Selected Answers and Solutions

Similar documents
A L A BA M A L A W R E V IE W

C o r p o r a t e l i f e i n A n c i e n t I n d i a e x p r e s s e d i t s e l f

S ca le M o d e l o f th e S o la r Sy ste m

3. A( 2,0) and B(6, -2), find M 4. A( 3, 7) and M(4,-3), find B. 5. M(4, -9) and B( -10, 11) find A 6. B(4, 8) and M(-2, 5), find A

3. A( 2,0) and B(6, -2), find M 4. A( 3, 7) and M(4,-3), find B. 5. M(4, -9) and B( -10, 11) find A 6. B(4, 8) and M(-2, 5), find A

OH BOY! Story. N a r r a t iv e a n d o bj e c t s th ea t e r Fo r a l l a g e s, fr o m th e a ge of 9

C H A P T E R 9 Topics in Analytic Geometry

Circles. Example 2: Write an equation for a circle if the enpoints of a diameter are at ( 4,5) and (6, 3).

c. What is the average rate of change of f on the interval [, ]? Answer: d. What is a local minimum value of f? Answer: 5 e. On what interval(s) is f

Form and content. Iowa Research Online. University of Iowa. Ann A Rahim Khan University of Iowa. Theses and Dissertations

The Ability C ongress held at the Shoreham Hotel Decem ber 29 to 31, was a reco rd breaker for winter C ongresses.

Conic Sections. Geometry - Conics ~1~ NJCTL.org. Write the following equations in standard form.

H STO RY OF TH E SA NT

MA 162 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE PROBLEMS Spring Find the angle between the vectors v = 2i + 2j + k and w = 2i + 2j k. C.

Distance and Midpoint Formula 7.1

Table of C on t en t s Global Campus 21 in N umbe r s R e g ional Capac it y D e v e lopme nt in E-L e ar ning Structure a n d C o m p o n en ts R ea

QUESTION BANK ON. CONIC SECTION (Parabola, Ellipse & Hyperbola)

l (D) 36 (C) 9 x + a sin at which the tangent is parallel to x-axis lie on

B ench mark Test 3. Special Segments in Triangles. Answers. Geometry B enchmark T ests. 1. What is AC if } DE is a midsegment of the triangle?

I zm ir I nstiute of Technology CS Lecture Notes are based on the CS 101 notes at the University of I llinois at Urbana-Cham paign

Bellman-F o r d s A lg o r i t h m The id ea: There is a shortest p ath f rom s to any other verte that d oes not contain a non-negative cy cle ( can

LESSON 2: CIRCLES AND SECTORS

CIRCLES: #1. What is an equation of the circle at the origin and radius 12?

LU N C H IN C LU D E D

Chapter 7 Page 1 of 16. Lecture Guide. Math College Algebra Chapter 7. to accompany. College Algebra by Julie Miller

The details of the derivation of the equations of conics are com-

1 is equal to. 1 (B) a. (C) a (B) (D) 4. (C) P lies inside both C & E (D) P lies inside C but outside E. (B) 1 (D) 1

P a g e 5 1 of R e p o r t P B 4 / 0 9

Math 190 (Calculus II) Final Review

9.1 Circles and Parabolas. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

3) Find the distance for each set of ordered pairs (remember to provide EXACT answers): 5) x 2 + y 2 + 6x 6y + 9 = 0 A) Ellipse (x 1) 2

Apply & Practice 3.5 Set 1: P #3-18 (mult. of 3); 19 #21 write explicit #27-33 (mult. of 3) point #39-40 eqn tang line from graph

Precalculus Conic Sections Unit 6. Parabolas. Label the parts: Focus Vertex Axis of symmetry Focal Diameter Directrix

The Distance Formula. The Midpoint Formula

Math 101 chapter six practice exam MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

T h e C S E T I P r o j e c t

V o l. 21, N o. 2 M ar., 2002 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y ,, 2030, (KZ9522J 12220) E2m ail: w igsnrr1ac1cn

Few thoughts on PFA, from the calorim etric point of view

+ 4 Ex: y = v = (1, 4) x = 1 Focus: (h, k + ) = (1, 6) L.R. = 8 units We can have parabolas that open sideways too (inverses) x = a (y k) 2 + h

CHAPTER 11 Vector-Valued Functions

What are S M U s? SMU = Software Maintenance Upgrade Software patch del iv ery u nit wh ich once ins tal l ed and activ ated prov ides a point-fix for

1 x. II. CHAPTER 2: (A) Graphing Rational Functions: Show Asymptotes using dotted lines, Intercepts, Holes(Coordinates, if any.)

