theorem; 9.7 Conservation of Energy ; 9.8 Machines; 9.9 Efficiency; 9.10 Energy for Life SE: 9.1 Work; 9.2 Power; 9.3 Mechanical Energy; 9.4 Potential Energy; 9.5 Kinetic Energy; 9.6 Work- Energy Theorem; 9.7 Conservation of Energy ; 9.8 Machines; 9.9 Efficiency; 9.10 Energy for Life SE: 9.1 Work; 9.2 Power; 9.3 Mechanical Energy; 9.4 Potential Energy; 9.5 Kinetic Energy; 9.6 Work- Energy Theorem; 9.7 Conservation of Energy ; 9.8 Machines; 9.9 Efficiency; 9.10 Energy for Life SE: 25.1 Vibration of a Pendulum P-3.6 Compare elastic and inelastic collisions in terms of conservation laws. SE: 8.5 Collisions Standard P-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties of electricity and magnetism and the relationships between them. P-4.1 Recognize the characteristics of static charge SE: 32.1 Electrical Forces and Charges; 32.2 and explain how a static charge is generated. Conservation of Charge; 32.3 Coulomb s Law; 32.4 Conductors and Insulators; 32.5 Charging by Friction and Contact; 32.6 Charging by Induction; 32.7 Charge Polarization 3
P-4.2 Use diagrams to illustrate an electric field (including point charges and electric field lines). SE: 33.1 Electric Fields; 33.2 Electric Field Lines; 33.3 Electric Shielding P-4.3 Summarize current, potential difference, and resistance in terms of electrons. P-4.4 Compare how current, voltage, and resistance are measured in a series and in a parallel electric circuit and identify the appropriate units of measurement. P-4.5 Analyze the relationships among voltage, resistance, and current in a complex circuit by using Ohm s law to calculate voltage, resistance, and current at each resistor, any branch, and the overall circuit. SE: 34.1 Flow of Charge; 34.2 Electric Current; 34.3 Voltage Sources; 34.4 Electric Resistance; 34.5 Ohm s Law; 34.6 Ohm s Law and Electric Shock; 34.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current; 34.8 Converting AC to DC; 34.9 The Speed of Electrons in a Circuit; 34.10 The Source of Electrons in a Circuit; 34.11 Electric Power SE: 35.1 A Battery and a Bulb; 35.2 Electric Circuits; 35.3 Series Circuits; 35.4 Parallel Circuits; 35.5 Schematic Diagrams; 35.6 Combining Resistors in a Compound Circuit; 35.7 Parallel Circuits and Overloading SE: 34.1 Flow of Charge; 34.2 Electric Current; 34.3 Voltage Sources; 34.4 Electric Resistance; 34.5 Ohm s Law; 34.6 Ohm s Law and Electric Shock; 34.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current; 34.8 Converting AC to DC; 34.9 The Speed of Electrons in a Circuit; 34.10 The Source of Electrons in a Circuit; 34.11 Electric Power P-4.6 Differentiate between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) in electrical circuits. SE: 34.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current P-4.7 Carry out calculations for electric power and electric energy for circuits. P-4.8 Summarize the function of electrical safety components (including fuses, surge protectors, and breakers). P-4.9 Explain the effects of magnetic forces on the production of electrical currents and on current carrying wires and moving charges. SE: 34.11 Electric Power SE: 35.7 Parallel Circuits and Overloading SE: 36.1 Magnetic Poles; 36.2 Magnetic Fields; 36.3 The Nature of a Magnetic Field; 36.4 Magnetic Domains; 36.5 Electric Currents and Magnetic Fields; 36.6 Magnetic Forces on Moving Charged Particles; 36.7 Magnetic Forces on Current-Carrying Wires; 36.8 Meters to Motors; 36.9 Earth s Magnetic Field; 37.1 Electromagnetic Induction; 37.2 Faraday s Law; 37.3 Generators and Alternating Current; 37.4 Motor and Generator Comparison; 37.5 Transformers; 37.6 Power Transmission; 37.7 Induction of Electric and Magnetic Fields; 37.8 Electromagnetic Waves P-4.10 Distinguish between the function of motors and generators on the basis of the use of electricity and magnetism by each. SE: 36.8 Meters to Motors; 37.3 Generators and Alternating Current; 37.4 Motor and Generator Comparison 4
