Evolution and Community Ecology Chapter 5 HOMEWORK Name Period TEACHER
Chapter 5: Evolution and Community Ecology Page 124-155 What is evolution? What is biological evolution? What is a gene pool? What is a gene? List the FOUR mechanisms of biological evolution. PAGE # 127 PARAGRAPH # What is a mutation? List an example. What is migration? List an example.
What is genetic drift? List an example. What is natural selection? List an example. PAGE # 128 PARAGRAPH # Who wrote Origin of Species? What is it about? List and Describe Condition 1 of Natural Selection. List and Describe Condition 2 of Natural Selection. List and Describe Condition 3 of Natural Selection. Describe survival of the fittest.
How does artificial selection in dogs work? PAGE # 130 PARAGRAPH # What caused the great diversity of dog breeds? How do humans benefit from artificial selection and agriculture? List 3 examples. Describe how allopatric speciation occurs. PAGE 131 PARAGRAPH # List 3 environmental conditions that could cause allopatric speciation to occur. What estimated percentage of species that have ever lived are now extinct? PAGE # 132 PARAGRAPH # What have paleontologists learned about how long a species exists before becoming extinct on earth from studying the fossil record?
What is the primary cause of extinction? Contrast background extinction rate and mass extinction. Describe a human s niche. Include: habitat, food, reproduction, community PAGE # 133 PARAGRAPH # What is specialist tolerance? List an example. What is generalist tolerance? List an example. Contrast intraspecific and interspecific competition. Describe how the zebra mussels caused competitive exclusion.
Explain how a fundamental niche becomes a realized niche. PAGE # 135 PARAGRAPH # Describe how competition causes resource partitioning. What is it called when resource partitioning leads to the evolution of a species physical characterisitics? What causes predation? PAGE # 136 PARAGRAPH # Describe the wolf/moose (predator/prey) population cycle. Sketch. Describe the garter snake/rough skinned newt coevolution and evolutionary arms race. PAGE # 137 PARAGRAPH # What is symbiosis? PAGE # 138 PARAGRAPH #
What is parasitism? Give an example. What is herbivory? Give an example. What is mutualism? Give an example. What is commensalism? Give an example. PAGE # 140 PARAGRAPH # Explain how life requires energy. PAGE # 141 PARAGRAPH # What is an autotroph or primary producer? What is role of the sun in ecological systems? PAGE # 142 PARAGRAPH #
What is photosynthesis? Write the equation. What is chemosynthesis? Write the equation. What is a heterotroph or consumer? How does cellular respiration work? Write the equation. PAGE # 143 PARAGRAPH # What is a primary consumer or herbivore? List an example. What is a secondary consumer? List an example. What is a tertiary consumer? List an example.
What does a carnivore consume? What does an herbivore consume? What does a detritivore consume? Give an example. What do decomposers consume? Give an example. Why are detritivores and decomposers so important? What is an organism s trophic level? How is energy transfer in organisms like that of car engines? PAGE # 144 PARAGRAPH #
What is the energy pyramid ten percent rule? Sketch. PAGE # 145 PARAGRAPH # What is rationale behind vegetarians having a decreased ecological footprint? What happens to biomass the higher on the energy pyramid? PAGE # 146 PARAGRAPH # What is a food chain? Write an example. Explain why a food web is more accurate than a food chain. What is a keystone species? PAGE # 148 PARAGRAPH # Explain why the sea otter is considered a keystone species. PAGE # PARAGRAPH #
What is ecological succession? PAGE # 149 PARAGRAPH # What is primary succession? List 3 causes. PAGE #_150 PARAGRAPH # How do algae and fungi help lichens grow? Describe the role of the pioneer species lichens. What is secondary succession? List 3 causes. Why does secondary succession occur faster than primary succession? PAGE # 151 PARAGRAPH # How does succession occur in the water? PAGE # PARAGRAPH #
What is a climax community? PAGE # 153 PARAGRAPH # What causes a species to become invasive? PAGE # 154 PARAGRAPH # What is the zebra mussel? What is the cane toad? What is it s ecological impact? What is kudzu? What is it s ecological impact? What is the honeybee? What is it s ecological impact? PAGE # 155 PARAGRAPH # What are ecologists so concerned about invasive species? PAGE # PARAGRAPH #