On the M in imum Spann ing Tree Determ ined by n Poin ts in the Un it Square

176 5 t h Fl oo r. 337 P o ly me r Ma te ri al s

y mx 25m 25 4 circle. Then the perpendicular distance of tangent from the centre (0, 0) is the radius. Since tangent

Semester 2 Final Review

Review Exercises for Chapter 3. Review Exercises for Chapter r v 0 2. v ft sec. x 1 2 x dx f x x 99.4.

Class Diagrams. CSC 440/540: Software Engineering Slide #1

FOR SALE T H S T E., P R I N C E AL BER T SK

Summary, Review, and Test

EKOLOGIE EN SYSTEMATIEK. T h is p a p e r n o t to be c i t e d w ith o u t p r i o r r e f e r e n c e to th e a u th o r. PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY.

w hole + ½ partial = 10u + (½ )(10u )

(6, 4, 0) = (3, 2, 0). Find the equation of the sphere that has the line segment from P to Q as a diameter.

SPU TTERIN G F R O M A LIQ U ID -PH A SE G A -IN EUTECTIC ALLOY KEVIN M A R K H U B B A R D YALE UNIVER SITY M A Y

IIT JEE Maths Paper 2

Review Exercises for Chapter 2

Conic section. Ans: c. Ans: a. Ans: c. Episode:43 Faculty: Prof. A. NAGARAJ. 1. A circle

668 Chapter 11 Parametric Equatins and Polar Coordinates

(IGBP) km 2,? PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y. V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : (2001) m m 3,

For all questions, answer choice E. NOTA" means none of the above answers is correct.

( 1 ) Find the co-ordinates of the focus, length of the latus-rectum and equation of the directrix of the parabola x 2 = - 8y.

Pre-Calculus Final Exam Review Name: May June Use the following schedule to complete the final exam review.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 3 2, 5 2 C) - 5 2

Lecture 17. Implicit differentiation. Making y the subject: If xy =1,y= x 1 & dy. changed to the subject of y. Note: Example 1.

Algebra 2 End of Term Final REVIEW

Intermediate Math Circles Wednesday, April 5, 2017 Problem Set 8

CK- 12 Algebra II with Trigonometry Concepts 1

Math 4399 Mathematics Instructional Design. Homework4. Please record all answers on the answer sheet for Homework 4.

Th e E u r o p e a n M ig r a t io n N e t w o r k ( E M N )

CRASH COURSE IN PRECALCULUS

Parabola. The fixed point is called the focus and it is denoted by S. A (0, 0), S (a, 0) and P (x 1, y 1 ) PM=NZ=NA+AZ= x 1 + a

2015 Canadian Team Mathematics Contest

Lesson 9.1 Using the Distance Formula

STEEL PIPE NIPPLE BLACK AND GALVANIZED

Math 180 Chapter 10 Lecture Notes. Professor Miguel Ornelas

Foundations of Calculus. November 18, 2014

EXAM II CALCULUS BC SECTION I PART A Time-55 minutes Number of questions-28 A CALCULATOR MAY NOT BE USED ON THIS PART OF THE EXAMINATION

Chapter 1 Analytic geometry in the plane

Coordinate goemetry in the (x, y) plane

Definition 1.1 Let a and b be numbers, a smaller than b. Then the set of all numbers between a and b :

Day 4: Motion Along a Curve Vectors

Ready To Go On? Skills Intervention 10-1 Introduction to Conic Sections

Section 8.2: Integration by Parts When you finish your homework, you should be able to

2. Determine the domain of the function. Verify your result with a graph. f(x) = 25 x 2

CHAPTER 3 Applications of Differentiation

Chapter Summary. How does Chapter 10 fit into the BIGGER PICTURE of algebra?

Directions: This is a final exam review which covers all of the topics of the course. Please use this as a guide to assist you in your studies.

Sample Questions Exam II, FS2009 Paulette Saab Calculators are neither needed nor allowed.

Grain Reserves, Volatility and the WTO

Honors Precalculus Chapter 8 Summary Conic Sections- Parabola

Spontaneous reactions occur only between the reactants shown in red.

Math 262 Exam 1 - Practice Problems. 1. Find the area between the given curves:

S U E K E AY S S H A R O N T IM B E R W IN D M A R T Z -PA U L L IN. Carlisle Franklin Springboro. Clearcreek TWP. Middletown. Turtlecreek TWP.

