Name: Class: _ Date: ID: A AP Photosynthesis Test 2012 Multiple Choice (3 polnts each) _ Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the answer that is best in each case and enter the appropriate letter in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. 1. Carbon dioxide is passed into a solution of bromthymol blue indicator until the acid solution turns yellow. A sprig of elodea is then placed into this yellow solution. After a few hours in the sunlight, the yellow solution turns blue. Which of the following is the most likely explanation of these results? A) During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split and oxygen gas is released. 6) During the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is fixed leading to the synthesis of sugars. C) During the light reactions of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is used as a source of high energy electrons. D) During the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is generated from the breakdown of glucose. 1
Narne: _ ID: A Questions 2-3 Intact chloroplasts are isolated from blended spinach leaves by low-speed centrifugation and are suspended in a cold, protective buffer. If these chilled chloroplasts are illuminated in the presence of an oxidized colored dye, one may observe the reduction of the dye as the loses its color. Oxidized blue dye Chloroplast Reduced colorless Light dye Oxidized blue dye Light Only Oxidized blue dye An experiment is set up to determine the optimal reduction potential of the chloroplasts under different wavelengths of light energy. The chloroplast suspensions are individually or simultaneously exposed to the following wavelengths of light by the use of special filters: 550 nanometers (green), 650 nanometers (red), and 700 nanometers (far-red). All exposures are at the same light intensity. The data are given below. ------... 650nm +550nm ----~-~_650 nm 0.0 o Colorless L -r ~~~====::~:=~==~6~5~0~nm~+700nm 10 IS 20 Time (in minutes) 2
Narne: ID:A 2.According to these data, which of the wavelengths of light energy provides the LEAST energy potential for photosynthesis? A) 550 nm only S) 650 nm only C) 700 nm only 0) 550 nm and 650 nm 3. The greatest reduction of the blue dye occurs when the chloroplast suspensions are simultaneously exposed to two different wavelengths of light. Which of the following structural features of a plant cell best explains this observation? A) The two photosystems emebedded in the thylakoid membrane each absorbs free energy from light at a different wavelength boosting electrons to a higher energy level. S) The electron transport chain requires light of different wavelengths to stimulate the establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane. C) Carotenoids and chlorophyll must absorb free energy at different wavelenghts of light to transfer high energy electrons to ATP synthase for the production of ATP. 0) The proteins found in the thylakoid membranes are stimulated by a different wavelength of light than the proteins found in the stroma. 3
Name: ID: A Questions 4-5 The graph below shows the relationship of photosynthetic rate and irradiance (light intensity) as it is influenced by both temperature and carbon dioxide level. 660 ppm C02 20 0 and 30 0 C 330 ppm C02 200 400 600 800 frradianoe. Wm-2 (watts per square meter) 4. From the data in the graph, which of the following conclusions is most reasonable? A) The rate of photosynthesis is inversely proportional to light intensity. B) The rate of photosynthesis at 660 ppm COz is more dependent on temperature than the rate at 330 ppm COz C) Photosynthesis is unaffected by temperature. D) Attempts to increase the photosynthetic yield in field crops should involve the lowering of COz levels. 5. Which of the following seems most likely from the data? A) Light produces heat, which causes increases in the rate of photosynthesis. B) Increasing irradiance levels above 800 Wm- z would have less effect on the rate of photosynthesis than would increasing the COz concentration. C) The photosynthetic rate could be increased further by decreasing the COz concentration. D) The rate of photosynthesis at 25 Celsius and 660 ppm COz would be the same as that observed at 20 Celsius and 660 ppm COz 4
Narne: ID:A 6. If plants are grown for several days in an atmosphere containing carbon dioxide labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon (14C0 2 ) one would expect to find radioactive carbon (14C) in A) very small amounts in the growing leaves B) water molecules released from the stomates C) large amounts in starch stored in the roots D) oxygen molecules released from the stomates 7. Which of the following is an important difference between light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A) The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH; the light-independent reactions use stored energy in ATP and NADPH. B) The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytoplasm; the light-independent reactions occur in chloroplasts. C) The light-dependent reactions utilize CO 2 and H 2 0; the light-independent reactions produce CO2 and H 2 0. D) The light-dependent reactions depend on the presence of both photosystems I and II; the light-independent reactions require only photosystem 1. 5
Name: ID: A Question 8 STROMA Low H+ Concentration + : @'. H+ 8. The figure above can best assist in answering which of the following questions? A) How would increasing the concentration of oxygen affect the reduction of NADP+to form NADPH? B) What is the source of energy that drives the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain during the Calvin cycle? C) What effect do changes in temperature have on the ability of photosystems I and II to absorb light of different wavelengths? D) How would puncturing the thylakoid membrane so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma affect the functioning of ATP synthase? 9. In order to produce one molecule of glucose the Calvin cycle needs to be run through times. A) 2 B) 4 C) 3 D) 6 6