P-4.11 Predict the cost of operating an electrical device by determining the amount of electrical power and electrical energy in the circuit. SE: 34.11 Electric Power Standard P-5: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and behaviors of mechanical and electromagnetic waves. P-5.1 Analyze the relationships among the SE: 25.2 Wave Description; 25.3 Wave Motion; properties of waves (including energy, frequency, 25.4 Wave Speed amplitude, wavelength, period, phase, and speed). P-5.2 Compare the properties of electromagnetic and mechanical waves. P-5.3 Analyze wave behaviors (including reflection, refraction, diffraction, and constructive and destructive interference). P-5.4 Distinguish the different properties of waves across the range of the electromagnetic spectrum. P-5.5 Illustrate the interaction of light waves with optical lenses and mirrors by using Snell s law and ray diagrams. SE: 22.3 Radiation; 25.1 Vibration Of A Pendulum; 25.2 Wave Description; 25.3 Wave Motion; 25.4 Wave Speed; 25.5 Transverse Waves; 25.6 Longitudinal Waves; 25.7 Interference; 25.8 Standing Waves; 25.9 The Doppler Effect; 25.10 Bow Waves; 25.11 Shock Waves; 27.3 Electromagnetic Waves; 37.8 Electromagnetic Waves SE: 25.1 Vibration Of A Pendulum; 25.2 Wave Description; 25.3 Wave Motion; 25.4 Wave Speed; 25.5 Transverse Waves; 25.6 Longitudinal Waves; 25.7 Interference; 25.8 Standing Waves; 25.9 The Doppler Effect; 25.10 Bow Waves; 25.11 Shock Waves; 29.1 Reflection; 29.2 The Law of Reflection; 29.6 Refraction; 29.7 Refraction of Sound; 29.8 Refraction of Light; 29.9 Atmospheric Refraction; 29.10 Dispersion in a Prism; 29.11 The Rainbow; 29.12 Total Internal Reflection; 31.2 Diffraction SE: 22.3 Radiation; 25.3 Wave Motion; 27.3 Electromagnetic Waves; 31.2 Diffraction; 37.8 Electromagnetic Waves SE: 29.8 Refraction of Light; 30.1 Converging and Diverging Lenses; 30.2 Image Formation by a Lens; 30.3 Constructing Images Through Ray Diagrams; 30.4 Image Formation Summarized; 30.5 Some Common Optical Instruments; 30.6 The Eye; 30.7 Some Defects in Vision; 30.8 Some Defects of Lenses P-5.6 Summarize the operation of lasers and compare them to incandescent light. SE: 29.8 Refraction of Light; 31.2 Diffraction; 31.7 Laser Light; 31.8 The Hologram 5
P-6.1 Summarize the production of sound and its speed and transmission through various media. NOTE: Two of physics standards 6 through 10 must be taught in addition to standards 1 through 5. Standard P-6: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and behaviors of sound. SE: 26.1 The Origin Of Sound; 26.2 Sound In Air; 26.3 Media That Transmit Sound; 26.4 Sped of Sound; 26.5 Loudness; 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; 26.10 Beats; 29.5 Reflection of Sound; 29.6 Refraction; 29.7 Refraction of Sound P-6.2 Explain how frequency and intensity affect the parts of the sonic spectrum. SE: 26.1 The Origin Of Sound; 26.2 Sound In Air; 26.3 Media That Transmit Sound; 26.4 Sped of Sound; 26.5 Loudness; 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; 26.10 Beats; 29.5 Reflection of Sound; 29.6 Refraction; 29.7 Refraction of Sound P-6.3 Explain pitch, loudness, and tonal quality in terms of wave characteristics that determine what is heard. P-6.4 Compare intensity and loudness. SE: 26.2 Sound In Air; 26.3 Media That Transmit Sound; 26.4 Sped of Sound; 26.5 Loudness; 26.6 Forced Vibration SE: 26.5 Loudness P-6.5 Apply formulas to determine the relative intensity of sound. P-6.6 Apply formulas in order to solve for resonant wavelengths in problems involving open and closed tubes. SE: 26.1 The Origin Of Sound; 26.2 Sound In Air; 26.3 Media That Transmit Sound; 26.4 Sped of Sound; 26.5 Loudness; 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; 26.10 Beats SE: 26.8 Resonance P-6.7 Explain the relationship among frequency, fundamental tones, and harmonics in producing music. P-6.8 Explain how musical instruments produce resonance and standing waves. SE: 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; 26.10 Beats SE: 25.8: Standing Waves; 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; 26.10 Beats P-6.9 Explain how the variables of length, width, SE: 26.6 Forced Vibration; 26.7 Natural tension, and density affect the resonant frequency, Frequency; 26.8 Resonance; 26.9 Interference; harmonics, and pitch of a vibrating string. 