AP Physics 1 Second Semester Final Exam Review Chapter 7: Circular Motion 1. What does centripetal mean? What direction does it indicate?. Does the centripetal force do work on the object it is rotating? Why or Why not? 3. How do you calculate the minimum velocity required to make it safely around a vertical loop? 4. How do you calculate the maximum velocity you can travel around a curved track without sliding off? 5. Does the mass of the vehicle matter when computing the maximum speed when going around a curve or around a vertical loop? 6. Know the effect radius has on tangential velocity? Angular velocity? 7. Know Kepler s Three laws of planetary motion. 8. Know Newton s Universal Law of Gravity and how g is calculated. Chapter 8: Torque and Rotational Inertia 9. Define rotational equilibrium. 10. Define translational equilibrium. 11. Define static equilibrium. 1. Define torque. What is the basic equation to find torque? 13. What is the general equation to find the moment of inertia? a. Using this equation, if the mass of the object stays the same and the distance from the point of rotation to the object is tripled, how is the moment of ineria affected? b. If the distance from the point of rotation to the object stays the same and the mass is tripled, how is the moment of inertia affected? Chapter 13: Simple Harmonic Motion 14. Know where the following are at the maximum and zero for a pendulum and an oscillating spring: a. velocity b. acceleration c. potential energy d. kinetic energy e. restoring force 15. A mass on a spring and a simple pendulum undergo simple harmonic motion. There is no friction present. Which of the following statements are true for both masses? Select two answers. a. The mechanical energy is constant. b. The momentum of the mass is constant. c. The period on the mass is constant. d. The restoring force in is constant. 16. Know the equation to find the period of a pendulum and an oscillating spring. Based on these equations, what affects the period in each case? Chapter 14: Waves and Sound 17. What is superposition? How does that relate to the interference of waves? 18. When a wave reflects off of a fixed end, what happens to the reflected wave? What if it reflects off of an open end? 19. What is the range of the frequencies that humans can hear? 0. Define sound waves. 1. What causes the velocity of sound wave to increase?. What causes the pitch of a sound to increase? 3. If you move from one location to another and the sound you are hearing becomes 3 times louder, what is the decibel level increase? What would be the intensity level increase? 4. What causes the volume of a sound wave to increase?
5. What is the frequency of the A an octave below the A at 440 Hz? 6. Two notes are played together producing a beat frequency of 3 Hz. If one of the notes has a frequency of 64 Hz. What are the frequency possibilities of the other note? 7. Know the differences between open and closed pipe resonators. 8. Describe the relationship between the fundamental, harmonics, and overtones. 9. What is the Doppler Effect? Chapters16 18: Electrostatics and Circuits 30. Why are metals good conductors of electricity? 31. Which of the electrons in an atom are used to carry electricity 3. Explain how the direction of force between two objects is related to their charges. 33. How does the residual charge on an electroscope compare (same or opposite) to the charge of the rod doing the inducing? What if the rod charges the electroscope by conduction? 34. What is Ohm s Law? 35. How is the total potential difference affected when batteries are connected in series? How is the current affected? 36. What are the basic characteristics that describe a series circuit? 37. What are the basic characteristics that describe a parallel circuit? 38. What affects the resistance in a uniform conductor? 39. What are Kirchoff s Rules? How are they applied to parallel and series circuits? Light Chapter 40. What are the colors of the visible spectrum in the order of decreasing wavelength? decreasing frequency? 41. What is the cutoff frequency when talking about the photoelectric effect? 4. What are the three laws of the photoelectric effect? 43. Why can we see light from space, but not hear any sound? 44. How do transparent, translucent, and opaque objects affect the transmittance of light? 45. Describe an electromagnetic wave. 46. What is the modern view of the behavior of light? 47. Know which characteristics/behaviors of light were/are supported by the different theories of light. Also know which characteristic/ behavior each theory was not able to explain. 48. What is the index of refraction? What does it tell us about the speed of light in the substance? 49. What is the difference between specular and diffuse reflection? 50. What characteristic(s) of a light wave changes with as enters a medium with a different index of refraction? What characteristic(s) remains constant? Magnetism Chapter 51. What are domains? 5. What causes magnetism? 53. As the amount of loops in a current carrying wire increase the magnetic field. 54. What does the Earth s magnetic field look like? Is the Geographic North also the magnetic North pole? 55. Do magnetic field lines run from North Pole to South Pole or South Pole to North Pole of a magnet? 56. What happens to the strength of the field as the lines get closer together? 57. Two currents interact and produce a force. If one of the current is quadrupled while the distance is doubled, by what factor does the force between the two currents change?
