Name: Date: 1. What was Niels Bohr s prediction about the location of the electrons in an atom? 3. An atom with which atomic diagram has chemical properties most similar to calcium? A. Electrons pair with protons and stay in the nucleus of the atoms. A. B. B. Electrons can be found at various levels within an energy cloud surrounding the nucleus. C. Electrons orbit the nucleus in well-defined energy levels or orbitals. C. D. D. Electrons are scattered randomly in a positive background matrix. 4. Which distinguishes an atom of one element from an atom of a different element? 2. Which best describes the current model of an atom? A. a solid sphere with electrons and protons embedded B. a solid sphere unique for everything that exists A. the number of protons B. the number of neutrons C. the number of electrons D. the number of neutrons and protons C. a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons with electrons orbiting in levels of high probability D. a central nucleus containing protons with electrons orbiting in specific paths 5. An element with an atomic number of 51 and an atomic mass of 121 has how many neutrons in each atom? A. 51 B. 70 C. 121 D. 172 page 1
6. Which diagram represents an electrically neutral atom? A. 7. What is the mass number in atomic mass units of an atom with 14 protons, 14 electrons, and 16 neutrons? A. 14 amu B. 16 amu C. 30 amu D. 44 amu B. 8. What is the atomic number of carbon-14? A. 6 B. 7 C. 12 D. 14 C. 9. Atomic masses are usually expressed as averages due to the existence of what phenomenon? A. isotopes B. radioactive decay C. electrons D. D. man-made elements 10. How do the atoms of carbon-12 and carbon-14 differ? A. atomic number B. number of electrons C. number of protons D. number of neutrons page 2
11. This diagram shows a marble with a mass of 3.8 g that was placed into 10 ml of water. 13. This chart represents the melting points and boiling points for four substances. Name Melting and Boiling Points of Substances Melting Point ( C) Boiling Point ( C) Chlorine 101 35 Nitrogen 210 196 Oxygen 218 183 Hydrogen 259 253 Which substance is a solid at 200 C? A. Chlorine B. Nitrogen C. Oxygen D. Hydrogen What is the density of the marble? A. 0.79 g/cm 3 B. 0.95 g/cm 3 C. 1.05 g/cm 3 D. 1.27 g/cm 3 14. An element on the far left side of the periodic table will have what property? A. a tendency to avoid reactions B. a tendency to share electrons when reacting 12. Several common metals are listed in this chart. Common Metals Metal Density (g/cm 3 ) aluminum 2.7 iron 7.9 lead 11.4 silver 10.5 Assuming equal masses of each, a cube of which metal would have the greatest volume? C. a tendency to gain electrons when reacting D. a tendency to lose electrons when reacting 15. Which elements are in the same period? A. aluminum B. iron C. lead D. silver A. lead and sodium B. oxygen and helium C. silver and tin D. tin and lead page 3
16. Which compound is most likely formed using covalent bonds? 19. A. SiO 2 B. K 2 O C. KBr D. CaBr 2 17. A chemical reaction is represented by this equation. 2Fe 2 O 3 4Fe + 3O 2 What is a product of this chemical reaction? Which solute exhibits the least response to temperature change? A. NH 4 Cl B. KCl C. HCl D. NH 3 A. FeO B. F C. O 2 D. Fe 2 O 3 18. The reaction of CaO and water is exothermic. A student mixes the two chemicals in a test tube and touches the side of the test tube. Which statement describes the student s observation? 20. This is a ph chart of common materials. A. The test tube becomes hot as heat is released. B. The test tube becomes hot as heat is absorbed. C. The test tube becomes cold as heat is released. D. The test tube becomes cold as heat is absorbed. Which substance is the most basic? A. Cola B. Cheese C. Baking Soda D. Bleach page 4
21. Which action would most effectively slow down the dissolving of a sugar cube in water? 24. Which describes an atom with an atomic number of 9? A. cooling the water B. crushing the sugar C. heating the water D. stirring the water A. 10 protons, 9 neutrons B. 9 protons, 10 neutrons C. 4 protons, 5 neutrons D. 3 protons, 3 neutrons 22. Which best contrasts nuclear fission and nuclear fusion? A. fission: splitting of small nuclei fusion: joining of large nuclei B. fission: splitting of large nuclei fusion: joining of small nuclei C. fission: joining of small nuclei fusion: joining of large nuclei D. fission: needs extremely low temperatures fusion: needs slightly higher temperatures than fission 25. What is one problem with using nuclear fission as an energy source? A. finding radioactive elements that have longer half-lives B. finding ways of storing radioactive wastes C. finding compounds to cool heated water D. finding nonradioactive elements for nuclear reactors 23. Which accounts for most of the mass of an atom? A. electrons B. protons C. neutrons and protons 26. Which element is an alkaline earth metal? A. Li B. O C. Ne D. Ca D. electrons and neutrons page 5
