The Cell As A City Each organelle has a job---your cells run like a little city with many jobs to be done.
Lets take each organelle and put it s job into a life situation.... Nucleus basically like the boss, mayor, principal, chairman of the board get the picture? Job to direct all the cell s activities, even reproduction.
Surrounding the city is the... Cell membrane this acts like a fence or gate. Why?-it allows some things in and keeps other things out. It can bring things in or take them out and uses energy to do accomplish this-- (active transport).
There is more to the nucleus... Remember the nucleus is the control center The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear envelope. This is a protection for the nucleus. Envelopes protect the letter inside in this case, the nuclear membrane protects the nucleus.
The nuclear envelope has PORES Materials pass in and out of the nucleus through the pores in the nuclear envelope.
Think of the this movement as a traveling/jumping through the pore to deliver or remove substances.
Chromatin is in the nucleus---? What is it? Genetic material (DNA) SO----?!?! The genetic material contains the instructions for directing the cell s activities! It also makes you tall, short, brown hair, etc. This ensures that a leaf cell grows and divides to form more leaf cells or a puppy has puppies and not kittens.
Nucleolus This structure is inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes.
Mitochondria These appear as jelly-bean shaped; their job is to take the food that the organism ingests and convert it into energy. The nickname for the mitochondria is The Powerhouse
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) The highway of the cell. They appear as mazes of passageways. Proteins and other materials are carried from one area of the cell to the other.
Ribosomes These can be attached to the ER itself or freely floating out in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are small, grain-like bodies. They are factories that produce proteins for the cell. Most proteins are then sent to the Golgi bodies.
Cytoplasm This is the jelly-like substance that all organelles float in. Cytoplasm actually helps the organelles move (stream) around in the cell. Cytoplasm is basically clear. This slide has been stained-------
Golgi Body This is like the packing/shipping department. Proteins are sent here and packaged up to be sent out to other parts of the cell. Materials can also be sent outside the cell.
Vacuoles These are storage areas in the cell. They may contain food, water and also waste. The vacuole is large in a plant cell; small or even absent in an animal cell.
Lysosomes Small, round structures which contain chemicals to break down certain materials you can think of lysosomes as a clean-up crew. The contents are enzymes, acids, etc.
Chloroplasts only in Plants!!! Otherwise we would be....... Green People!
Seriously a chloroplast is for... Photosynthesis In this process, plants make the food for the themselves by using CO2, water and sunlight.
What else does a plant have that an animal cell does not? Cell Wall Cell walls provide structure and protection for the cell.
So------- Plant lots of trees so we have lots of fresh oxygen!!!
Mitochondria vs- chloroplast They do not really look the same!!!
WOW do you have all that now? Remember think of the cell as a mini-city where each organelle has a job to do Nucleus-boss/control center-remember the nucleolus and the nuclear membrane are with the nucleus. Cytoplasm-something soft to sit in-jelly-like substance Ribosome-produces proteins Lysosome-cleanup crew/janitor (contains enzymes) Endoplasmic reticulum-highway to move to different areas of the cell. Golgi body packing/shipping department Vacuole-storage area Mitochondria-produces power (powerhouse) for energy needs Cell membrane-like a gate to let things in and out-also separates the inside of the cell from the environment outside.
What parts are missing? Plants only cell wall and chloroplasts!
What color would we be if we could perform photosynthesis? Green--- of course! like Hulk
Well do your brains hurt? I sure hope so!!! You earned it!
Remember proper science names and all the functions of each organelle plant and animalthere are only 11 total.
Cells are COOL!!!! Study hard!! The end