58. Know the Right Hand Rules First Right Hand Rule: Sketch the magnetic field lines for each current carrying wire pictured below. 1) ) 3) Second Right Hand Rule: Label the North and South Poles for each electromagnet pictured below. 4) 5) 6) Third Right Hand Rule: Write the correct direction of the Force that the magnetic field will exert on the moving charge in each diagram below (Up, Down, Left, Right, Into page, Out of Page). 7) Direction: Direction: Review Problems 1. Mercury takes 88 earth days to go around the sun. What is its orbital radius (in AU)? (r = 0.387 AU). A uniform bridge, 40.0 m long and weighing 5.0 x 10 5 N is supported by two pillars located 10.00 m from each end. If a.4 x 10 4 N car is located 8.00 m from one end of the bridge and a 3.7 x 10 4 N car is 15.0 m from the opposite end, how much force much each pillar exert to keep the bridge in both translational and rotational equilibrium? (F 1 =8105N, F =94795N)
3. A disk with a mass of 85 g and a radius of 0.45 m is spinning with an angular velocity of 47.3 rad/s. If a force of 13.0 N is applied on the edge of the disk, how many revolutions does the disk rotate through as is comes to a stop? (θ =.54 rev) 4. A solid cylinder with a radius of.15 cm is rolling on a horizontal surface with a velocity of 1.0 m/s when it reaches a 30.0 0 incline as shown below. What is the angular velocity at the bottom of the incline? (ω = 164.8 rad/s) 1.0 m/s 30.0 0 0.85 m 5. With a 50.0 g mass at its end, a spring oscillates with a frequency of 0.70 Hz. The total energy of the system is 1.09 x 10 - J. a. Find the spring constant. (k = 0.97 N/m) b. Find the amplitude of the spring. (A = 0.15 m) c. Find the maximum velocity of the mass. (v = 0.66 m/s) d. Find the kinetic energy when the mass is stretched 6.7 cm. (K = 8.7 x 10-3 J) e. Find the velocity of the mass when the x = 9.9 cm. (v = 0.50 m/s)
6. The attractive force between two charged objects in 64.0 N. One has a positive charge of 1.4 x 10-6 C while the other has a negative charge of -1.8 x 10-6 C. How far apart are the objects? (d = 1.9 x 10 - m) 7. R1 R R4 Batt. V I R 8 A R3 R 1 R 6 V Ω R5 R6 R 3 R 4 8 V 3 Ω R 5 R 6 A 4 Ω R8 R7 R 7 R 8 R 9 30 V 5 A 6 Ω R9.. V I R Batt. 116 V 8 A 14.5 Ω R 1 6 V 3 A Ω R 6 V 3 A Ω R 3 6 V A 3 Ω R 4 8 V 8 A 1 Ω R 5 4 V 6 A 4 Ω R 6 4 V A 1 Ω R 7 48 V 8 A 6 Ω R 8 30 V 3 A 10 Ω R 9 30 V 5 A 6 Ω
Constants AP Physics 1 Formulas and Constants nd Semester Final Exam τ = Fr a c v = r mv Fc = r α = ω ω = ω0 + αt t ω = θ t 1 θ = ω0t + αt = 0 + ω ω α θ F mm 1 g = G ( R + h ) E τ = Iα v wave = λf = 331+ 0.6( T ) v sound q q F = k r 1 q I = V = IR t W F P = I R = IV = I = t 4π F E = 4πd