Geography 101: The Basics
What is Geography? Geography is the study of the HUMAN and NON- HUMAN features of the Earth.! Geographers study where things are located why they are located in a specific place.! To do this, they study oceans, plants, landforms, countries, cities, people, and the Earth as a whole.
Why Study Geography? F
Where in the world? When you go on a trip, how do you know where you are going? Geographers use CARDINAL and INTERMEDIATE directions to locate points on the earth. What are the cardinal directions? What are the Intermediate directions?
Where in the world? This is a COMPASS ROSE and it is found on a map. It shows us directions. Draw the compass rose in your notes and label it.
Geography 101: Latitude & Longitude The Earth is almost a perfect SPHERE. That means it has a round shaped body. The Earth is divided into 4 sections, or HEMISPHERES, by 2 lines. The EQUATOR runs horizontally around the earth, and the PRIME MERIDIAN runs vertically around the earth.. This is a flat projection of the earth, which we ll learn about later this week.
Latitude The distance NORTH and SOUTH of the equator is called the latitude. To remember this think of LATITUDE being a LADDER that you climb up and down to measure. N Longitude The distance EAST and WEST of the Prime Meridian is called the Longitude. To remember this, think of LONGitude as a LONG rope that you have to swing around the earth on.. N W E W E S S
Geography 101: Latitude & Longitude Latitude and Longitude are both measured in units called DEGREES. When you look at a map, you will see a line every 20 degrees. Latitude and Longitude look like this when you write them down. These are degrees. They are marked N or S and E or W. (, ) Dont forget your parenthesis! Your numbers go here, don t forget a comma!
Now it s your turn! Work with the person directly beside you to complete the activity that you have glued into your notebook.! REMEMBER to follow the rules for working in groups so we are able to earn our FUN FRIDAY privileges! Stay on task! Talk only to your partner! Make sure not to disrupt others! Use your inside voice! Raise your hand if you need help!
Geography 101: The Basics
What did we learn yesterday?
Geography 101: The 5 Themes of Geography Geographers use 5 different themes when talking about, and studying, geography. Since we are geographers, we ll use them too! Location Place Region Movement Human-Environment Interaction
Location First we have to find out where a place is if we want to study it. That is why we use LOCATION! There are 2 types of LOCATION ABSOLUTE LOCATION & RELATIVE LOCATION Absolute Location describes a place s EXACT position on Earth by using latitude and longitude. Relative Location tells where a place is by describing what is around it. (Example: CMS is near the Sonic and the Walmart in Choctaw.
Absolute or Relative? Circle the Absolute Location, and put a Square around the relative location. (17 N, 15 E) Near the large tree. (89 N, 35 E) (14 N, 45 W) By the CVS (7 S, 1 W) East of Oklahoma City (25 S, 84 E) (30 N, 70 W) North of Ms. L s classroom North of Edmond (60 S, 13 E)
Place Place refers to a mix of human and non-human features at a given location. So you have to know the location in order to describe the place. Place is a description! It s all about the details.! What do people do for jobs? Where do people live? What do they eat? How do they live?
Region Region is an area with at least ONE unifying physical or human feature. They all have something in common! Some examples are climate, landforms, population, history, religion, etc. What are some regions that you can think of? How are they unified?
Movement Movement is the study of how people and things get from one place to another. This can also include ideas! Transportation, the movement of data through the Internet, going to school, buying food from the store and taking it home, making a bracelet and sending it to a penpal in another country, & the OKC thunder traveling to Dallas to play the Mavericks are all examples of movement. Why is it important to study movement?
Human-Environment Interaction Human-Environment Interaction sounds tricky, but it s really simple! It is all about how people affect their environment and how the environment affects people? How do people affect the environment? How can the environment affect people?
Now it s your turn! Work with the person directly beside you to complete the activity that you have glued into your notebook.! REMEMBER to follow the rules for working in groups so we are able to earn our FUN FRIDAY privileges! Stay on task! Talk only to your partner! Make sure not to disrupt others! Use your inside voice! Raise your hand if you need help!
Geography 101: The Basics
Why are maps important?
Draw me a map to your house.
What do good maps need? MAPS NEED DETAILS!
How to Read a Map Maps have different parts all of them are important! This is a Map! Duh, Mrs. Mosley. Title This tells you what the map is about! Inset Maps These are smaller maps located inside the big map! Compass ROse This shows you directions on a map. Key or Legend This explains symbols and shaking on a map
Types of Maps Physical Maps
Types of Maps Political Maps
Types of Maps Special Purpose Maps
Ways to Show Earth s Surface Maps Globes Satellite Images GIS