Brief introduction to National Satellite Meteorological Center, CMA Jinsong Wang Deputy Director-General NSMC/CMA Rio de Janerio, Oct. 12-15, 10
Beijing Guangzhou Urumuqi Jiamusi 2 NSMC DPC@NSMC KIRUNA founded in 1971 Program planning for development of Chinese meteorological satellites; Development and construction of ground segment; Acquisition, process, dissemination of meteorological satellite data; Provision of nationwide services of satellite data, information and product; Space weather monitoring, forecast and services since 02.
Organizational Chart The highest leadership is the DM chaired by the director general, and supported by S&T Advisory Committee. Important matter (e.g. strategy for future development, personnel, budget) is discussed and decided by the DM. Directors Meeting Science and Technology Advisory Committee General Office (Secretary, Financial Planning, International Affairs) Office of Engineering Project Management Office of Personnel Office of Operation Management NSMC is made up of several organizational components which operate the satellites, provide data and information services, and conduct applied research. Office of System Development Office of Data Distribution and Service Office of Remote Sensing Information Service Office of Application and Research Office of Space Weather Office of Satellite Operation Control Beijing Ground Receiving Station Guangzhou Ground Receiving Station Urumuqi Ground Receiving Statinon Jiamusi Ground Receiving Station
Chinese Meteorological Satellite: FengYun Series FY 1A 1B 1C 1D Polar Series First Generation Geostationary Series FY First Generation 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E FY 3A 3B 3C 3F Second Generation Second Generation FY 4A 4B 4C 4F Polar Launch Leo Data Launch Data Geo Launch Geo Data Launch Data FY-1A FY-1A Sept. 7, 1988 Sept. 7, 1988 FY-2A FY-2A Jun. 10, 1997 Jun. 10, 1997 FY-1B FY-1B Sept. 3, 1990 Sept. 3, 1990 FY-2B FY-2B Jun. 25, 00 Jun. 25, 00 FY-1C FY-1C May 10, 1999 May 10, 1999 FY-2C FY-2C Oct. 18, 04 Oct. 18, 04 FY-1D FY-1D May 15, 02 May 15, 02 FY-2D FY-2D Dec. 8, 06 Dec. 8, 06 FY-3A FY-3A May 27, 08 May 27, 08 FY-2E FY-2E Dec. 23, 08 Dec. 23, 08 4
FengYun Polar Satellites: FY-1 Instruments: 10 chl. Visible and Infrared radiometer. Space Environment Monitor Transimission: HRPT: 1.3308Mbps (DB) GDPT: 1.3308Mbps No. Status Launch Druation FY-1A Exp. (dead) Sept.7, 1988 6 months FY-1B Exp. (dead) Sept.3, 1900 8 months FY-1C Op. (dead) May 10, 1999 >7 years FY-1D Op. (working) May 15, 02 >7 years
2nd Polar Generation : FY-3 ok 11 instruments Atmospheric sounding Microwave Imaging Ozone sounding Radiation budget for Earth system Spatial Resolution from Km to 250m Global data acquisition latency : 1.5 hours 6
FY-3 constellation FY-3 AM FY-3 PM FY-3 RM: Rainfall Measurement Satellite on-board Precipitation Radar Core instrument: Ku/Ka Radar Microwave Sounders: MWTS MWHS MWRI
FY-3 Launch schedule 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 FY-3B/PM FY-3C/AM FY-3D/PM FY-3E/AM FY-3F/ RM FY-3G/PM FY-3H/ RM FY-3I/AM
FengYun GEO. Satellites: FY-2 No. Pos. Status Launch FY-2A 105E Exp. (dead) Jun.10, 1997 FY-2B 105E Exp. (dead) Jun., 00 FY-2C 105E Op. (working) Oct.18, 04 FY-2D 86.5E Op. (working) Dec.8, 06 FY-2E 105E Op. (Stored) Dec.23,08 Platform: Spin stabilization Payload: 5 chl. VISSR Full Disc: every 30 min. at most FY-2E & FY-2D are working together to implement 15 min. interval obs. FY-2E takes over FC-2C in DEC., 09 FY-2D B: 86.5ºE FY-2E A: 105ºE
60min interval 30 min interval 15 min interval
Next GEO Generation : FY-4 4 main instruments Interferometric Infrared Sounder Multiple Channel Scanning Imager Lightning Mapper Solar X-EUV imaging telescope (not available on 1 st satellite) 11 13 14 15 17 19 FY-2F Working Time (4 years) FY-2G Working Time (4 years) FY-2H Working Time (4 years) FY-4A (Experimental) Working Time (5 years) FY-4B (Operational) Working Time (7 years) Prototype structure of FY-4A
FENGYUN GEO. Launch Schedule 1 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 FY-2F FY-2G FY-2H FY-4A FY-4B FY-4C
Road Map of FENGYUN Sats Development by Year 12FY-3C(Op) 11FY-2F 13FY-2G 14FY-3D(Op) 14FY-4A (R&D) 10FY-3B (R&D) 15FY-2F 08FY-2E 08FY-3A (R&D) 16FY-3E(Op) 16FY-RM(R&D) 17FY-4B (Op) 18FY-3F(Op) FY-RM2 19FY-4C(Op) 13
Applications Weather Climate Resource Disaster Environment
Natural disasters monitoring Tropical Cyclone in Atlantic Ocean Forest fire in Los. Angles Dust Storm in Australia Heavy Snow in China
Typhoon 3-D Structure
Products of Essential Climate Variables(ECVs) -defined by GCOS Global Cloud Detection Global Snow Cover Global Aerosol Distribution (monthly average) Sea Surface Temperature (5-day average) Global Geophysical Parameters derived from FY-3A satellite data 17
Cloud Products Cloud Amount High Cloud Amount Cloud Classification Cloud Phase
Earth radiation budget: The global energy balance is Important for the Earth s climate. ERB and SIM onboard FY-3A were designed to collect information about sunlight reaching the Earth, sunlight reflected by the Earth and heat released by the Earth into space.
