PLC Papers Created For: Year 11 C2 Questions & Answers
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.1.1 Describe and explain the bonding between group 1 & 7 elements. 1. Elements from group 1 the. metals react with elements from group 7 the. to form. The group 1 metals such as. lose.. electron from their.. shell to elements such as who gain the electron to become. Halogens negatively charged positively charged alkali Ionic bonds magnesium sodium oxygen chlorine one two outer inner (8 marks) Total 8 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Describe covalent bonding in simple molecules 1. Using the electron configuration shown below H 1 C 2, 4 O 2, 6 Cl 2, 8, 7 Describe the bonding in water. 3. Define the term covalent bonding 4. Complete the diagram above for H 2 diatomic molecule and explain how the bonding occurs. (4 marks) Total 7 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Describe how ions are formed and represent them using square brackets 1. https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=structure+of+an+atom&safe=strict&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=x&ved=0ahukewit_bobgo7lahvlvrqkh WToAKQQ_AUIBygB&biw=1440&bih=806 Name the central part of the atom. Name the particle with no charge Name the particle held in the shells (3 marks) 2. Draw a ring around the mass number of oxygen 16 12 6 8 Draw a ring around the atomic number of oxygen 14 12 6 8
3. Draw the electronic structure of oxygen 4. Draw the electron structure of an oxygen ion Total 8 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.1.1 Explain metallic bonding in terms of delocalised electrons Question 2 Metallic bonding occurs between the metal.. and the. Each metal.. donates electron from their outer.. These become delocalised and are free to and carry.. atom delocalised electrons ion elements delocalised protons shell rings move electrons charge compounds outer two (7 marks) Total 7 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Explain the process of ionic bonding 1.Choose the word that best describes: Sodium Sodium chloride Compound atom element mixture hydrocarbon 2. Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride using the data sheet to help you. Name the type of bonding that this represents 3. Describe how sodium reacts with chlorine to produce sodium chloride. (4 marks) Total 8 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.1 Explain the role of intermolecular forces when a substance melts/boils 1. Name the state that simple molecules are at room temperature 2. Describe how these simple molecules bond 3. Explain why they have low melting or boiling point. Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.1 Explain why simple molecules do not conduct electricity 1.Using the words from the box below fill in the missing words. Simple molecules such as hydrogen ( ) are gases at room temperature as they have.. melting and points. They are simple. structures that contain no overall. and so do not electricity. ionic H 2 water H 2 O freezing covalent charge boiling electricity heat (6 marks) Total 6 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.1 Recall that all simple molecules have low melting and boiling points 1. Covalent bonding Simple molecules tend to be.. Carbon dioxide A simple molecule contain carbon Gases A liquid at room temperature Water A shared pair of electrons (4 marks) 2. Use your knowledge to fill in the gaps. Simple molecules such as water and carbon dioxide as liquids or at room temperature because they have.. intermolecular between the molecules. (3 marks) Total 7 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.2 Describe the structure and use of fullerenes 1. Graphene is a new form of carbon that has been discovered. It can conduct electricity, is a nanoparticle and is very strong. https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=graphene&form=iarrth&ufn=graphene&stid=f05f0bbf-9d90-a8d2-e2dd-de9abb7b6337&cbn=entityanswer&cbi=0&form=iarrth Using the picture and your knowledge explain why graphene can conduct electricity 2.Explain why graphene is strong. (3 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.2 Explain the structure and properties of ionic compounds (NaCl) QWC https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahukewiw46j3zjdlahvfwxqkhsezaaeqjrwibw&url=http %3A%2F%2Fwww.naturallythinking.com%2Fcategories%2FIngredients%2FSalts%2F&psig=AFQjCNGQTUd7StL-2XxSn-VjPyg75UYh-Q&ust=1456410201547904 Question: Explain the structure and properties of ionic compounds such as salt (Total 6 marks)
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.3 Describe covalent bonding in giant structures diamond, graphite & silicon dioxide Circle the appropriate answers below covalent 1.Diamond contains ionic bonds simple 5 2.Each carbon atom is attached to 4 other atoms 3 Giant covalent 3.Diamond is a giant ionic structure Simple covalent three 4.In diamond all of the atoms are bonded together none hard 5.Diamond is a soft structure Simple Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.3 Explain the conductivity of graphite 1.Describe the structure of graphite and use it to explain why graphite can conduct electricity even though it is a non-metal. (5 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe the structure and properties of metals 1.Metals donate from each metal atom s shell. These form a sea of delocalised.. that form the bond with the metal. The opposite attract each other and form a giant proton electrons electrons atom ion charges particles lattice shape (6 marks) 2. Describe why pure metals are soft Total 8 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe what a shape memory alloy is and give an example 1.Nitinol is a shape memory.. 2. Explain why Nitinol is used as dental braces 3. Steel and gold are also used for braces. Suggest two factors you need to consider when choosing the correct metal to use. (3 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe why alloys are harder than pure metals 1.Brass is a mixture of two metals, copper and zinc. A mixture of two metals is known as an.. 2. Circle the correct answers Copper and zinc are different compounds sizes shapes Which means it brass. than copper shinier prettier harder 3. Explain why the construction industry prefers to use steel to pure iron. (3 marks) Total 6 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.4 Explain how metals conduct heat 1.State and explain the two properties that allows copper to be used as saucepans (5 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.5 Compare the structures and properties of thermosetting and thermosoftening polymers QWC : Compare the structures and properties of thermosetting and thermos-softening polymers, you may include diagrams (Total 6 marks)