Straight Lines. Distance Formula. Gradients. positive direction. Equation of a Straight Line. Medians. hsn.uk.net

KEMATH1 Calculus for Chemistry and Biochemistry Students. Francis Joseph H. Campeña, De La Salle University Manila

Feasibility Analysis, Dynamics, and Control of Distillation Columns With Vapor Recompression.

Conic Sections Session 2: Ellipse

Name Please print your name as it appears on the class roster.

Chapter 9. Conic Sections and Analytic Geometry. 9.3 The Parabola. Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

How to use this Algebra II - Semester 2 Study Packet

Transcription:

value for the w idth of the box w ould be negative or zero. 3. height =.9 in., length «. in., w idth ~. in., m axim um volum e ~. in 3 5. radius =.55 in., height = 3.9 in. m inim um surface area = 5.9 in 7. (6.67,.83), Sam ple answ er: A m inim um tim e o f.83 hours w ill be obtained if the racer takes a path that w ill have him her at the sidew alk 3.33 m iles before the pier. 9. m = ; Sam ple answ er: The slope of the tangent line is. The tangent line is a horizontal line. 9. vertex: ( - 8, - ) ; focus: ( 8, 3); directrix: = ; axis o f sm m etr: x = 8. Sam ple answ er: The focus is feet above the ground. CHAPTER 7 Conic Sections and Parametric Equations (3) a. - 8x + l + 565 = + = 8x - 565 Page Chapter 7 Get Read. x = ; (, - ) ; (, - 3 ) 3. x = - ; (, - 8 ) ; ( -, - ) 5. x = ; (, - ) ; (, - 6 ) 7.x = 5; (, 55); (5,53.75) 9. 8. 3. 7 5. vertical asm ptote at x = 5 7. vertical asm ptotes at x = 5 and x = ; horizontal asm ptote at = 9. vertical asm ptote at x =. Pages 8-3 Lesson 7-. vertex: (3, 7); focus: (3, ); directrix: = ; axis of sm m etr: x = 3 + l + 5 = 8x - 565 + 5 + l + 5 = 8x - 5 ( + 5 ) = 8 (x - 3) b. The equation in standard form has as the squared term, w hich m eans that the parabola opens horizontall. Because p = 8, p = 5 and the graph opens to the right. The equation is in the form ( fc) = p(x h), so h = 3 and fc = 5. Since the stern is located at the vertex o f the parabola form ed, it is at the p oint (;, fc) or (3, 5). The sw im m er is at the focus, located at (h + p, fc), w hich is (3 + 5, 5) or (8, 5). The distance the sw im m er is from the stem o f the boat represents the length of rope needed to attach the sw im m er to the stern. U sing the distance form ula, the distance betw een these tw o points is ( 8-3 ) + ( - 5 - ( 5)) or 5. Therefore, the length o f rope attaching the sw im m er to the stern o f the boat 3. vertex: (, ); focus: (3, ); directrix: x = 7; axis of sm m etr: = - ( - ) = (x+ ) is 5 feet. 5. x = 8( + 7); vertex: (, 7); focus: (, 5); directrix: = 9; axis o f sm m etr: x = 5. vertex: ( 8,3 ); focus: ( 8,5 ); directrix: = ; axis of sm m etr: x 7. x = ( + ); vertex: (, ); focus: (, 7); directrix: = 5; axis o f sm m etr: x = 7. vertex: (, 5); focus: (7, 5); directrix: x = 5; axis o f sm m etr: = 5 9. = (x - 3); vertex: (3, ); focus: (8, ); directrix: x = ; axis o f sm m etr: = R9 ; Selected Answers