Name: ID: A 10. Which of the following statements is true concerning the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis and respiration? A) Photosynthesis involves only reductions; respiration, only oxidations. B) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is oxidized to form sugar; in respiration, sugar is reduced to form carbon dioxide. C) Photosynthesis involves only oxidations; respiration, only reductions. 0) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced to form sugar; in respiration, sugar is oxidized to form carbon dioxide. l1.aii of the following fates for sugar produced during photosynthesis are possible in a plant cell, EXCEPT A) it can be polymerized into starch and stored in the roots B) it can be catabolized to release energy C) it can be polymerized into polypeptide chains 0) it can be used to make the polysaccharide cellulose Questions 12-14 Use the picture below to answer the questions that follow. A 12. The structure responsible for maintaining homeostasis by regulating transport is: A) F B) G C) H 0) I 13. Chloroplasts have ATP synthase embedded in their membranes. Another structure containing ATP synthase is: A) A B) F C) G 0) H 14. Which of the following organelles would NOT be found in this cell? A) mitochondria B) smooth ER C) chloroplasts 0) a nucleus 7
Name: ID: A 15. Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? A) Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment to grow and reproduce. B) Only hetertrophs require oxygen for use during cellular respiration. C) Only autotrophs have mitochondria with double membranes. D) Only autotrophs can use inorganic compounds to synthesize organic compounds. 16. The primary function of the Calvin cycle is to A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide C) store energy from light in ATP and NADPH D) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide 17. Which of the following shows the anatomy of a leaf in the correct order from LARGEST to SMALLEST? A) Mesophyll Cell, Chloroplast, Thylakoid, Chlorophyll, Photosystem B) Mesophyll Cell, Thylakoid, Chloroplast, Photosystem, Chlorophyll C) Chloroplast, Thylakid, Mesophyll Cell, Photosystem, Chlorophyll D) Mesophyll Cell, Chloroplast, Thylakoid, Photosystem, Chlorophyll 18. Which of the following observations best supports the idea that prokaryotic photosynthetic pathways were the foundation of eukaryotic photosynthesis? A) Chloroplasts are found in both autotrophic prokaryotes and eukaryotes. B) Thylakoid membranes containing photosystems are found in both plants and photosynthetic bacteria. C) Infoldings of some bacterial plasma membranes function similarly to chloroplast membranes. D) Oxygen is produced by both plants and photosynthetic bacteria. 8
Name: ID: A Question 19 Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae (a photosynthetic protist) with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas of the algae illuminated by the red and blue light. 19. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? A) Bacteria released excess carbon dioxide when exposed to red and blue light. B) Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in temperature caused by red and blue light. C) Bacteria congregated in these areas because algae released the most oxygen when exposed to red and blue light. D) Bacteria have the highest rate of photosynthesis when exposed to red and blue light. 20. Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during A) photosynthesis. B) respiration. C) both photosynthesis and respiration. D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 21. Carbon dioxide (C02)is required for A) the light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 22. Which of the following statements best describes free energy capture by chemoautotrophs? A) Free energy captured from sunlight is used to fix C02 B) Free energy obtained by oxidizing carbon compounds is used to fix C02 C) Free energy captured from carbon compounds is used to fix CO2 D) Free energy obtained by oxidizing inorganic substances is used to fix C02 9
Narne: 10: A 23. Molecular oxygen (02) is a product of A) the light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 24. Where does the Calvin cycle take place? A) stroma of the chloroplast B) thylakoid membrane C) cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast D) chlorophyll molecule 25. Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis? A) NADPH ~ 02~ CO 2 B) H 2 0 ~ Photosystem II ~ NADPH C) NADPH ~ chlorophyll ~ Calvin cycle D) H 2 0 ~ photosystem I ~ photosystem II Free Response Questions Questions 26-27 are short free-response questions that should require about 6 minutes each to answer. Read each question carefully and write your response in the space provided. Answers must be written out. Outline form is not acceptable. It is important that you read each question completely before you begin to write. 26. In many ways, all organisms in a food web can be said to be solar-powered. The producer level of the food web is responsible for the transformation of the solar energy into a form that can be used by other living organisms. Disucss the role of green plants in transforming ultimately be used by heterotrophs (6 points). the Sun's energy into a form that can 27. ATP and GTP are primary sources of energy for biochemical reactions. Explain how chemiosmosis produces ATP (4 points). 10
ID: A ESSAY 26. ANS: 2006 B Version Question 4A In many ways, all organisms in a food web can be said to be solar-powered. The producer level of the food web is responsible for the transformation of the solar energy into a form that can be used by other living organisms. (a) Discuss the role of green plants in transforming the Sun's energy into a form that can ultimately be used by heterotrophs. (6 points maximum) Required (Student cannot earn the maximum of 6 points without earning these 3 points) Energy transformation (photosynthesis -> chemical energy/glucose/g3pi PGAL/starch/carbohydrate/chemical bonds) Chlorophyll or chloroplast required ("green pigment" not credited) Function of chlorophyll-lightlenergy capture concept Parts of photosynthesis (in context or with explanation) (3 points maximum) Photolysis (splitting of water)-oxygen and/or electrons released Chemiosmosis (or explanation) A TP production NADPH production/reduction Photosystems n and Iin correct order Calvin Cycle CO2 fixation Products of light-dependent reactions used in light-independent (dark) reactions 27. ANS: 20092B (b) Explain how chermosmosis produces ATP. (I point each, 3 points MAX) Electron transport. e.g., linked to proton pumps, coenzymes, NADH, etc. H+ pumped to one Side of the membrane, photosynthesis- inside thylakoid respiration- outside cristae Proton gradient established, has potential energy or capacity to do work ATP synthases or channel proteins generate ATP 2