Unit 2: Cells Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures & perform specific life functions
Vocabulary Cell Chloroplast Tissue Cell wall Organ Lysosome System Cytoplasm Nucleus Osmosis Diffusion Endoplasmic Reticulum Vacuole Mitochondria Ribosomes Membrane
Cells How big are cells? What is in a cell? How are these tiny things responsible for life functions? What is it they actually do? Are there cells with specific functions which differ from other cells?
Cells Are Awesome!
Cells Are Make of Organelles
Organelles Little organs Specialized, work together to make cell work as a whole
Organelles Cell wall Cell membrane Nuclear membrane Nucleus Nucleolus Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Golgi bodies Chloroplasts Vacuoles Lysosomes Cytoplasm
Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells Different Shape Plant cells are usually rectangular Animal cells do not have a definite shape
Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells Different Structures Plant Cell Cell wall Chloroplast Large vacuole Animal Cell No cell wall Lysosomes No chloroplast
Bacteria vs Plant & Animal What makes bacterial cells different from plant or animal cells? Size bacteria are much smaller Nucleus bacteria don t have one Some bacteria have a cell wall
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic-no nucleus Bacteria Eukaryotic-nucleus Plants, animals, fungi
Organelles Make a chart in your notes about organelles. List the organelles, what it does, and if it is in a plant and/or animal cell.
Cell Wall Provides support and protection Allows water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen to pass in and out of cell Only in plant cells Cell Wall
Cell Membrane Supports and protects cell Controls what goes in and out of cell In both plant and animal cells Surrounds the outside of animal cells Inside cell wall in plant cells Cell Membrane
Nucleus Brain of cell, controls cell s activities In plant and animal cells Nucleus
Nuclear membrane Protects nucleus Controls what moves in and out of nucleus In plant and animal cells
Nucleolus Contains the chromosomes, which contain DNA Plant and animal cells
Mitochondria Breaks down sugar molecules into energy mighty mitochondria makes energy Plant and animal cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum Carries materials through cell Plant and animal cells
Ribosomes Produces proteins Plant and animal cells Ribosomes
Vacuole Stores food, water, and wastes Plants have large vacuoles Animals have small vacuoles
Chloroplasts Contains chlorophyll Uses carbon dioxide, water and light energy from the sun to create food for the plant Photosynthesis Only in plants
Lysosomes Breaks down food and wastes In animal cells, sometimes in plant cells
Organelles On pg 20, draw a plant cell and an animal cell. Be sure to include all the organelles listed List the name and function of the organelles COLOR IT (30 pts)
Specialized Cells Are all the cells in our body, or another animal s body, identical? Do they all do the exact same thing? In multi-celled organisms, cells are most likely organized into tissues Those tissues are organized into organs Those organs are organized into systems
Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Systems Organism
Examples Nucleus Nerve Cell Nervous Tissue Brain Nervous System Human
Examples Mitochondria Muscle Cell Muscle Tissue Bicep Muscle Muscular System Carmelo Anthony
Movement In & Out How do substances move into and out of a cell? Diffusion is the movement of particles (tiny) into and out of a cell based on the gradient The gradient means that particles travel FROM and high concentration TO a low concentration
Movement In & Out High salt (NaCl) Low salt
Osmosis Diffusion or movement of WATER from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. WATER ONLY Vital to life and all living things
Active Transport Movement of particles too large to use diffusion or osmosis Requires assistance to get in or out May require energy from the cell Against the gradient
Movement In & Out Osmosis is the diffusion of water into or out of a cell (think water-logged versus dehydration) Low water Lots of water
Cells on the Computer Go to: http://www.schools.utah.gov/curr/sci/s econdary/7thgradewebresources.htm Explore through the last 7-8 activities. Some links are broken, just move to another one.
Cell Review http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_m odel.htm Complete the following review questions from your book: Pg 24: 1, 2, 4 (think back to characteristics of bacteria) Pg 37: 1, 2 Pgs 39-41: 1-3, 5-10, 11-12, 15-17, 19, 20, 24-26