. ( ) = (x ); vertex: (, ); focus: (.5, ); directrix: x =.5; axis of sm m etr: =. ( + 9 ) = (x + 6) 3. (x + 6) = 8( + 9); vertex: ( 6, 9); focus: ( 6,.5); directrix: = 3.5; axis of sm m etr: x = 6 5. 9 in. 7. ( + l ) = (x + ) 9. (x + 3 ) = 8( - ) i i 8 v - - 8 ) i (x + 3) _ ) T f 8 + x = 6 J - o n o Y, k f 6- o * w ( + l ) = (x + ) 3. ( - ) = 3(x - 7) s r - - x >< CJ C CJ 33. (x - l ) = ( - 6) 35. (x - 8) = 6( + 7) * L S * ix ' T ( x - ) = ( 6) 37. (x - l ) = ( - 5) 39. (x + ) = - ( - ) 8: i, - 8 r-)z = (-- 5 ) - t t For Homework Help, go to H o tm a th.co m k -k x + = - -- )- A K - - - 8 5. = 8x 5 (! 7. = x + The graph opens verticall. D eterm ine the vertex and focus..5(x - 6) = - 9 (x - 6 ) = ( - 9) Because p =, p =. The vertex is (6,9 ) and the focus is (6,8 ). We need to determ ine d, the distance betw een the focus and the point of tangenc, C. This is one leg of the isosceles triangle. d = j{x - x l ) + ( - l ) = ( - 6 ) + (5-8 ) = 5 U se J to find A, the end point o f the other leg o f the isosceles triangle. Since p is negative, the parabola opens dow n and A w ill be above the focus. A = (6, 8 + 5) or (6, 3 ) Points A and C b o th lie on the line tangent to the parabola. To find an equation for this line, first use tw o points to find the slope m. Then use a p oint on the line and the slope to w rite an equation for the line. - i = m ( x - * i ) 5 = (x ) 5 = x + Point-slope formula (x t) = (,5 ) and m = - Simplif. = x + 5 Solve for. 5. opens dow nw ard 53. opens upw ard 55. (x 3 ) = ( 5) 57. ( l ) = 6(x + 5) 59a. Sam ple answ er: x = 8.7( + ) 65. (, 8) 67. (, - ) 69a. 7a. ( ) = 8(x + 3) or ( - 59b. about 3.35 m 63. ( + 5 ) = 8(x + 3) -6 "(5,3 h 5, 7) 6 8 (--, - ) 3 ) : 69b..53 ft 8(x + 3) R9

Sam ple answ er: To prove that the endpoints o f the latus rectum and W and the point o f intersection o f the axis and directrix D are the vertices of a right isosceles triangle A D W, w e need to show that ZDW is a right angle and that D = WD. Since F = FW, FD = FD, and Z F D = ZWFD, A F D = A FW D b SA S. Thus, D = WD. To prove that ZDW is a right angle, w e can first p rove that Z D F and ZFDW are b oth 5 angles. Since F = FD and ZFD is a right angle, A F D is an isosceles right triangle. Therefore, ZDF is 5. This also m eans that ZFDW is 5. Likew ise, ZDW is a right angle. Thus, ADW is an isosceles right triangle. 73. Sam ple answ er: x = ( ) 75. Sam ple answ er: = x 77a. i. unit; ii. units; iii. units 77c. A s the focus is m oved farther aw a from the vertex, the parabolas becom e wider. 77d. Sam ple answ er: (x + l ) = ( + 7) 77e. Sam ple answ er: The parabolas all have a vertex of (,- ) and open dow nw ard. T he first equation produces the narrow est parabola and the second equation p roduces the w idest parabola. (79) The w idth of the sector is 3 units, so =.5. A = x and the area o f the sector is. square units. Substitute the values into the equation and solve for x. - = x(.5). = x. = x Therefore, the vertex o f the parabola is (, ), and tw o other points on the parabola are (.,.5 ) and (.,.5). Set up and solve a sstem o f equations using as the independent variable. a + b + c = x a( ) + b{ ) + c = a(.5) + b(.5) + c =. a(.5) + b(.5) + c =..5 a +.5b =..5a -.5b =..5a =. c = 97. f i x ) = x 3 - x - x +. G 3. G Pages 38- Lesson 7-. 3. 5. x + 9 - x + 3 6 + 9 = 9 A 9x + + 6x + + 33 =.5 ^ +.5b =.. +.5b =..5b = b = The equation of the parabola is -j - 8. Q uadrants and ; the vertex is (, 5) and p =. Since the vertex is to the left of the -axis, and the parabola opens to the left, no points w ill be to the right o f the -axis, or in Q uadrants and. 5 : x or L = x. - 85. m ax at (7,8.5 ) = 8.5, m in at (, ) = 6 8 7. + + + 89. cot 6 = 7-, csc 6>= 6 6 R9 Selected Answers 7 (x 3) ( + 3) l a ( x - ) ( ) 36 5 (* + <>), ( - 3), «( * - ), ( - s ), 6 5 8 5..8 3 7 7.. 6 9..5.. 7 3a. 8.8 in. i' 3 b. J ^ + ^ = l 5.( } + = ; ellipse 3 ' 7 ( x - 7 ) ( + ) 7. ( + 9) = (x 6); parabola 9. n ellipse x + 7 + x + 8 + 3 = x + x + 7 + 8 + 3 =

