Q1. (a) John attaches a ball to a spring. The diagram below shows what happens.

Q1. (a) John attaches a ball to a spring. The diagram below shows what happens. (i) Which arrow shows the direction of the force of the ball on the spring? Tick the correct box. Which arrow shows the direction of the force of the spring on the ball? Tick the correct box. (b) The diagram below shows three metal balls attached to identical springs. Which ball is the heaviest? Write the letter.... Explain your answer....... Page 1 of 22

(c) John has another three identical springs. He puts a cube on each spring. Each cube has a different mass. The diagrams below show the springs before and after John added the cubes. Which cube is the heaviest? Write the letter.... Explain your answer....... maximum 6 marks Q2. (a) Tasha puts a small block of wood on a smooth surface. Page 2 of 22

She puts different forces on the block. The diagrams below show the size and direction of these forces. Will each block move to the left, to the right or stay still? Tick the correct box in each row. (i) forces on block moves moves to the to the stays left right still (iii) (iv) Page 3 of 22

(b) (i) Which piece of equipment should Tasha use to measure the forces on the block? Tick the correct box. Give the name of the equipment used to measure force.... maximum 6 marks Page 4 of 22

Q3. Sally pulls a sledge in the snow. (a) (i) Draw an arrow on the rope to show the direction of the force of the rope on the sledge. Label the arrow R. Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the force of gravity on the sledge. Label the arrow G. 2 marks (b) Force F is the friction between the sledge and the snow. Sally then pulled the sledge over a concrete path. Friction is less on snow than on concrete. Give the reason for this.... maximum 3 marks Page 5 of 22

Q4. The photographs below show pupils investigating the movement of objects on ramps. Plan an investigation into the factors affecting the movement of objects on ramps. You can use any objects and any surfaces you like, and any other equipment you need. In the box below, write a short draft of one question you could plan to investigate about the movement of objects on ramps. Use your draft to help you answer the following questions. (a) Give one factor you could change as you carry out your investigation (the independent variable)....... Page 6 of 22

(b) What factor would you observe or measure to collect your results (the dependent variable) and what equipment would you use to measure them? The factor I would observe or measure is...... The measuring equipment I would use is...... (c) Give one factor you should keep the same to make your test fair....... maximum 4 marks Q5. Ruth is investigating how much a piece of wood can bend. She hangs some masses on the end of the piece of wood and measures how far the wood has bent. (a) Give the name of the force which pulls the masses downwards.... Page 7 of 22

(b) The graph below shows Ruth s results. (i) Complete the graph by drawing a straight line of best fit. A mass of 350 g is hung on the piece of wood. How much does the wood bend?..... mm Maximum 3 marks Q6. The diagram shows four forces acting on a plane in flight. (a) Which arrow represents air resistance? Give the letter.... Page 8 of 22

(b) (i) When the plane is flying at a constant height, which two forces must be balanced? Give the letters.... and... When the plane is flying at a constant speed in the direction shown, which two forces must be balanced? Give the letters.... and... (c) (i) Just before take-off, the plane is speeding up along the ground. Which statement is true? Tick the correct box. Force B is zero. Force B is greater than force D. Force D is equal to force B. Force D is greater than force B. Which statement is true about the plane just as it leaves the ground? Tick the correct box. Force C is zero. Force C is greater than force A. Force A is equal to force C. Force A is greater than force C. maximum 5 marks Page 9 of 22

## Anil sits on a mat at the top of a helter-skelter and then slides down a chute around the outside. (a) (i) Name two of the forces acting on Anil as he slides from point A to point B. 1.... 2.... 2 marks As Anil slides from point A to point B, the forces acting on him are balanced. Describe Anil's speed when the forces acting on him are balanced.... (b) Anil goes back for a second go. This time he sits on a smooth cushion instead of a mat. He goes much faster on the cushion. Give the reason for this.... Page 10 of 22

(c) On his third go Anil lies back on the cushion with his arms by his side. What happens to his speed? Give the reason for your answer.......... 2 marks Maximum 6 marks Q8. The drawing below shows an astronaut in space. He has four small jets attached to his space suit. These jets produce forces on the astronaut in the directions A, B, C and D. (a) The drawing below shows the size and direction of four forces acting on the astronaut. Page 11 of 22

In which direction, A, B, C or D, will the astronaut move? Give the letter.... (b) The drawing below shows the size and direction of four different forces acting on the astronaut. What will happen to the astronaut when the jets produce these four forces?... Explain your answer....... Page 12 of 22

(c) The drawing below shows the size and direction of four different forces acting on the astronaut. Draw an arrow on the diagram below to show the direction in which he will move. maximum 4 marks ## Alison has a car. The part of each tyre in contact with the road is flattened. This is shown in the diagram. (a) When Alison gets into the car, the force on each tyre increases. What happens to the area of tyre in contact with the road?...... (b) There is a leak of air from one of the tyres, and the air pressure in the tyre falls. What happens to the area of the tyre in contact with the road?...... Page 13 of 22

