AP Chemistry Syllabus Primary Text: Chemistry: The Central Science, 9 th Ed. Brown, Theodore L., H. Eugene Lemay, Jr., Bruce E Bursten, and Julia R. Burdge. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2003. ISBN 0-13-048450-4. Supplemental Text: The Princeton Review: Cracking the AP Chemistry Exam. Foglino, Paul. New York: Random House, Inc., 2006. (Students purchase a copy of this book and use it to review for their test at the end of each chapter of Chemistry: The Central Science.) ISBN 0-375-76527-1. A TI-83 Graphing calculator is used in this course. All labs are wet labs. A written lab report in a special lab notebook is required for each lab, and includes a complete purpose, procedure, data, calculations, and conclusions with an analysis of at least three sources of error. Several labs involve graphing. The actual hands-on lab time is included in this syllabus. Students are expected to do the lab report at home, and this makes the time spent on labs equal to one double period per week. (We are on block scheduling, so every class is the equivalent of a double period!) Students work in groups of two or three to complete the lab, and discuss their calculations and conclusions with their lab partners. The lab reports, however, must be written individually. Students practice released AP Chemistry Exam questions (Both Essay and Multiple Choice) for every topic listed. Tests are made directly from released questions and similar questions so that students are better prepared to take the AP Chemistry Exam. Students write corrections on the test questions they missed. For questions involving concepts they must explain the correct answer, and for math questions they must show all their work. This will prepare them to answer essay questions on the AP Chemistry Exam. Chemistry II Honors Companion Course, Fall Semester: Day: Topics: 1 Welcome, Review Ions from Chem. I 2-6 Atomic Structure: Isotopes, electron configurations and rules, orbital diagrams, paramagnetism, the 4 quantum numbers, calculation of energy released when electron changes energy levels, c= and E=h, history of the atom, de Broglie equation and matter waves, Heisenberg uncertainty principle 7 Ions Test, Practice old AP questions, Miss Mess demo (safety)
8 Atomic Structure Test 9 Lab Safety Day 10-12 Lab The synthesis and analysis of a potassium iron oxalato complex hydrated salt 13-17 Periodic Trends: Effective nuclear charge, atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy and exceptions, electron affinity and exceptions, electronegativity, practice writing essay questions for these topics 13-16 Percent water in a hydrate lab using the salt synthesized in the previous lab (done in between lecture notes). 18 Periodic Trends Test 19-22 Molecular Bonding: Covalent bonds, polarity, Lewis dot structures and exceptions, resonance, VSEPR theory, bond angles, hybridization 23 Molecular Bonding Test 24-27 Organic Chemistry: Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, cyclic hydrocarbons, functional groups (alcohols, carboxylic acids, halides, amines, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, esters), isomers 28 Solubility rules (solubility song), Begin IMF notes 29 Organic Chemistry Test 30-33 Intermolecular Forces: Ionic bonds, network covalent bonds, metallic bonds, dipole-dipole forces, London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonding, boiling point, viscosity, solubility (like dissolves like) 34 Lab Gravimetric Analysis of a Chloride Salt 35 Intermolecular Forces Test 36 Gravimetric Lab calculations Significant figures notes 37-43 Stoichiometry:
Dimensional analysis, conversions between moles, grams, liters, and particles, empirical and molecular formulas, combustion analysis, percent composition, grams of an element in a compound, avg. atomic mass 44 Stoichiometry Test 45-47 Predicting Products of Equations: Synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double displacement, combustion 48 Predicting Equations Test 49-50 Determination of chemical formula by ion exchange and redox titration. For the complex salt prepared previously, students will do a redox titration to determine the moles of oxalate, and will use an ion exchange column and an acid-base titration to determine the moles of potassium and iron in the salt. 51-56 Gas Laws: Kinetic-Molecular Theory, combined gas law, ideal gas law, Dalton s law of partial pressures, Graham s law, van der Waals equation, density, real vs ideal gases, gas law and stoichiometry problems, graphs, vacuum pump demos 57 Lab Molar Mass of Butane by Vapor Density. 