{x + x + 36) + 7( + + 36) + 3 = + 7 + 5 (x + 6 ) + 7( + 6 ) = (x + 6) ( + 6) + = 7 The related conic is an ellipse becau se a ==b and the graph is of the form + ( 7 ^ =. a b 33. (x - 3) + = 35. (x + ) + ( + 3) = 36 53b. ** > * > 5 f f N - 5 5 5 JU 53c. 5 das 55. ( 7,- ), ( 3, - 5 ) 57. ( -,3 ), ( 6, - 5 ) 59. ^ ^ = i - H 3, ) - ^ K A S - t i r i r " n, * v - 6. (x - 6.5) + ( -.5 ) = 3.5 63. (x - l ) + ( + 7) = 6; center: (, 7), radius: 65. (x + l ) + ( ) = 6; center: (, ), radius: 8 67. Sam ple answ er: N o; if a = p and b = p + r, then c = r. f a = p + r and b = p, then c = fr and the foci are (, ± r ). 37. P F i + PF = a J(x - ) + ( - c) + ^(x - ) + ( - ( - c ) ) = a jx + ( - c) + Jx + ( + c) = a jx + ( - c) = a - Jx + ( + c) x + c + c = a - a ^ x + ( + c) + ajx ^J7-~tf = a + c ajx + ( + c) = a + c x + + c + c a(x + + c + c) = a + ac + c! ax + a + flc + ac = a + ac + c ^ <P~ + ax = a ac (a c) + ax = fl(a c) b + ax = ab - + ^ = a b 3 9. i i ^ + ( - 3) =. ^ + ^ = 6 6 9 3) a. The length o f the m ajor axis is 3. + 8.6 +.87 or 7.87. The value o f a is or 3 6.35. The distance 87 from the focus (the sun) to the vertex is 8.6 + or 9.35. Therefore, the value o f c, the focus to the center, is 36.35 9.35 or 7.. n an ellipse, c = a b. The value o f b is «c = 3 6.35-7. ~ 35.676. T he valu e o f b, the length o f the m inor axis, is about 35.676 or about 7.35 m illion mi. c 7 b. The eccentricit e is equal to. e = ^ ^ :.3 5. center: (, 6); foci: (+ 5 3, 6); vertices: (±, 6 ) 7. center: (, ); foci: (, ± 7 ); vertices: (, ± 6 5 ) ( + ), (x ) 9. + = 5. 6 36 + ' 6 53a. x + = 6, x + - 78 The area o f the ellipse A = tt. Substitute into the area form ula to obtain an equation w ith a and b. tt = -nab = ab Substitute a = b + 5 into the equation and solve for b. = (b + 5 )b = b + 5b = b + 5b = (b + 8)(b - 3) Since b cannot b e negative, b = 3 and a = 3 + 5 or 8. Therefore, an equation for the ellipse is x v x v 8 3 6 9 7. Yes; sam ple answ er: f (x, ) is a point on the ellipse, then ( x, ) m u st also b e on the ellipse. x (- = a b ( - x ), ( - ) + - b = a h = b Thus, ( x, ) is also a p oint on the ellipse and the ellipse is sm m etric w ith respect to the origin. 73. Sam ple answ er: W hen a is m u ch greater than c, j is close to. Since e = the valu e o f e is close to zero and the foci are near the center o f the ellipse. So, the ellipse is nearl circular. 75. vertex: - j; focus: 7^; directrix: = av,'s o f sm m etr: 7 7.6 M R eal Babies and 3 M First Babies 79. sin (» + f ) - cos ( + f j 7 ' = sin cos ^ + cos sin ~ cos cos ^ + sin sin - 3 3 6 = i sin + cos cos + j sin For Homework Help, go to H o tm a th.c o m $ connecte^ticgrav^iil^orj R 9 3

