TABLE OF CONTENTS EngrTEAMS Ecuadorian Fishermen Set up the first page of your EngrTEAMS notebook with a TABLE OF CONTENTS page. VOCABULARY On the next to last page, write Vocabulary across the top of the page. This is where we will write down any definitions to words that we have. Problem Scoping Lessons - Define and Learn: ON THE FIRST BLANK PAGE (right page) 1
SECTION 1 Engineers: What do engineers do? SECTION 1 Solve Problems: How do engineers solve problems? Vocabulary: Prototype: A testable representation of a solution Client: a person or team who asks engineers to design something to solve a problem End User: The people who end up actually using the design solution. 2
SECTION 2 Questions for client: What are at least 3 questions that you want to ask the client that will help you understand the problem better? Make sure to ask about all important aspects of the problem. SECTION 3 Answer each of the following questions on your own. ( My response ) Then in your teams, each person will share their response and discuss. Write your revised answer to the question based on your discussion with your team. ( Team response ) Questions for Client: SECTION 3 Client: Who is the client? My response: Team Response: 3
SECTION 3 Problem: What is the client s problem that needs a solution? Explain why this is important to solve. Use information from your client to support your reasons. My response: Team Response: SECTION 3 End-users: Who are the end-users? My response: Team Response: Vocabulary: Criteria: The requirements, or goals, of the designed solution. Constraints: The things that limit the design possibilities. 4
SECTION 3 Criteria: What will make the solution effective (criteria)? Use detailed information you have from the client. My response: Team Response: SECTION 3 Constraints: What will limit how you can solve the problem (constraints)? Use detailed information you have from the client. My response: Team Response: SECTION 3 What we need to learn: Think about the problem of cooking fish in a solar oven. In terms of being able to properly cook a fish using a cooker container in a solar oven, what are at least 2 things you need to learn in order to design a successful cooker container prototype? My response: Team Response: TABLE OF CONTENTS 2. Temperature and Heat Transfer (pg. #) 5
Consider the following: What is matter? What is matter made up of? What are the three main states of matter? SECTION 1 Particles: Draw particles in different states of matter. Solid Liquid Gas SECTION 1 How they move: Describe how particles move: In a solid: In a liquid: SECTION 1 Increasing temperature: What happens to the particles when the temperature increases? In a gas: 6
Vocabulary: EngrTEAMS Ecuadorian Fishermen Temperature: a measure of the average kinetic energy (KE) of particles of matter Thermal energy: the total amount, or sum, of kinetic energy in a substance; it depends on temp. and total # of particles Vocabulary: Heat: the thermal energy transferred from one object to another due to the temperature difference between the objects; energy is transferred from hotter objects to colder ones. 7
SECTION 2 SECTION 2 Temperature: Which block has the higher temperature? Why do you think so? Thermal Energy: Which block has more thermal energy? Why do you think so? SECTION 2 SECTION 2 Heat Transfer: Since the blocks are touching, there will be a transfer of thermal energy, or heat, from one to the other. Which direction will the heat transfer occur? Why do you think so? Temperature: Describe the heat transfer that would occur if you put Block 2 into a freezer, which has a temperature of 0. Why do you think so? 8
SECTION 3 Predict: What do you think will happen to the water and food coloring inside the plastic tub when the cup of boiling water is placed underneath? SECTION 3 Observe: What happens to the water and food coloring? Describe and/or draw your observations. SECTION 3 Explain: Why did this happen? SECTION 3 Identify: The process of heat transfer this represents is: 9
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3. Conduction (pg #) Section 1: Feeling Temperature: 1. What two objects did you feel? 2. What did they feel like? (which one felt colder and which felt warmer?) 3. Why do metals feel colder than items such as plastic, wood, or paper? Section 2: Conduction Lab: 4. What are the two materials your team received? 5. PREDICT: Two ice cubes will be placed on top of the materials. Which ice cube will melt first? 6. OBSERVE: Place one ice cube on top of each material. Record your observations. Section 2: Conduction Lab: 7. Draw a diagram showing each material with an ice cube on top. On the diagram, indicate the direction of heat transfer using arrows. Also, note which material transferred heat more quickly. 10
Section 2: Conduction Lab: 8. COLLECT DATA: Fill out the data table with the whole class s data. TEAM Material on which ice melted first 1 BRASS 2 COPPER 3 STEEL 4 BRASS 5 STEEL 6 ALUMINUM 7 COPPER Section 2: Conduction Lab: 9. ANALYZE DATA: What do you notice about the materials that melted ice more quickly? 10.EXPLAIN: Why did the ice melt faster on certain surfaces? 11.- 13. KEY TERMS: In Vocab Section Vocabulary: Conduction: The transfer of heat through a solid and into another solid, liquid, or gas. Conductor: A material that transfers heat quickly or easily. Vocabulary: Insulator: A material that does not transfer heat very easily. 11
