GIS AND REMOTE SENSING FOR OPEN SPACE PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT 22 nd May 2009 1
Introduction It is said that more than 80% of the City s activities throughout the world are spatially related. GEOGRAPHIC Conservation is about places - Andy Rowan, Ph.D. Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere. Paul A. Longley INFORMATION SYSTEM The new source of power is not money in the hands of a few but information in the hands of many. John Naisbitt, Megatrends A decision is a good as the Information that goes into it. John F. Boorout, Jr. 2
Contents to be covered in the presentation Decision Define problem Output GIS Process Define GIS criteria GIS Analysis Data Management And Verification Build OS Database 3
Define GIS Problem Developmental challenges: Pressure for development/ alienation of open spaces/ rapid loss of open space Development pressure specifically on the retention, conservation and expansion of the open space network Invasion of open spaces Inherited fragmented open space system Redress and equitable provisioning of open space Pollution and dumping Hazardous land uses e.g. sewage, mine dumps, slimes dams 4 Quality of open spaces
Define GIS Problem Information: Accuracy of database Level of detail of database Access to database Decision-making: Integration between decision-making in different departments Consistent decision making based on accepted criteria 5
Define GIS Problem (JMOSS Process) JMOSS I OS Policy OS Categories Capturing of OS Sourcing of OS datasets JMOSS II Management Strategy OS Verification (Groundtruthing) 6 Capturing of Brown OS Network OS Verification (Groundtruthing) OS Provision (Analysis) OS Integration with RSDF s OS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Status Quo Policy Framework Regional OS Framework
OS Categories PRIMARY OPEN SPACES MAIN CATEGORY Ecological open space Existing Desired Nature reserves Botanical gardens SUB-CATEGORIES Waterbodies (buffered by 50 m) Undeveloped ridges Bird sanctuaries Nature trails Areas of high conservation value (as determined by specialist ecologist) Areas with high habitat diversity (as determined by specialist ecologist) Areas with a low disturbance (as determined by specialist ecologist) Red Data fauna (from GDACEL) Red Data flora (from GDACEL) Natural land cover categories 7
8 SECONDARY OPEN SPACES MAIN CATEGORY Social open space Institutional Heritage Agricultural OS Categories Zoological gardens Sports facilities Recreational facilities Places of interest Places of worship Libraries Community centres SUB-CATEGORIES Municipal facilities Airports/airfields Educational facilities Public service facilities (e.g. police stations, post offices etc.) Health facilities (i.e. hospitals and clinics) Cemeteries Historical monuments Museums Art galleries Cemeteries of historical importance Archaeological sites Cultural sites Agricultural lands (including urban agriculture)
OS Categories TERTIARY OPEN SPACES MAIN CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORIES Refuse sites Mine dumps Prospective open space Slimes dams Landfill sites Mining land & quarries 9
Build/Import Datasets (Existing Ecological OS) Waterbodies Ridges 10
Build/Import Datasets (Desired Ecological OS) Areas with Low Disturbance Habitat Diversity 11
Build/Import Datasets (Ecological Network) Ecological OS 12
13 Build/Import Datasets (Secondary OS)
14 Build/Import Datasets (Tertiary OS)
Data Management (OS Ownership) OS Categories Valuations Information Private/Public OS 15
Data Management (OS Zoning) OS Categories Zoning Information Zoning Required (YES/NO) 16
Data Management (OS Development Status) OS Categories Parks Database Aerial Photograph Developed/Undeveloped 17
Data Verification BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT Field verification of Natural Areas within the City Identification of all Animal and Plant Species 18
Data Verification WETLAND AUDIT A Retain, conserve and expand the open space network. Wetland status and functioning within the ecosystem C B E Region Hectares A 2990.50 D F B 982.49 C 2186.29 D 1075.33 E 1982.30 G F 1871.04 G 2319.58 19 Total Hectares: 13407.43
GIS Analysis The true Power of GIS lies in the analysis GIS analysis shows you: Patterns, Relationships, and Trends. in your geographic data that help you: understand how the world works, make the best choice from among options, plan for the future 20
Open Space Provision GIS Analysis Calculation of OS hectares and Quantify within wards Provision of Openspaces International standard: 2.4ha/ 1000 people Provision of Openspaces X = OS/P*1000 Where by: X: is the ratio of openspces per 1000 people OS: is the total Ha of openspaces per ward P: is the total population of each ward Parks/OS Social OS 21
Outputs Table Format OPEN SPACE CATEGORY AREA (ha) % OF TOTAL AREA Ecological Existing 30219.78 18.37 Desired 55123.00 33.52 Social 9436.19 5.74 Institutional 4883.01 3.00 Heritage 111.17 0.07 Agricultural 21952.26 13.35 Prospective 7636.51 4.64 Total 74238.91 45.14 22
Outputs Graph Format Summary of OS Categories 40 35 30 25 % 20 15 10 5 23 0 Existing Ecological Desired Ecological Social Institutional Heritage Agricultural Prospective OS Categories
Outputs (Map Format) OS Categories Conservation Value 24
Outputs Biodiversity Hotspots OS Provision 25
26 Outputs
Decision-Making (DSS) Need for Decision Support System: Recognize the spatial environmental dataset as a strategic asset to the City Link to other City processes (i.e RSDF s) Easy accessibility of the OS database Regular and easy updating of the OS database Proper data management and maintenance KNOWLEDGE DECISION INFORMATION DATA 27
Remote Sensing Landuse 2004 Landuse 2007 28
Remote Sensing Landcover 2007 29
DISCUSSIONS / THANK YOU Makau Alfred Malatji Alfredmalatji@joburg.org.za 0114076754 30