= j sin 8 + j sin 9 = sin 6 8. J>L 83. ^ 6 85.[ - 7, 5 ] 6 3 tu rn in g p o in ts;,, and tu rn in g p o in ts;,5, and Pages 9-5 87. real zeros and 89. 5 real zeros and 9. 3 + i 93. B 95. C Lesson 7-3. 9. - x z + 3z - x + 6 = 8. j - -, k " 8 - (- l va '- -7, - 3.9 ^ s-------- -U M -7. 7.9)* s J» i Ss L - 5 x + - 7 x - 8 = 87 (8.89, ) 3. 7. t- ( - l ) 5 ( + 8) 6 s 8x 9. 7. 33a. 3 Y(. 9). m n t, 3)r <7 ik if. _ -(o, 9.3: 8-8 (x - 5 36 n 3. 5, < (* ) 9 = _ =. 33b. 9 ft 3 5.. 7 39..68..3 3..8 3 5. h p erb o la 9. ellip se 5. h p erb o la 53. circle 3 7..3 3 7. p arabo la ) a. T h e co m m o n d ifferen ce is 8 k ilo m eters and the ab so lu te v alu e o f the d ifferen ce o f the d istan ces from an p o in t on a h p erbo la to the fo ci is a, so a = 8, a = 9, an d a = 8. T h e tw o airp o rts are the fo ci o f the h p erb o la and are 7 k ilo m eters ap art, so c = 7, c = 36, and c = 96. c = a + bz, so b = 96 8 S) 3x 5) 5 7 or 5. A irp o rt B is d ue sou th o f airp ort A, so the tran sv erse axis is v ertical and n-term goes w ith the -term. T h e eq u atio n for the h p erbo la is t. 8 it - ------ - a ( - ) ( - ) -^ JU -- t ------->f J (x + 7) 5 ( + 3) 7? - ( 9. [x + ) ( - C (x + 3) = 33 rfp T 9. 3 )- - 6 ( + ) 9 the x -term. T h e eq u atio n fo r the h p erbo la is v -K (x - 3) 7 x-co o rd in ates o f the v ertice s are d ifferent, so the tran sv erse axis is h o rizo n tal and the a -term go es w ith - - - o 5. (, 3). T h erefore, h = and k = 3. T h e con ju g ate axis is o f le n g th, so b =, b = 6, and b = 36. The S - 5 8, Me,c )? 5, 8, ) i ( - 3 )-,r (x + l ) = 9 (3? T h e v e rtice s are u n its ap art, so a =, a =, and a =. T h e cen ter is the m id p o in t o f the v ertices, or b. ^ = B - ' 5 =. C ( 36)- Airpo r t be: f e, - - -* T h e p lan e is on the top b ran ch b e cau se it is clo ser to airp o rt A. x irport bj (, - 3 B) (x -5 ) _ 9 R9! Selected Answers (- ) 7 C. B ecau se th e h ig h w a is the tran sv erse axis and the p lan e is k ilo m eters from the highw a, x =. S u b stitu te fo r x in the equ ation.

7. in tersectin g lin es 3x ± (3x) - ()(3x - ) = x and = x 9. p o in t at (, ) 5. b () = - 53. c -3x ± 96-3x G raph the conic. [ -, ] scl: b [ -, ] scl: 55b. A x - Bx - C + Dx + E + F = A '(x') + B 'x'' C '(') + D 'x' + E'' + F'; b su b tractin g o u t the x, x,, and F term s, the rem ain in g statem en t is true. A x - C = A '(x') C'('); A m u st eq u al A and B m u st equ al B' in o rd er fo r the statem en t to b e tru e. 55c. A x + Bx - C - Dx + E + F = A '(x') + B'x'' - C ( r) + D 'x ' + E'' - F'; b su btractin g ou t the x,, and F term s, the rem ain in g statem en t is true. A x + Bx + C = A ix ) + B'x'' - C '('); A m u st equal A', B m u st eq u al B', and C m u st eq u al C' in ord er for the statem en t to b e true. T h erefo re, B A C = (S ') (A'C); A (x cos 9 + sin 9) + B (x cos 9 - sin 9)( cos 9 x sin 9). 33. i 8(x') - 6 (-) = "s. ( v (57) For e ach eq u atio n, solv e fo r u sin g the qu ad ratic form u la. T h e n g rap h u sin g a g rap h in g calculator. ) 9 x - x - 5 - = 5 - x() - (9 x ) = x ± J(x) (5)(9x ) x + 8-6x 39. Sx + bx - = - J [ - 6.6,.6 ] scl: b [ -, ] scl: Y AK x - x - - x - - = - ( x l) - (x x - ) = x + ± ( x l) ( )(x x ) x + +?x 6x + 7 7.58, 7.5 8] scl: b [ - 5, 5] scl:. [ -.5 8,.5 8 ] scl: b [ -, 8] scl: [ -, ] scl: b [ -, ] scl: T h e g rap h s in te rsect at fo u r p o in ts: (.9,.), (.5,.5), (.9, -. ), (.9,.8). Equation Graph M inim um Angle of Rotation x - 5 x - 3 = parabola 36 6x = 5 x= 9 x + x - - x - fi = - ellipse 55a. A x + Bx - C + Dx + E + F = is eq u iv alen t to A'(x') + B'x'' + C '(') + D'x' + E'' - F' = b ro tatin g the A C con ic sectio n th ro u gh 9 su ch th at co t 9 = -. F is u n affected b th is ro tatio n, so F = F'. hperbola 8 59b. S am p le answ er: A p arab o la h as lin e o f s m m etr and the m in im u m an g le o f ro tatio n is a co m p lete circle. A n [ -, ] scl: b [ -, ] scl: R96 S e le c te d A n s w e r s ellip se and a h p erb o la h av e lin es o f s m m etr and the m in im u m an g le o f ro tatio n is a h a lf circle. 59c. 3