58 Gas Laws Test 59 Wingate Demo Show (Dr. Dahm from Wingate University comes out to do chemistry demonstrations for my students each year.) 60-61 Lab Paper Chromatography (separation of cations), with examination of complex ions formed by the reaction of ammonia with copper and iron to make the copper ions visible and the iron ions more visible, and the reaction of nickel and dimethylglyoxime to make the nickel ions visible 62 Catch-up day 63-66 States of Matter: Phase diagrams, heating and cooling curves and calculations, concept of vapor pressure 67 Phase Diagrams and Heating and Cooling Curves Test 68-77 Thermochemistry: 1 st, 2 nd, and 3 rd laws of thermodynamics, state functions, standard state conditions, enthalpy and entropy, heat of formation, Hess s law, heat capacity, specific heat, Gibbs free energy, energy diagrams, catalysts, bond energy to estimate enthalpy
78-79 Lab Heat of Neutralization of NaOH and HCl 80 Thermochemistry Test 81 Catch-up day 82-85 Solutions: Molarity, molality, mole fraction, percent by mass, and conversions among these, four colligative properties and determination of molar mass 86 Solutions Test 87-88 Review 89-90 Exams AP Chemistry, Spring Semester: Day: Topic: 1 Calculation of molar mass by freezing point, boiling point, vapor pressure, and osmotic pressure 2 Lab Molar Mass by Freezing Point Depression. 3-7 Kinetics: Reaction mechanisms, rate laws, collision theory, rates and stoichiometry, Maxwell-Boltzman distribution, catalysts, graphs and equations of 0 th, 1 st, and 2 nd order reactions. Use of graphing calculator. 8-9 Lab Iodine Clock Reaction. 10 Kinetics Test 11-19 Equilibrium: Le Chatelier s Principle, equilibrium constants and equilibrium constant expressions, ICE charts, K c vs. K p, establishing equilibrium from either direction, Q vs. K, rate law k and equilibrium K, adding equations, K sp 20 Equilibrium Test 21-28 Acid-Base Equilibria: Arrhenius, BrØnsted-Lowry, and Lewis definitions, ph, K a and K b, percent ionization, weak vs. strong acids (lists and calculations), K w, acidic, basic, and neutral salts
26 Solubility Rules Quiz (short only 20 min. or so) 29 Acid-Base Test 30-32 Lab Ka of Acetic Acid. Students also prepare and standardize a NaOH solution. 33-39 Buffers and Titrations: Calculations with buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, titration curves, finding pk a from ph at the half-equivalence point, buffers (concept of adding a strong acid or base), polyprotic acids 40 Lab Buffers. Students qualitatively examine the effect of buffers, while also choosing the best indicator to use for their setup. Shortened lab report format. 41 Buffers and Titrations test 42-43 Synthesis and Analysis of Aspirin Lab 44-51 Electrochemistry: Oxidation numbers, half-reaction method for balancing equations (in both acidic and basic solutions), synonyms for voltage, voltaic cells, calculating cell potential, spontaneity, oxidizing and reducing agents, Nernst equation, electrolytic cells, voltage and equilibrium, concentration cells, current, electroplating, lemon battery 52 Lab Galvanic (or voltaic) Cells 53 Electrochemistry Test 54-55 Nuclear Chemistry: Half-life calculations, alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, positron emission, electron capture, fission and fusion, conversion of mass to energy 56 Field trip to Wingate University to do a lab K sp of a Slightly Soluble Salt. Includes serial dilutions, use of a centrifuge, use of a spectrophotometer and Beer s Law, and graphing on Microsoft Excel. All-day lab. 57 Review: Atomic Structure, Periodic Trends 58 Review: Bonding, Intermolecular Forces 59 Review: Stoichiometry 60 Review: Gas Laws, Phase Diagrams and Cooling Curves 61 Review: Kinetics, Thermochemistry
62 Review: Organic Chemistry, Predicting Products of Reactions 63 Review: Equilibrium, Ksp 64 Review: Acids, Bases, Buffers, and Titrations 65 Review: Electrochemistry, Nuclear Chemistry 66-70 Review: Practice old AP Chemistry Tests 71 AP Chemistry Test!!! 72-73 Celebration 74-75 Go over the Essay portion of this year s AP Chemistry Test 76-80 Lab Papermaking. Students design their own experiment and test different papers they have made from different materials. 81 Origami 82-83 Lab Tie-Dye (No lab report) 84 Lab Ice Cream (No lab report) 85-87 Lab Cleanup and Inventory 88 Lab Fire Extinguishers (No lab report) 89-90 Exams