(c) The weight of the car is 8400 N. Each tyre supports a weight of 2100 N. The pressure exerted by each tyre on the road is 20 N/cm 2. Calculate the area of each tyre in contact with the road.......cm 2 Alison goes for a drive on three different days. (d) Write the missing values in the table. 3 marks (e) Explain why the calculated car speeds are averages....... Maximum 7 marks Page 14 of 22

M1. (a) (i) if more than one box is ticked, award no mark if more than one box is ticked, award no mark (b) B accept the middle or second one any one from it hangs down the most accept the spring is wider apart it stretches the spring most accept it stretches more the spring is longer accept it stretched the longest this mark cannot be awarded if the response conflicts with the first part of (b) a comparative answer is required for the mark non-comparative answers such as it is long are insufficient (c) T accept the last one any one from the spring was pushed down the most amount accept it squashes more the cube pushed it down the most accept the spring is the tightest the spring is shorter accept it is shortest this mark cannot be awarded if the response conflicts with the first part of (c) a comparative answer is required for the mark non-comparative answers such as it is short are insufficient [6] Page 15 of 22

## (a) moves to moves to stays still the left the right (i) (iii) (iv) if more than one box is ticked in a row, award no mark for that row (b) (i) if more than one box is ticked, award no mark any one from newton meter accept spring balance forcemeter balance is insufficient newtons or N is insufficient meter is insufficient weighing scales is insufficient [6] M3. (a) (i) an arrow labelled R, to the right, drawn on the rope accept a labelled arrow to the right, drawn parallel to the rope an arrow labelled G, vertically downwards Page 16 of 22

(b) any one from snow is smoother snow is more slippery accept snow is slippery accept concrete or the path is rough snow is soft or concrete is hard are insufficient [3] M4. (a) any suitable independent variable such as the surface the angle of the slope the kind of object the size of the push accept specific variations in objects, such as, weight or mass or surface area or type of trainer sole or type of shoe (b) any suitable dependent variable such as the distance travelled the time to move down the ramp the force needed to start the object moving the angle of the ramp at which the object starts moving accept the time to reach a given point accept angle or height of ramp accept speed a dependent variable (DV) without an independent variable (IV) can gain credit Page 17 of 22

any appropriate equipment to measure the dependent variable such as ruler or metre rule stopwatch or timer or light gates newton meter protractor accept tape measure accept clock do not accept a measurement strategy if a DV is not given or is incorrect (c) any appropriate control variable such as the object used the angle of the slope the surface used the height of the ramp the length of the ramp accept distance travelled only give credit for a control variable which does not conflict with the suggested investigation [4] M5. (a) gravity or weight 1 (b) (i) accept any straight line which goes through or below both points A and B and through or above both points C and D the line does not have to extend to an axis 1 Page 18 of 22

11.5 accept any answer from 10.0 to 13.0 1 [3] M6. (a) B 1 (L5) (b) (i) A and C accept lift and weight answers may be in either order both letters are required for the mark 1 (L5) D and B accept A and C answers may be in either order both letters are required for the mark 1 (L5) (c) (i) Force D is greater than force B. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark Force A is greater than force C. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark 1 (L6) 1 (L6) [5] M7. (a) (i) any two from gravity or weight friction reaction accept upthrust air resistance accept drag do not accept centrifugal force or centripetal force or g- force 2 (L6) Page 19 of 22

any one from constant speed steady speed it stays the same accept it is the same or it does not change 1 (L6) (b) friction is less it is smoother or it is slippery are insufficient 1 (L5) (c) it increases accept he goes more quickly 1 (L6) because there is less air resistance or friction accept he is streamlined or aerodynamic 1 (L6) [6] M8. (a) A 1 (L5) (b) any one from he will remain stationary accept he floats he will continue moving at a constant speed accept nothing 1 (L6) any one from there is no net force the pairs of forces are equal accept all the forces cancel out accept they cancel each other out accept the forces are balanced the forces are equal is insufficient 1 (L6) (c) accept any arrow drawn going up and to the right 1 (L6) [4] Page 20 of 22

M9. (a) increases accept more gets flattened 1 (b) increases or gets bigger or larger 1 (c) 105 1 (d) 40 0.5 140 accept 30 minutes 1 1 1 (e) the speed of the car probably varies accept it stops and starts or it goes faster and slower 1 [7] Page 21 of 22

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Q1. The drawings below show eight different animals. not to scale (a) Put a around the two animals above that do not have a backbone. 2 marks (b) What are the names of two mammals above? 1... 2... (c) (i) What are the names of two reptiles above? 1... 2... Page 1 of 15

From the drawings, what is one feature that all reptiles have?... maximum 5 marks Q2. (a) The photograph below shows a team of dogs called huskies pulling a sledge across the ice. Huskies need to survive in a cold climate. They must be able to pull a heavy sledge for a long time each day. Which two features would a dog breeder look for when choosing huskies to breed from? Choose from the list of features below and give the reason for each choice. blue eyes fierce nature long tail thick fur short legs strong muscles 1. feature... reason...... 2. feature... reason...... Page 2 of 15