26.10 Beats Standard P-7: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and behaviors of light and optics. P-7.1 Explain the particulate nature of light as evidenced in the photoelectric effect. SE: 27.2 The Speed of Light; 38.2 Light Quanta; 38.3 The Photoelectric Effect; 38.4 Waves as Particles; 38.5 Particles as Waves 6
P-7.2 Use the inverse square law to determine the change in intensity of light with distance. SE: 13.5: Gravity and Distance: The Inverse- Square Law; 31.1 Huygens Principle; 312 Diffraction; 31.3 Interference; 31.4 Young s Interference Experiment; 31.5 Single-Color Interference from Thin Films; 31.6 Iridescence from Thin Films; 31.7 Laser Light; 31.8 The Hologram P-7.3 Illustrate the polarization of light. SE: 27.7 Polarization; 27.8 Polarized Light And 3- D Viewing P-7.4 Summarize the operation of fiber optics in terms of total internal reflection. P-7.5 Summarize image formation in microscopes and telescopes (including reflecting and refracting). P-7.6 Summarize the production of continuous, emission, or absorption spectra. P-7.7 Compare color by transmission to color by reflection. P-7.8 Compare color mixing in pigments to color mixing in light. P-7.9 Illustrate the diffraction and interference of light. P-7.10 Identify the parts of the eye and explain their function in image formation. SE: 29.12 Total Internal Reflection SE: 30.5 Some Common Optical Instruments SE: 28.11 The Atomic Color Code Atomic Spectra SE: 28.1 The Color Spectrum; 28.2 Color by Reflection; 28.3 Color by Transmission SE: 28.5 Mixing Colored Light; 28.6 Complementary Colors; 28.7 Mixing Colored Pigments SE: 31.1 Huygens Principle; 312 Diffraction; 31.3 Interference; 31.4 Young s Interference Experiment; 31.5 Single-Color Interference from Thin Films; 31.6 Iridescence from Thin Films; 31.7 Laser Light; 31.8 The Hologram SE: 30.6 The Eye; 30.7 Some Defects in Vision; 30.8 Some Defects of Lenses Standard P-8: The student will demonstrate an understanding of nuclear physics and modern physics. P-8.1 Compare the strong and weak nuclear forces in terms of their roles in radioactivity. P-8.2 Compare the nuclear binding energy to the energy released during a nuclear reaction, given the atomic masses of the constituent particles. SE: 39.2 Radioactive Decay; 39.3 Radiation Penetrating Power; 39.4 Radioactive Isotopes; 39.5 Radioactive Half-Life 39.6 Natural Transmutation of Elements SE: 16.2 Equivalence of Mass and Energy P-8.3 Predict the resulting isotope of a given alpha, beta, or gamma emission. SE: 39.2 Radioactive Decay; 39.3 Radiation Penetrating Power; 39.4 Radioactive Isotopes; 39.5 Radioactive Half-Life 39.6 Natural Transmutation of Elements 7
P-8.4 Apply appropriate procedures to balance nuclear equations (including fusion, fission, alpha decay, beta decay, and electron capture). P-8.5 Interpret a representative nuclear decay series. P-8.6 Explain the relationship between mass and energy that is represented in the equation E = mc2 according to Einstein s special theory of relativity. SE: 39.2 Radioactive Decay; 39.3 Radiation Penetrating Power; 39.4 Radioactive Isotopes; 39.5 Radioactive Half-Life 39.6 Natural Transmutation of Elements; 39.7: Artificial Transmutation of Elements; 39.8: Carbon Dating; 40.1 Nuclear Fission; 40.2 The Nuclear Fission Reactor 40.3 Plutonium; 40.4 The Breeder Reactor; 40.5 Mass-Energy Equivalence; 40.6 Nuclear Fusion; 40.7 Controlling Nuclear Fusion SE: 39.2 Radioactive Decay; 39.3 Radiation Penetrating Power; 39.4 Radioactive Isotopes; 39.5 Radioactive Half-Life 39.6 Natural Transmutation of Elements SE: 