Radionuclide Production with Cyclotrons 2.0 Proposal for a CHERNE Summer School 13th CHERNE Workshop Prof. Dr. Ulrich W. Scherer May 2017 Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences
Content 1. Introduction Motivation 2. Facility Layout Radiation Protection (Planning, Routine) 3. Target Design 4. Cyclotron and Target Operations 5. Summary Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences U.W. Scherer April 16 2
Motivation The demand of radiopharmaceuticals is increasing steadily. Besides of the classical organic isotopes i.e. 11 C, 13 N, 15 O, 18 F other metallic radionuclides e.g. 64 Cu, 89 Zr, 177 Lu, 213 Bi, 225 Ac are of increased interest but are not produced in most countries on a regular scale. Some radionuclides e.g. 68 Ga can be produced from radionuclide generators which are commercially available. This development lead to an increased number of radiopharmacists educated in.radiolabelling techniques, handling of automated synthesizers and the pharmaceutical production conditions. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences U.W. Scherer April 16 3
Motivation 2 There is a lack in graduates educated for cyclotron operations or radionuclide production. Targets for the standard radionuclides can be obtained commercially but some of them are not easily operated and maintained in a daily production routine. Moreover, targets for non-standard radionuclides need to be constructed and tested. Hence, there is the need of educating engineering and science students for these applications. We propose a CHERNE summer school covering relevant topics. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 4
Curriculum 1 Target Design The module starts with lecture and calculated problems on radionuclide production (theory of nuclear reactions to target design and operations, as well as radiochemistry and hot-atom chemistry) The design principles of targets for the production of standard and nonstandard are instructed by analysing target designs for existing targets and having the students doing design studies using model calculations (e.g. SRIM, COMSOL, MC ),, Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 5
Curriculum 2 Facility Layout Radiation Protection Planning Most of the facilities are planned from scratch in new buildings erected for that purpose. Radiation Protection issues should be integrated in the planning stages, e.g. the layout of the cyclotron and target vault(s). There are technical norms e.g. DIN 6871-1: Zyklotron-Anlagen für die Positronen-Emissions- Tomographie. Teil 1: Anforderungen an den baulichen Strahlenschutz DIN 6871-2: Zyklotron-Anlagen füŗ die Positronen-Emissions- Tomographie. Teil 2: Strahlenschutzlabyrinthe und Wanddurchführungen or similar regulations. MC calculations provide additional planning data. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 6
Curriculum 3 Facility Layout Radiation Protection Routines In the phase of operations Radiation Protection Routines have to be established and maintained. Best practice rules should be implemented in education covering e.g. access controls and interlocks survey measurements during scheduled operations and extraordinary situations control of the gaseous effluents protection during scheduled and emergency maintenance procedures for handling leakages of targets and pipelines to radiochemistry laboratories. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 7
Curriculum 4 Operations After theoretical introductions on design and operating principles of cyclotrons calculated and practical exercises to different aspects of cyclotron operations and radionuclide production are performed including the formal aspects. Radiation Protection is a permanent topic in all modules. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 8
Schedule (1) Monday, September 4 9:00-12:00 Introduction to the course, presentation of participants Lectures on: Principle of Radionuclide Production from Medical Cyclotrons, Radioactivity, Activation equation, Measurement of radioactivity 12:00-13:00 Lunch 13:00-14:00 Lecture on radiation protection (Including Radiation Protection Instructions) 14:00-17:00 Gamma-ray spectrometry lab: calibration of detectors, measurements of unknown samples Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 9
Schedule (2) Tuesday, September 5 9:00-12:00 visit of DKFZ cyclotron, including targets, setting up of target foil stacks (to be irradiated and shipped to Mannheim 12:00-13:00 lunch 14:00-17:00 lecture theory targetry, including simulation e.g. SRIM Wednesday, September 6 9:00-12:00 target design: window foils, cooling principles, calculation of certain cooling designs 12:00-13:00 lunch 13:00-17:00 measurement of irradiated target foils, data analysis, assembly of the excitation function, comparison with literature/model calculations 19:00- course dinner Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 10
Schedule (3) Thursday, September 7 9:00-12:00 Radiation Protection issues: shielding design, norms (gammas, neutrons) simulation by FLUKA(?) 12:00-13:00 lunch 13:00-17:00 Radiation protection issues (continued), organization, practical issues for irradiations and everything afterwards Friday, September 8 9:00-12:00 other issues, finalization of simulations, calculations, data analysis, may be principles of radiochemical separation? 12:00-13:00 lunch 13:00-17:00 course feedback, synthesis Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 11
Accomodation Could be provided in the Mannheim Youth Hostel (15 min walking distance) Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 12
Extra-curricular Activities Mannheim islocated in the center of the Rhein-Neckar Metropolitan Area which is not only well-known for its excellent educational institutions and industries but also for its rich cultural heritage and life. Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 13
Summary Intensive course for 6-8 participants from the CHERNE network 1 week duration in co-operation with the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Planned for September 4-8, 2017 Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Vorname Nachname [Kopf- Fußzeile] hh:mm t. Monat 200X 14
Thank you for your attention! Prof. Dr. Ulrich W. Scherer HS Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Faculty of Physical Chemistry and Radiochemistry Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10 D-68163 Mannheim u.scherer@hs-mannheim.de Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences U.W. Scherer April 16 15