3. x = - f - r <r> _ i-t6 = [ (* + ( K ) = M + ( 63. 7^ -! CvJ 6. L et x = x' cos 9 + ' sin 9 and = x' sin 9 - ' cos 9. r = x + = (x ' cos 9 + ' sin 9) + ( x' sin 9 + ' cos 9) = ( x ^ c o s 9 - x''cos 9 sin 9 - ( ^ s in 9 + (x^ sin 9 - x''cos 9 sin 9 - ( ^ c o s 9 = [(xr) - ( ^cos 9 - [(x - ( ^ sin 9 = [ (* + ( ^ K c o s 9 - s in 9) t= ) ^ t = a ~ t = - cos 9 (x = x' cos 9 ' sin 9) 7. sin 9 ( = x' sin 9 - ' co s 9) x cos 9 - sin 9 x cos 9 - sin 9 x co s 9 - sin 9 x cos 9 - sin 9 8 = x' c o s 9 ' sin 9 cos 9 = x' s in 9 - v ' sin 9 cos 9 = x' c o s 9 - x' s in 9 = x' (cos 9 - s in 9) = x' = - F -5-6 ^ } p t h =7 - t--= 8 3 sin 9 (x = x' cos 9 ' sin 9) cos 9 ( = x' sin 9 - ' cos 9) x sin 9 = x' cos 9 sin 9 ' s in 9 cos 9 = x' cos 9 sin 9 - ' c o s 9 x sin 9 cos 9 = ' sin 9 ' c o s 9 9. =. 5 x -.5x -.5. = 5x + > x sin 9 cos 9 = ' (sin 9 - c o s 9) cos 9 x sin 9 = ' 65. Sam ple answ er: T he d iscrim in an t is d efin ed as B C, or in this in stan ce, (B ') AA'C'. S in ce a con ic th at is rotated has n o B' term, the d iscrim in an t red u ces to AA'C'. T hu s, onl the A' and C term s d eterm in e the tp e o f conic. T herefore, AA'C' < w o u ld b e an ellip se o r a circle, AA'C' = w ou ld be a parabo la, and AA'C' > w ou ld b e a h p erbola. For a circle or an ellip se, A' and C n e e d to share the sam e sign. For a p arab o la, eith er A! or C h as to b e equ al to. Fo r a h p erb o la, A' and C' n eed to h av e o p p o site signs. - t - f A M i f -r- A 5. = ^ + 9 6 67. i - 6 -f - -f 6x 8x i - 6 ---S 7 = o r 69. i > s J M 7.. 7 73a. s - d = 5,.35s -.5 d = 7.5 73b. sav in g s accou n t: $5; A -i - (x 3) 6 Pages 69-7 8 ( 8 A 9. 9 = i =: certificate o f d ep o sit: $35 75. 77. es, es; (x ) (x - )(x - )(x - 3) ( 7) = r 5 7. = - x + ^ fx -l- 3 J = t 79. D 8. A Lesson 7-5. f =^ i x T +T J x = 3 cos e = 3 s in 9 = K = For Homework Help, go to H o t m a t h.c o m dl r R97 = b