27. An aqueous solution is tested with an electrical conductivity probe. The conductivity probe does not detect an electric current. Which solution was most likely tested? A. SO 2 solution B. NaNO 3 solution C. MnCl 2 solution D. Ba(OH) 2 solution 30. A teacher wants to demonstrate a chemical reaction to her students. Which activity would best demonstrate a chemical reaction? A. placing a metal in an acid to create a gas B. measuring the densities of liquid water and ice C. melting a solid piece of aluminum D. filling a balloon with helium gas 28. Which best represents how electrons are arranged in the energy levels of a carbon atom? A. first energy level = 1 electrons second energy level = 5 electrons B. first energy level = 2 electrons second energy level = 4 electrons C. first energy level = 3 electrons second energy level = 3 electrons D. first energy level = 4 electrons second energy level = 2 electrons 31. This chart shows the effects of several solutions on litmus paper. Solution Solutions and Their Effects on Litmus Paper Effect on Blue Litmus Effect on Red Litmus 1 None Turns Blue 2 None Turns Blue 3 None None 4 Turns Red None 5 None Turns Blue 6 None None 7 Turns Red None Which solutions are most likely acids? 29. How many neutrons are in an atom of Pu-246? A. 94 B. 150 C. 152 D. 246 A. Solutions 1 and 3 B. Solutions 2 and 5 C. Solutions 3 and 6 D. Solutions 4 and 7 page 6
32. What type of chemical reaction is represented by this equation? 2Li(s) + 2H 2 O(l) 2LiOH(aq) + H 2 (g) A. decomposition B. double replacement C. single replacement D. synthesis 36. The chart below shows the density of five gases. Density of Gases Gas Density (g/l) helium 0.178 neon 0.900 argon 1.78 krypton 3.71 xenon 5.85 A gas has a volume of 4.52 L. If its mass is 8.05 g, what is the identity of the gas? 33. Which best describes alpha particles? A. They are attracted to negative electric fields. A. helium B. neon C. argon D. krypton B. They are composed of beta particles. C. They are able to penetrate concrete blocks. D. They are products of chemical reactions. 37. This graph shows the solubility curves for various ionic compounds. 34. Which is an example of a mixture? A. iron filings B. copper wire C. bronze pipe D. titanium plate 35. An element located at Group 18 and Period 4 would be classified as which type of substance? At which temperature does KCl have the same solubility as CuSO 4? A. a halogen B. a metalloid C. a lanthanoid D. a nonmetal A. 18 C B. 38 C C. 73 C D. 100 C page 7
38. This is an electron dot diagram: 40. Which two elements have the same number of valence electrons? A. C and O B. Na and Mg Which element is represented? C. Cl and F D. Ga and Ge A. boron (B) B. phosphorus (P) C. sulfur (S) D. bromine (Br) 41. Which of these elements is the most chemically reactive? A. zinc (Zn) B. iron (Fe) 39. This diagram represents a neutral atom of boron-11. C. potassium (K) D. germanium (Ge) 42. Some coins are alloys of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). Which type of bond forms these coins? A. covalent B. hydrogen C. ionic D. metallic How many protons and neutrons does boron-11 have? A. 11 protons, 11 neutrons B. 11 protons, 0 neutrons C. 6 protons, 5 neutrons D. 5 protons, 6 neutrons 43. How can two different nonmetals form a compound? A. by sharing protons B. by sharing electrons C. by transferring protons D. by transferring electrons page 8
44. Which is the chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide? A. Mg(OH) 2 B. MgOH C. MgOH 2 D. Mg 2 OH 47. This equation represents an unbalanced chemical reaction: NaI + Cl 2 NaCl + I 2 When the equation is balanced, which coefficient should be placed before NaCl? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 45. Which is the correct name for the compound NaNO 3? A. sodium nitrate B. sodium nitrous acid C. sodium nitrogen oxide D. sodium nitrogen trioxide 48. This equation represents a balanced chemical reaction: BaI 2 + H 2 SO 4 2HI + BaSO 4 Which type of chemical reaction is represented? A. double replacement B. single replacement C. decomposition D. synthesis 46. Which is a correctly balanced chemical equation? A. CuCl 2 + 2Al 2AlCl 3 + Cu B. 2CuCl 2 + Al AlCl 3 + 2Cu C. 2CuCl 2 + 3Al 3AlCl 3 + 2Cu D. 3CuCl 2 + 2Al 2AlCl 3 + 3Cu 49. A scientist uses litmus paper to measure the ph of several different solutions. Which solution turns the litmus paper red? A. NaOH B. NaCl C. HCl D. NH 3 page 9
50. This equation represents a balanced neutralization chemical equation: LiOH + HF LiF + H 2 O A solution of which compound has a ph greater than 7? A. H 2 O, because it is neutral. B. HF, because it is an acid. 53. Why does a student s hand feel cold when holding an ice cube? A. Heat flows from the ice cube to the hand. B. Heat flows from the hand to the ice cube. C. Cold flows from the hand to the ice cube. D. Cold flows from the ice cube to the hand. C. LiF, because it is a salt. D. LiOH, because it is a base. 51. Which group is in order of increasing ability to penetrate an object? A. alpha, proton, beta B. alpha, beta, gamma C. beta, proton, alpha D. gamma, beta, alpha 54. What happens to the molecules in a pot of water as it is heated? A. They move faster. B. They move slower. C. They lose thermal energy. D. They gain potential energy. 52. A 100-gram sample of radium-226 has a half-life of 1,600 years. How long will it take before there are only 12.5 grams of the radioactive radium-226 remaining? A. 1,600 years B. 3,200 years C. 4,800 years D. 6,400 years page 10