Geology Topics Minerals

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Rocks can be big.

Rocks can be big. How big is this rock?

Rocks can be little

Used in buildings.

Rocks are inorganic (non-living)

Water can form a crystal structure when the atoms arrange themselves.

Structure of a Diamond

There are many crystal structures

Trigonal Part of Hexagonal.

Triclinic. (3 axis) 1 2 3

Tetragonal. (Three axes, two are equal in length, one is unequal.)

Who knows what this is?

Superman s Fortress of Solitude!

Activity! How many gemstones can the class name?

Birth Stones.

Iron Mine

Gold Mine

Diamond miners in Sierra Leone

This diamond mine in Siberia is the largest man-made hole in the world!

Ores ( and the atmosphere)

Activity! Learning to identify minerals. Try to identify the minerals by putting each sample next to the correct name on your paper. You may work in pairs. Use the pictures on the next slide

Mica Feldspar Quartz Pyrite Calcite Halite Gypsum

Mica Feldspar 7 2 Quartz Pyrite Calcite Halite 4 6 11 Gypsum 14

How did you figure out which mineral was which?

Physical Property: A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. What are some physical properties of these two substances? Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Physical Property: A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. That s one way! Gold is very soft another physical property Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Physical Property: A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Also, Gold leaves a gold color streak when you rub it on something Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Physical Property: A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. But Pyrite leaves a blackgreen streak (another physical property) Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Minerals have physical properties. The properties tell the difference between minerals.

Which letter represents something with high luster? A B

Answer! Letter A. The ball bearings are highly reflective. The table is dull. A B

Which picture shows a metallic mineral with high luster? A B

Answer! Letter B. A B

Let s try a hardness test Use the nail to scratch the Gypsum (#14) Then do the same thing to the Quartz (#5)

Color: Tells what atoms make up the mineral.

Hoot Hoot Did anybody Color: Tells what atoms make up the mineral. see me?

Streak Try Graphite first. (#13) What color do you expect? What is Graphite used for? Next, try Pyrite (#4).

Demonstration: Solubility in Acid!

Specific Gravity D=M/V

Activity! The physical and chemical properties of minerals. Luster: How light is reflected from a mineral. Metallic (shiny). or non-metallic (dull). Hardness: How easily a mineral can be scratched. Color: Tells what atoms make up the mineral. Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Key - Name Streak Luster Hardness Cl/Fr 1 Talc white NM 1-2 FR 2 Galena grey black M 3-4 CL 3 Quartz x NM 5 CL 4 Muscovite x NM 6 FR 5 Copper grey M (NM?) 2-3 FR 6 Pyrite green black M 6-7 FR 7 Biotite x M? 2-3 CL 8 Calcite x (white) NM 2-3 CL 9 Flourite x (white) M? 4-5 CL 10 Gypsum white NM 2 FR 11 Halite x NM 2-3 CL 12 Hematite black brown M 6-7 FR

End Geology Topics Minerals