x = tv co s 8 7.x = a n d = ^ 9 - ^ 5- x + 9 =. =.38 - v -^ 8x.9 = v, t = '- - = 9 - x - -t= - - A f= = J C 5a. ab o u t 7. ft s 5 b. ab o u t secon d 5c. abo u t.8 seco n d s 53. S am p le answ er: x = + f, = + 3f 55. S am p le answ er: T h e h o rizo n tal d istan ce is m o d eled b the cosin e fu n ctio n, w h ich is at 9. T h is w o u ld im p l th at the p ro jectile h as n o h o rizo n tal m o v em en t. T h e co rresp o n d in g p aram e tric eq u atio n w o u ld b e x =. 57. S am p le answ er: P aram etric equ atio n s sh ow both 3. x = f and = -f+ t+ 9. x = 5t and = - 5 f + f 39 59. ou t= 6 * [ (x ' >u ll wl* + t--= 'i 6x ^ t= 5 ' h o rizo n tal and v e rtical p o sitio n s o f an o b ject o v er tim e, w h ile rectan g u lar e q u atio n s c a n o n l sh o w o n e or th e other. - - ( k s ** - CJ (x - 3) = 5 63. tan x 65. 3 n 3 + n ; 3.99 67. 3 n - n 3;.97 = C t= 6 ( - ). 33. es (35) Solve the first eq u atio n for t. x = log t L6 69. h o riz o n ta l as m p to te at = ; v ertical as m p to te at x = 6; D = (x x ~ 6, x R) x = t u J Su bstitu te into second equation. k > = t+ 3 = * + 3 n x = lo g t, x m u st b e >, so the d o m ain restrictio n is x >. 3 7. = * + 39. = * 8, x ==.x = f + a n d = 7 + 3f 3. x = t and = 6 + f, < f < 5. b 7. a 7. v ertical as m p totes at x = 5; o b liq u e as m p to te at = x + 3; x -in tercep ts and 8; -in tercep t ; D = (, 5) U ( 5, ) (9) a. The p o sitio n equ atio n s are x = tv cos 9 and = fw sin 9 ~ gt + h. T h e in itial v elo cit z> is.75 and 9 is 5. T h e su rface o f the w ater is at =, so the v alu e o f the in itial h e ig h t h is.3. B su bstitu tion, the p o sitio n eq u atio n s are x = t.75 cos 5 and = t.75 sin 5.9 f +.3. b. Find the v alu e o f t for w h ich = in the v ertical 73. 7 75. 3 79b. ellip se 77. E 79a. x + 3-3 x = 79c. (x ') + 9 ( ') = 79d. ~.75 p o sitio n equation. = t.75 sin 5 -.9 f +.3 = ~ t -.9 f +.3. The p o sitiv e zero in the grap h o f the eq u atio n is ab o u t.37, so t =.37 second s. S u b stitu te th is for t in x = t.75 cos 5, the h o rizo n tal position equ ation. x =.37(.75) ^ :.6. This m ean s th at w h en the frog reach es th e su rface o f the w ater, h e is o n l ab o u t.6 m from w here h e ju m p ed. T herefo re, h e is ab o u t.5.6 or.3 m eters from th e oth er bank. C. T h e. m eter d istan ce is a h o rizo n tal d istance, so su b stitu te the v alu es into the h o rizo n tal p o sitio n e q u atio n and solv e for u. R98 Selected Answers Pages 7 3-7 6. con ic section Chapter 7 Stud Guide and Review 3. d irectrix 5. foci 7. cen ter 9. p aram etric. vertex: ( 3, ), focus: ( 3, ) ; axis o f sm m etr: x = 3; d irectrix: = 5-8 - + * (-3, - ) - 8 - -

3. vertex: (, ), focus: (, ); axis of smmetr: x = ; directrix: = (, - f ix t r. 3. -,] scl: b [-, ] scl: [-, ] scl: b [-, ] scl: 5. 5. (x - l) = 6(i - 5) ( 5-6 6x - 3 9. ( + ) = - ( x + 3). (x - 3) = (i+ 7) l- -3, - ' s M 8 C - [-5, 5] scl: b [-5, 5] scl: 7. (x - f3x'' + 3 (^ + (3 - )x' + (a3 + )' = ; parabola 9. 9(') + (x') = 36; ellipse ~ ~- f = - 3 l. = 3, t=-ia t= f = J - " f = t-.= n 53. = i - - 3. - 8 - (x - 3) ( ( + 6 ) _ 6 5 ( x - 5 ), ( - ) ^ ' l 5 + 9 7. (x - l ) + ( ) = 3; circle 9. (x - ) = ( + 5); parabola 8 x - 57a. x + = 9 57b. 5 seconds 59a. 3x + 3x + + 8x 83 = 59b. * k! ix Pages 78-79 Chapter 7 Connect to AP Calculus. 376.99 units3 3..53 units3 5. Sample answer: The approximation will get closer to the actual volume of the solid because as the clinders decrease in height, the will better fill the volume of the solid. 7. 88.5 units3 v s r» i s u.*» ectors Page 8 Chapter 8 Get Read.3 ; ( ± ) 3. 9; ( - i - 8 ) 5.5. 7.. 9..8 ft. no solution 3. B «39, C as 5, c a 3. For Homework Help, go to Hotm ath.com connected.mcgraw-hill.com R 9 9