(b) The drawings below show three dogs. They all look different. (i) Which word describes the differences between these dogs? Tick the correct box. adaptation reproduction vaccination variation The drawing below shows a puppy. Dog C is the puppy's mother. Why does the puppy look like his mother? Tick the correct box. Information passed from the mother in an egg. Information passed from the mother in a sperm. Information passed from the mother in milk. Information passed from the mother in blood. Maximum 6 marks Page 3 of 15

Q3. Each of the animals in the drawings below belongs to a different group. (a) On the line beneath each drawing, write the name of the group the animal belongs to. Choose names from the list below. amphibians crustaceans insects mammals molluscs reptiles...... A B...... C D 4 marks (b) Which of the animals drawn above are invertebrates? Give the correct letters.... and... 2 marks Maximum 6 marks Page 4 of 15

Q4. A vet measured the body temperatures of a cat and a lizard at different room temperatures. She drew two graphs from her results. (a) The temperature of the room rises. What happens to the body temperatures of the lizard and the cat? (i) lizard cat (b) Each of the drawings below shows an animal from a different group. Page 5 of 15

(i) The cat s fur traps warm air next to its body. In the drawings above, which other animal can trap warm air next to its body? The cat is a mammal. Its body is covered with fur. Give one other fact about cats which shows they are mammals. (c) The five groups of vertebrates are: fish amphibians reptiles birds mammals (i) Which two groups have bodies covered with scales? 1... 2.... 2 marks Which two groups lay eggs in water? 1... 2.... 2 marks Maximum 8 marks Page 6 of 15

Q5. (a) Ruth put a piece of a different metal in each of four test tubes. She poured 10 cm 3 of hydrochloric acid onto each metal. Look at the diagrams above. (i) How do these show if a metal reacts with the acid?... On the lines below, put the four metals in the order of how strongly they react with the acid. most reactive......... least reactive... (b) Choose the name of a metal from the box below to answer each question. copper iron magnesium zinc (i) Which metal from the box is used for electrical wires?... Which metal from the box goes rusty?... maximum 4 marks Page 7 of 15

Q6. Indra collects samples of three gases. She carries out the following tests. 1. She adds a few drops of limewater to one test tube of each gas and shakes it. 2. She puts a burning splint (spill) into the other test tube of each gas. Complete each box in the table below to describe the results of her tests. If there is no effect, write no effect. gas effect of the gas on limewater effect of putting a burning splint into the gas carbon dioxide oxygen hydrogen Maximum 6 marks Page 8 of 15

Q7. A teacher designs a flow chart to show how to find the names of three gases. Complete the flow chart. 4 marks Page 9 of 15

M1. (a) accept dragonfly accept housefly if more than two animals are given, deduct one mark for each incorrect answer minimum mark zero accept one ring extending around both 2 (L3) (b) cat squirrel answers may be in either order both answers are required for the mark if more than two animals are given, award no mark (c) (i) lizard snake answers may be in either order both answers are required for the mark if more than two animals are given, award no mark (dry) scales accept scaly skin accept leathery eggs non-unique features of reptiles e.g. cold blooded or tail or eyes are insufficient [5] M2. (a) feature: strong muscles accept muscles reason: to pull a sledge or to carry a load feature: thick fur accept fur reason: to keep them warm or to trap air accept to insulate them do not accept to keep the cold out features may be in either order each reason must correspond to the correct feature Page 10 of 15

(b) (i) variation. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark information passed from the mother in an egg. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark [6] M3. (a) A: insects B: amphibians C: molluscs D: reptiles (b) A C answers may be in either order accept fly or insect accept snail or mollusc [6] M4. (a) (i) it goes up it stays the same Page 11 of 15

(b) (i) pigeon or bird any one from they give birth to live young accept they give birth or they do not lay eggs or babies grow inside the mothers they have mammary glands accept they have teats they produce milk accept they have ears on the outside of their bodies do not accept they are warm blooded (c) (i) answers may be in either order reptiles accept lizard fish accept trout answers may be in either order fish accept trout amphibians accept frog [8] M5. (a) (i) any one from bubbles fizzing accept effervescence gas is given off metal goes into solution or turns into a salt and there would be a rise in temperature are insufficient answers as they are not shown in the drawings Page 12 of 15

magnesium accept Mg zinc accept Zn iron accept Fe copper accept Cu answers must be in the correct order all four answers are required for the mark (b) (i) copper accept Cu iron accept Fe [4] M6. gas carbon dioxide oxygen effect of the gas on limewater * it goes milky or cloudy or white or murky * no effect effect of putting a burning splint into the gas * goes out * burns more brightly or flares up or burns quicker hydrogen * no effect * the gas lights or burns do not accept a box which is left blank, i.e. this does not imply no effect do not accept nothing in the right hand column do not accept relights or keeps burning or stays alight or explodes in the right hand column accept pops or squeaks or explodes in the right hand column 6 (L5) [6] Page 13 of 15

M7. 4 (L6) [4] - Page 14 of 15

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