Properties of Matter. Mrs. Lapierre Chemistry
What is a property? In chemistry, a property is what we use to distinguish between different types of matter. There are two types: Chemical. Physical.
Why do I care what a property is? The more properties we can identify for a substance, the better we know the nature of that substance. These properties can then help us model the substance and thus understand how this substance will behave under various conditions. http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/c101webnotes/matter-and-energy/properties.html
Chemical Properties Chemical properties change the chemical composition. Examples: heat of combustion. Reaction with water or other molecules/atoms. Changes in ph.
Physical Properties Physical properties DO NOT change the chemical composition. Examples: Color. Density. Hardness. Melting Point/Boiling Point/Freezing Point. Smell. Two types of physical properties are: extensive properties and intensive properties.
Extensive Properties Extensive properties depend on the amount of the substance is present. Examples: Volume. Mass. Length. Weight.
Intensive Properties Intensive properties are independent on the amount of the substance present (they don t care how much is there!) Examples: Color. Melting/Boiling/Freezing point. Luster. Malleability. Conductivity. ALL chemical properties are INTENSIVE!!!!!!!
Chemical Changes Chemical changes, produce a new substance and follow these steps: 1. One or more substances are used up (doesn t have to be completely). 2. One or more new substances are formed. 3. Energy is absorbed or released.
Physical Changes Physical changes DO NOT produce a new substance. Examples: Melting/Boiling/Freezing. Color. Energy is released or absorbed. A physical change can suggest that a chemical change has happened.
Quiz 1. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 2. Diamonds are capable of cutting glass. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 3. Water can be separated by electrolysis into hydrogen and oxygen. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 4. Vinegar will react with baking soda. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 5. Wood is burning. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 6. Sugar is capable of dissolving in water. a. This is a physical property. b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz 7. Dry ice, solid carbon dioxide, is sublimed at room temperature. a. This is a physical change. b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz 8. Salt is dissolved in water. a. This is a physical change. b. This is a chemical change
Quiz 10. Gasoline burns in the presence of oxygen. a. This is a physical change. b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz 11. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen. a. This is a physical change. b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz 9. Iron rusts in a damp environment. a. This is a physical change. b. This is a chemical change
Video Time The Properties Song - Mr. Edmonds
Mixtures Mixture: is the blend of two or more kinds of matter. Each type of matter retains its own identity and properties Two types: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous. Chumbler - Properties of Matter 22
Types of Mixtures Homogeneous: The same composition throughout. Also known as Solutions. Examples: Salt water, Acid solutions, Rubbing Alcohol (isopropanol) What are some other homogeneous mixtures? Chumbler - Properties of Matter 23
Types of Mixtures Heterogeneous: Not uniform throughout. Examples: Sand and water, oil and vinegar, milk What are some other Heterogeneous mixtures? Chumbler - Properties of Matter 24
Pure Substances Pure substance: has a fixed composition but differs from a mixture in the following ways: EVERY sample of the substance has exactly the same characteristic properties. EVERY sample of the substance has exactly the same composition. Pure substances are made up of only ONE element or ONE compound Chumbler - Properties of Matter 25
Laboratory Chemicals and Purity News Flash---- OH NO!!! Lab chemicals are treated as if they are pure; however, they will have some impurities. Chumbler - Properties of Matter 26