Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa 7 Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bd. 7 / Freshwater Flora of Central Europe, Vol. 7: Rhodophyta and Phaeophyceae Bearbeitet von Pertti Eloranta, Janina Kwandrans, Elsalore Kusel-Fetzmann 1. Auflage 2011. Buch. XII, 156 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 8274 2051 0 Format (B x L): 12,7 x 19 cm Gewicht: 318 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Chemie, Biowissenschaften, Agrarwissenschaften > Botanik schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.
Editor s Preface In today s world, in which scientists are evaluated based on Impact Factors and journal output, it has become increasingly difficult to devote efforts to monographs, the preparation of which requires time-consuming studies and decadeslong experience. Three outstanding scientists were recruited for the present volume. They combine expertise for the brown and red algae and accepted the challenge to prepare this monograph, situated at the crossroads between traditional and modern taxonomy. Such a publication can never be adequately remunerated, nor will it receive adequate acknowledgement in the latest evaluation schemes. It is, however, a work that will serve as a valuable resource worldwide and be consulted time and time again by many interested readers. This profound effort is destined to become a lasting contribution. It was an honor and pleasure for me to be entrusted with editing this volume and to work as a team with Janina Kwandrans, Pertti Eloranta and Elsalore Kusel- Fetzmann I thank you all! Michael Schagerl Responsible Editor
Preface to Part I, Rhodophyta The research activities on the freshwater rhodophytes in Europe have been rather sparse during recent decades. The group is small and plays no major role in evaluating and monitoring water quality as compared with diatoms or cyanoprokaryotes. Nonetheless, several freshwater rhodophyte taxa are included on the lists of threatened species in many countries. Man-made changes in aquatic environments are the main reasons for the disappearance of many rhodophyte species, especially in Central Europe. Many taxa preferentially inhabit small rivers and creeks with unpolluted waters, which today are mainly found in sparsely populated mountain areas. One reason for the scarce research on the freshwater red algae is the lack of suitable taxonomic literature. A case in point found in floristic inventories is common names like Batrachospermum moniliforme and Lemanea fluviatilis: they often indicate the occurrence of the mentioned genera but lack the proper identification down to the species level. The previous edition of the Süsswasserflora -series including rhodophytes dates back to 1925. Later, two more keys were published; one by Karol Starmach in the series of Polish Flora in 1977, and more recently another one by Shigeru Kumano in 2002. The numerous changes in the continuously developing taxonomy are evident in numerous synonymies and frequent species revisions. The traditional taxonomy based on morphometric characteristics has received new insights from gene sequencing, which also provides information about the phylogeny and relationships between the taxa. The authors would like to express their warmest thanks to many algologists of European countries for interesting samples, permissions to use their photos and support to collate literature on freshwater red algae in their countries. Our special thanks go to Roland Bengtsson from Sweden, Maria Aboal and Sergei Sabater from Spain, Hans-Rudolf Preisig from Switzerland, Frantisek Hindák from Slovakia, Brian Whitton and David John from Great Britain, Luc Ector from Luxemburg, Keve T. Kiss from Hungary and Jolanta Kostkevičienė from Lithuania. The Wl/ adysl / aw Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków is acknowledged for permission to use figures by Karol Starmach (1977). The authors are grateful to Ms Barbara Biernat for revising the English language in the introduction part and to Professor Dr. Michael Schagerl and to Dr. Michael Stachowitsch for polishing the English of the whole text. The final step of the book processing was carried out within the scientific project No. N N304 285937 supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Pertti Eloranta / Janina Kwandrans
Preface to Part II, Phaeophyceae The predominantly marine class brown algae (Phaeophyceae) is placed within the phylum Heterokontophyta (or more clearly defined Ochrophyta, Graham et Wilcox 2000, or photosynthetic Stramenopiles, Graham et al. 2009) and consists of 265 genera comprising about 2000 species. Zoospores and gametes are the only unicellular forms and show active movement; the vegetative stages are always multicellular. Phaeophyceae cover a wide size range from tiny taxa, recognizable only under a microscope, to huge seaweeds (kelps) that reach many metres in length. So-called kelp forests can be found in certain temperate coastal zones associated with nutrient-rich currents. Commonly, Phaeophyceae grow attached to rocks or other hard substrates in the intertidal and subtidal coastal zones of temperate, boreal and polar regions (Womersley 1987). From freshwater habitats, only 7 species (within 5 genera) have been described (Van den Hoek et al. 1995). These taxa are small, inconspicuous, with creeping or upright filaments, forming tiny cushions, tufts or flat crusts on stones. Some forms are endo- or epiphytic. Freshwater Phaeophyceae are easily overlooked, but may be common in fast-flowing rivers and along the rocky shores of lakes. Since Pascher (1925a), Bourrelly (1981) and Starmach (1977), no monographic revision of European freshwater Phaeophyceae has been published; Wehr (2003) revised this group for North America. The classification of brown algae is still based on morphological traits and life history, but molecular methods have already revealed a different picture of phylogenetic relationships compared to the traditional identification keys. Nonetheless, further work, especially for freshwater brown algae, is needed before phylogenetic relationships can be resolved (McCauley & Wehr 2007). This issue treats the species of freshwater brown algae, regardless of their final systematic position. Finally I wish to thank all who were helpful to me. Dr. Marieluise Weidinger many thanks for the electron microscopical photographs. Prof. Michael Schagerl many thanks for the layout of the photograph and drawing composites; Mag. Manuela Zinöcker thanks for adjusting the lettering of the tables. Prof. Michael Schagerl further many thanks for patient and critical checking and correction of the English manuscript. Thanks also to Doz. Michael Stachowitsch for final English proof reading. Prof. Dieter G. Müller, Konstanz, many thanks for the present of a living piece of the Australien Ectocarpus. I am very grateful to Dr. Akira Peters for interesting and valuable discussion. To my husband Dr. Hermann Kusel I am very thankful for far away excursions together to take samples of freshwater-phaeophyceae and for his patience with me at working with the algae. Elsalore Kusel-Fetzmann
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