Global Ozone Monitoring Global ozone total amount on July 18, 08 from TOU/FY-3A Evolution of ozone hole in antarctic from Aug.03,08 to Jan. 19, 09
Ice Shelf near the northeast of Greenland from FY-3A/MERSI The ice shelf with 341 km square near the north east of Greenland melted and broken within 1 month Influenced by the warm dilution of the Northern North Atlantic Ocean July 16, 08 to Aug. 17, 08
Data Sharing Long-term historic satellite data since 1984, over 600TB http://satellite.cma.gov.cn/eng (05-10) http://fy3.satellite.cma.gov.cn/arssen/ (09 - present)
DVB-S & CMACast More than 500 Middle Scale Data Utilization Stations More than 3000 user terminals More than 300 DVB-S users CMACast in GEONETCast EUMETCast CMACast NOAACast
Long term satellite climate dataset long term satellite climate dataset has being developed in NSMC, which are based on more than years satellite data, for examples: Precipitation Water Vapor (PMV) Outgoing Long wave Radiation (OLR) Cloud Mask (CLM) Land Surface Temperature (LST) Normalized Derived Vegetation Index (NDVI) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Snow Cover (SNC)
An Example: Snow Cover over China(1997-08) Example: Satellite Climate Dataset 1997.1 1998.1 1999.1 00.1 01.1 02.1 03.1 04.1 05.1 06.1 07.1 08.1
Jan.1989 Jan.1990 Jan.1991 Jan.1992 Jan.1993 Jan.1994 Jan.1995 Jan.1996 Jan.1997 Jan.1998 Jan.1999 Jan. 00 Jan.01 Jan.02 Jan.03 An example: Outgoing Long Wave Radiation(1989-03)
Tbb Bias Difference (AIRS-IASI) (K) Tbb Bias Difference (AIRS-IASI) (K) Data Calibration/Validation 5 4 3 2 1 0-1 -2-3 -4 FY-2C GSICS Double bias between AIRS and IASI @290K (DayTime) IR1 IR2-5 Nov/06 Jan/07 Mar/07 May/07 Jul/07 Sep/07 Dec/07 Feb/08 Apr/08 Jun/08 Aug/08 Oct/08 Dec/08 Feb/09 Apr/09 Jun/09 Aug/09 Oct/09 Dec/09 Mar/10 5 4 3 2 1 0-1 -2-3 -4 FY-2D GSICS Double bias between AIRS and IASI @290K (DayTime) IR1 IR2-5 Nov/06 Jan/07 Mar/07 May/07 Jul/07 Sep/07 Dec/07 Feb/08 Apr/08 Jun/08 Aug/08 Oct/08 Dec/08 Feb/09 Apr/09 Jun/09 Aug/09 Oct/09 Dec/09 Mar/10
International Cooperation
CMA & CEOS CMA s DunHuang Cal/Val site is one of the CEOS LandNet Reference Sites CMA recently participated the experiments in Tuz Gölü Lake organized by WGCV/IVOS
CMA recognizes Summary the human being is facing more and more severe challenging such as environment deterioration, and climate change, and deeper understandings of the Earth system are urgently needed for correct decisions; the spaceborne observations by satellites are one of our most important measures to comprehend the earth; dedicated in developing continuous operational meteorological satellite series and improving the application capabilities.
CMA appreciates CEOS more and more important role in coordinating global earth observations, and its plenteous achievements in satellite data acquisition and distribution, calibration and validation, as well as outreach and education. NSMC is willing to take part in CEOS activities as a member, to fulfill the obligations by the CEOS terms of reference, and together with other CEOS members to promote the earth observation from space for the benefit of the whole world.
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