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.5 Explain that the properties of polymer depend on what they are made of 1.Use you own knowledge to fill in the gaps. The properties of polymers depend on what they are.. from and the under which they are made. For example,... (LD) and.. (HD) poly(ethene) are produced using different. and reaction conditions. catalysts temperatures made purchased reaction conditions high density high definition low density lesser density (5 marks) 2. Name the two types of polymers Total 7 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.6 Describe what nanoscience is and how this can lead to new developments 1.Nanoparticles have many uses, circle the correct one from below suntan creams as a test for CO 2 in asthma inhalers 2. In relation to normal sized particles, nanoparticles are, circle the correct one from below the same size `much smaller much larger 3. Nanoparticles can be used as catalysts due to their... Circle the correct one from below size reactivity surface area to volume ratio 4. Nanoparticles have.. properties to normal sized particles. Circle the correct one from below same different similar 5. Nanoparticles have been used in cosmetics as they are.. Circle the correct one from below more reactive creamier lighter Total 5 marks
C.. Calculate the RMM MR of differe t co pou ds & recall what a Mole is Questio.Defi e the ter o e ole arks. Calculate the relative for ulas ass of ag esiu chloride MgCl Ar Mg= Cl=. arks. What is the ass of o e ole of ag esiu chloride MgCl ark Total arks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.1 Describe how RAM (Ar) of an element is compare to the C 12 isotope 1.Using the words in the box below complete the following sentences. atomic. (Ar) is a way of saying how. an element is compared to..-12. The.. of carbon is exactly.. In reality the atomic for an is their. Atomic number relative number mass carbon oxygen Compound mass number element heavy 12 16 carbon relative mass number Ar 2 (8 marks) Total 8 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.1 Recall what atomic structure is and describe what isotopes are 1.Name the element that has 12 protons. 2. State the mass and atomic number of the element iodine 3. State how many neutrons iodine has 4. Define the term isotope 5. Describe how I 127 differs from I 131 Total 7 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Describe how gas chromatography and mass spectrometry work QWC Question: Describe how gas chromatography and mass spectrometry work (Total 6 marks)
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Describe how paper chromatography can be useful 1.Explain why the line for paper chromatography is never drawn in pen 2. https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/tlc6.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/ chromatography/paper.html&h=188&w=364&tbnid=7hjy9kfhui- EyM:&docid=dOQeDY8YxWohmM&ei=C9DOVqGiIqqd6ASeqr3gBw&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwjh05Gw05LLAhWqDpoKHR5VD3wQMwhiKDcwNw What do the results tell you above the composition of M? 4. Describe the method for setting up paper chromatography (3 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.2 Explain how the mass spec can give the RMM substances separated 1.Explain why mass spectrometers are used in industry to analysis substances. 2. Explain how the mass spectrometers can provide the relative molecular mass of substances (3 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Explain why instrumental methods of chemical analysis are useful 1.Companies and universities use instrumental methods to analysis elements and compound. Three such techniques are: 1.) Paper. 2.) Gas.. 3.). Spectrometer. Complete the three techniques. 2. These techniques have many advantages. Suggest two such advantages. (3 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.3 Calculate empirical formula 1.Scientisits have found a compound containing Lithium 22% aluminium 23% oxygen 55% Using the percentages calculate the empirical formula Ar- Li- 7 Al-27 O-16 You must show all your working out. (5 marks) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.3 Calculate masses of reactants from balanced equations 1. Balance the equation below:.h 2 + O 2. H 2 O (2 mark) 2. Calculate the mass of oxygen needed to make 120g of water (3 mark) Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Describe what reversible reactions are 1.Define the symbol 2. Describe what a reversible reaction is. 3. Explain why reversible reactions never produce 100% yields. Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Explain how the % of an element in a compound can be calculated 1.Calculate the relative formula mass of hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2. 2. Calculate the percentage of oxygen in hydrogen peroxide 3. If oxygen is 89% of the compound water, how much is hydrogen? Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Explain what percentage yield is and explain the limitations of calculating it 1.Define the term percentage yield 2. When performing an experiment making paracetamol the scientists expert to produce 150g of the product, in reality they found that they produced 120g. Calculate the percentage yield for the experiment. 3. Suggest two reason why the scientists did not achieve a 100% yield. Total 5 marks
AQA ADDITIONAL C2.4.1 describe how to measure the rate of reaction using a simple equation 1.Describe the two methods of measuring the rate of a reaction (4 marks) 2.Write one of the two methods as an equation Total 5 marks