Vocabulary: Conduction: the transfer of heat energy through a solid or from a solid to another solid, liquid, or gas. Conductor: a material that transfers heat by the process of conduction easily and quickly. Vocabulary: Insulator: a material that slows down the transfer of heat by the process of conduction. Examples include plastics, paper, and wood. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4. Heat Transfer through Radiation (pg#) Consider the following: What is radiation? How is radiation different from conduction and convection? What are some sources of radiation? 12
Intro to Radiation 1. Define Radiation Intro to Radiation 2. Describe and or draw what happens when light waves interact with a material that: a. Absorbs light: b. Reflects light: c. Transmits light: Intro to Radiation 3. PREDICT: Which of the materials will absorb electromagnetic radiation? Which will reflect it? Which will transmit it? Why? black construction paper white construction paper black felt white felt aluminum foil clear transparency sheet wooden sticks control (no material) Intro to Radiation 4. What material is the lid of your assigned cup? 13
Intro to Radiation 5. Collect data Time (minutes) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Temperature ( ) TABLE OF CONTENTS 6. Analyzing the Absorption Property of Materials (pg #) 6. Analyze Data: What is the overall temperature increase of your material? Section 1: GRAPH Section 2: 1. ANALYZE: What patterns do you observe in the lines of the graph? 2. COMPARE: What do you observe about the line graph of the black felt compared to the line graph of the white felt? 14
2nd Hour Section 2: 3. 8 LINE GRAPH: Make conclusions about how well materials absorb, reflect, and transmit electromagnetic radiation. Which material(s) transmitted electromagnetic radiation? Compare the white felt and black felt. Which absorbed more radiation? Compare the white paper and black paper. Which absorbed more radiation? In general, what absorbs more light: dark or light colored materials? What kinds of materials reflected more light? 2nd Hour 3rd Hour 15
Section 2: 3. 8 LINE GRAPH: Make conclusions about how well materials absorb, reflect, and transmit electromagnetic radiation. Which material(s) transmitted electromagnetic radiation? Compare the white felt and black felt. Which absorbed more radiation? Compare the white paper and black paper. Which absorbed more radiation? In general, what absorbs more light: dark or light colored materials? What kinds of materials reflected more light? 3rd Hour 4th Hour Section 2: 3. 8 LINE GRAPH: Make conclusions about how well materials absorb, reflect, and transmit electromagnetic radiation. Which material(s) transmitted electromagnetic radiation? Compare the white felt and black felt. Which absorbed more radiation? Compare the white paper and black paper. Which absorbed more radiation? In general, what absorbs more light: dark or light colored materials? What kinds of materials reflected more light? 16
4th Hour Section 2: 4. Think about your cooker container prototype. Based on the data analysis of the radiation lab, which material would you choose to use to transfer heat via radiation and why? TABLE OF CONTENTS 6. Getting to Know the Context (pg #) Review Temperature Thermal Energy Heat Convection Conduction Radiation 17
Consider the Following: How does the client want us to test our cooker container designs? What are some observations you made about the model agar fish? Section 1: Solar Oven In the classroom solar oven, how would heat be transferred to the cooker container through: 1. Convection? 2. Conduction? 3. Radiation? 4. Which of these processes of heat transfer do you think you will need to most carefully consider when you design your cooker container? Solar Oven Cross-Section Section 2 COMPARE: Describe the similarities and differences among the three processes of heat transfer: conduction,convection, and radiation. 18
TABLE OF CONTENTS 7. Exploring Materials and Planning (pg #). Section 1: Thermal Properties 1. Which materials will best transfer heat via conduction (i.e., are conductors)? Why do you think so? 2. Which materials will best block heat transfer via conduction (i.e., are insulators)? Why do you think so? 3. Which materials will best absorb radiation? Why do you think so? 4. Which materials will best reflect radiation? Why do you think so? 5. Which materials will best transmit radiation energy? Why do you think so? Individual Design Ideas Create three (3) individual designs. Include features, dimensions, and Materials used. 19
TABLE OF CONTENTS 8. Planning: Idea Selection and EBR (pg #). Section 1: PLEASE LEAVE TWO BLANK PAGES TO ATTACH TEAM EBR GRAPHICS Section 2: PROS AND CONS What are the pros and cons of each of your own solution ideas? Idea 1: Idea 2: Idea 3: 20
Example: Appearance of cooker container Section 2: WHY WE CHOSE OUR SOLUTION Which solution did your team choose and why? Provide evidence for your reason. 21