16.2 Equivalence of Mass and Energy; 16.4 General Relativity; 16.6 Tests of General Relativity P-8.7 Compare the value of time, length, and SE: 15.1 Space-Time; 15.2 The First Postulate of momentum in the reference frame of an object Special Relativity; 15.3 The Second Postulate of moving at relativistic velocity to those values Special Relativity; 15.4 Time Dilation; 15.5 The measured in the reference frame of an observer by Twin Trip; 15.6 Motion is Relative; 15.7 Space and applying Einstein s special theory of relativity. Time Travel Standard P-9: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the principles of fluid mechanics. P-9.1 Predict the behavior of fluids (including changing forces) in pneumatic and hydraulic systems. P-9.2 Apply appropriate procedures to solve problems involving pressure, force, volume, and area. P-9.3 Explain the factors that affect buoyancy. SE: 19.6 Pascal s Principle SE: 6.5 Applying Force Pressure; 19.1 Liquid Pressure; 19.2 Buoyancy; 19.3 Archimedes Principle; 19.4 Does It Sink, or Does It Float?; 19.5 Flotation; 19.6 Pascal s Principle SE: 19.2 Buoyancy; 19.3 Archimedes Principle; 19.4 Does It Sink, or Does It Float?; 19.5 Flotation P-9.4 Explain how the rate of flow of a fluid is affected by the size of the pipe, friction, and the viscosity of the fluid. P-9.5 Explain how depth and fluid density affect pressure. SE: 6.5 Applying Force Pressure; 19.1 Liquid Pressure; 19.2 Buoyancy; 19.3 Archimedes Principle; 19.4 Does It Sink, or Does It Float?; 19.5 Flotation; 19.6 Pascal s Principle SE: 19.1 Liquid Pressure 8
P-9.6 Apply fluid formulas to solve problems involving work and power. SE: 6.5 Applying Force Pressure; 19.1 Liquid Pressure; 19.2 Buoyancy; 19.3 Archimedes Principle; 19.4 Does It Sink, or Does It Float?; 19.5 Flotation; 19.6 Pascal s Principle P-9.7 Exemplify the relationship between velocity and pressure by using Bernoulli s principle. SE: 20.7 Bernoulli s Principle; 20.8 Thermal Expansion Standard P-10: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the principles of thermodynamics. P-10.1 Summarize the first and second laws of thermodynamics. P-10.2 Explain the relationship among internal energy, heat, and work. P-10.3 Exemplify the concept of entropy. SE: 24.1 Absolute Zero; 24.2 First Law of Thermodynamics; 24.3 Adiabatic Processes; 24.4 Second Law of Thermodynamics; 24.5 Heat Engines and the Second Law; 24.6 Order Tends to Disorder; 24.7 Entropy SE: 24.1 Absolute Zero; 24.2 First Law of Thermodynamics; 24.3 Adiabatic Processes; 24.4 Second Law of Thermodynamics; 24.5 Heat Engines and the Second Law; 24.6 Order Tends to Disorder; 24.7 Entropy SE: 24.7 Entropy P-10.4 Explain thermal expansion in solids, liquids, and gases in terms of kinetic theory and the unique behavior of water. P-10.5 Differentiate heat and temperature in terms of molecular motion. P-10.6 Summarize the concepts involved in phase change. P-10.7 Apply the concepts of heat capacity, specific heat, and heat exchange to solve calorimetry problems. P-10.8 Summarize the functioning of heat transfer mechanisms (including engines and refrigeration systems). SE: 21.8: Thermal Expansion; Section 21.9: Expansion of Water; 23.1 Evaporation; 23.2 Condensation; 23.3 Evaporation and Condensation Rates; 23.4 Boiling; 23.5 Freezing; 23.6 Boiling and Freezing at the Same Time; 23.7 Regelation; 23.8 Energy and Changes of Phase SE: 21.1 Temperature; 21.2 Heat; 21.3 Thermal Equilibrium; 21.4 Internal Energy SE: 23.1 Evaporation; 23.2 Condensation; 23.3 Evaporation and Condensation Rates; 23.4 Boiling; 23.5 Freezing; 23.6 Boiling and Freezing at the Same Time; 23.7 Regelation; 23.8 Energy and Changes of Phase SE: 21.3 Thermal Equilibrium; 21.4 Internal Energy; 21.5 Measurement of Heat; 21.6 Specific Heat Capacity; 21.7 The High Specific Heat Capacity of Water SE: 23.8 Energy and Changes of Phase; 24.3 Adiabatic Processes; 24.4 Second Law of Thermodynamics; 24.5 Heat Engines and the Second Law 9