"rk Z:// Chemist SNOW PACKET DAY #5
Directions: Read the nine pages provided and answer each of the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which steps of the scientific method would need to be completed before designing an experiment? 2. Why would you want to use a large number of plants if you were testing how well a fertilizer would work? 3. Why do you want to only test one variable at a time? 4. How are abstract concepts in science often represented? 5. What famous scientist had the Theory of Relativity? 6. How many laws did Isaac Newton have? 7. List five famous Greek philosophers. 8. Define: Renaissance 9. What came after the Renaissance?
Scientific Method in Action Question: Which brand of gum lasts the longest? Trident, Orbit, or Eclipse? Which steps must be taken before designing the experiment? -Collect data -Form a hypothesis How would you design the experiment? Which steps follow the experiment? -Analyze the data -Draw conclusions 19
Design an Experiment! Question: Does fertilizer increase the number of tomatoes on a single tomato plant? Tip: Use a higher number of plants... why? Higher numbers give more accurate results! cc 0 11K HIM Possible scenario: 25 tomatcailan 0 NOT receive fetli Possible scenario: 25 tomatvla eceive fertilizer. Should ferti r be the same amount? Zo
Design an Experiment The only difference between the two groups should be the addition of the fertilizer to the experimental group. Everything else should remain the same. Examples- Same amount of water Same amount of sunshine Same size pots Why is this important?
Modeling Sometimes, concepts in science are abstract and can be better understood using models. Generally models are used for very big things (like the Earth) or very small things (like a molecule). Can you think of any other models useful in science?
Scientific Theory Theories are formed if an experiment is repeated many times and obtains the same results. A theory is an explanation for an occurrence; it can be changed as new data emerges. Examples: Theory of Evolution Big Bang Theory Scientific theories take a long time to develop! In order for a theory to have merit, it must be repeated many times by many different scientists. Have you heard of my theory of relativity?.3
Scientific Law A scientific law is something that has been proven true and correct numerous times, and can explain why something happens. Examples: Law of Gravity Law of Cosmic Expansion Typically, laws involve math and can be proven with numbers. Actually... I have three laws.
25" The Dark Ages Scholars such as Aristotle, Socrates, Archimedes, Pluto an Hippocrates are just some examples of Greek philosopher that have paved the way for modern science. During the "Dark Ages" (circa 500 to 1100 AD), the knowledge of these ancient philosophers was dismissed as barbaric. This coincided with the rise of the Catholic church religious dogma governed much of what people thought or believed. People were often persecuted if they went outside religious thought.
The Renaissance Period The Renaissance (immediately following the Dark Ages in the 12th century), a period of reawakening came. Renaissance means "rebirth". The works of ancient scholars were rediscovered, universities were formed, and many emerging scientists used the ancient Greeks philosophies to build upon their own (Galileo, Francis Bacon). Francis Bacon also disproved some ancient thought as he made his own scientific journey. I was one of the earliest philosophers to design a scientific method
The Age of Discovery Following the Renaissance period came the Age of Discovery. Within this time period, many were able to use the knowledge of their predecessors to advance in science like never before. I Many of these scientists are still found in textbooks today, as their theories and laws are widely accepted or known. Robert Hooke- Cell Theory Sir Isaac Newton Louis Pasteur Johannes Kepler- Calculated mathematical laws of orbit Robert Boyle- Gas Laws 27