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STRUCTURED : 100 MARKS STRUKTUR : 100 MARKAH INSTRUCTION: This section consists of FIVE (5) structured questions. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN : Bahagian ini mengandungi LIMA (5) soalan berstruktur. Jawab semua soalan. QUESTION 1 (20 marks) SOALAN 1 (20 markah) An amount of 2.38 g magnesium was allowed to react with 25.0 cm 3 of 2.27 M hydrochloric acid, HCl at the temperature of 25 C and the pressure is 82.03 kpa according to the following equation, Mg + 2 HCl MgCl 2 + H 2 Satu kuantiti Magnesium berjisim 1.78 g telah bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik yang mempunyai kemolaran 2.27 M dan berisipadu 25.0 cm 3 pada suhu 25 C serta bertekanan 82.03 kpa berdasarkan persamaan di bawah, Mg + 2 HCl MgCl 2 + H 2 Determine the limiting and excess reactant in the reaction. Tentukan had bahan tindak balas di dalam tindak balas tersebut. Calculate the mass of H 2 gas produced. Kirakan jisim H 2 yang terhasil. [5 marks] [5 markah] 2 SULIT

(iv) Calculate the mass of excess reactant remained at the end of the reaction. Kirakan jisim lebihan hasil tindak balas yang kekal di akhir tindak balas. [3 marks] [3 markah] Determine the percentage yield if 0.044 g of H 2 is obtained from the experiment? Tentukan peratusan kadar hasil sekiranya 0.094 g H 2 terhasil daripada eksperimen tersebut. [3 marks] [3 markah] (v) If the hydrogen gas produced from the reaction was collected using water displacement method, calculate the volume of the hydrogen gas collected. Sekiranya gas hidrogen yang terhasil daripada tindak balas diperoleh dengan menggunakan kaedah penggantian air, kirakan isipadu gas hidrogen yang diperoleh. (vi) State the gas Law used in the reaction above. Nyatakan hukum gas yang digunakan dalam tindak balas di atas. [Ar: Mg = 24.3, H = 1, R = 0.0821 L.atm mol -1 K -1, 1 atm = 101.3 kpa] [JAR: Al = 27, H = 1, S = 32, O = 16, R = 0.0821 L.atm mol -1 K -1, 1 atm = 101.3 kpa] 3 SULIT

QUESTION 2 (20 marks) SOALAN 2 (20 markah) (a) Chromium, Cr is a transition element in d-block of the Periodic Table. The proton number of chromium is 24. Kromium, Cr merupakan unsur peralihan blok d dalam jadual berkala. Nombor proton bagi Kromium adalah 24. Write the actual electronic configuration of chromium. Tuliskan konfigurasi elektron bagi Kromium. CLO2 Identify the number of electrons of Cr with, Kenalpasti bilangan elektron Kromium melalui, (1) principal quantum number, n equals to 4. prinsip nombor kuantum, n sama dengan 4. (2) angular momentum quantum number, l equals to 0. nombor kuantum momentum bersudut, l sama dengan 0. (3) magnetic quantum number, m equals to +1. nombor kuantum bermagnet, m sama dengan +1. (4) l = 2, m = -3 l=2, m= -3 4 SULIT

Write the electronic configuration for neon. Then, give one positive and negative ion that have similar electronic configuration with neon. Tuliskan konfigurasi elektron bagi neon. Kemudian, berikan satu ion positif dan satu ion negatif yang mempunyai persamaan konfigurasi elektron dengan neon. [3 marks] [3 markah] [Ar; Ne = 10] [JAR: Ne = 10] (b) The elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table are as follow; Sodium magnesium aluminium silicon For each of the element, Unsur Kala 3 dalam jadual berkala adalah seperti di bawah; Natrium Magnesium Aluminium Silikon Bagi setiap unsur di atas, CLO 1 Write the formula of its oxide. Tuliskan formula oksidanya. CLO2 Classify the type of bonding presents in its oxides. Klasifikasikan jenis ikatan yang ditunjukkan oleh sifat oksidanya. Identify the acid-base character of its oxides. Kenalpasti sifat asid dan alkali bagi oksidanya. 5 SULIT

QUESTION 3 (20 marks) SOALAN 3 (20 markah) (a) A solution containing oxalate, C 2 O 2-4 ions was titrated with KMnO 4 solution in basic medium. C 2 O 2-4 ions were oxidized to CO 2 and MnO - 4 ions were reduced to Mn 2+ ions. 2- Satu larutan mengandungi ion oxalate, C 2 O 4 telah dititratkan dengan larutan KMnO 4 dalam medium alkali. Ion C 2 O 2-4 telah teroksida kepada CO 2 sementara ion MnO - 4 telah diturunkan kepada ion Mn 2+. Identify which compound is, Kenalpasti sebatian yang menjadi, (1) oxidizing agent Agen pengoksidaan (2) reducing agent Agen penurunan State the oxidation number of Manganese, Mn in the following compounds. Nyatakan nombor pengoksidaan bagi Mangan, Mn bagi sebatian di bawah: (1) KMnO 4 KMnO 4 (2) MnO 2 MnO 2 6 SULIT

Write a balanced redox equation for the titration above. Tuliskan persamaan redoks yang seimbang bagi proses penitratan tersebut. (b) In the extraction of sodium from molten sodium chloride, NaCl, a current is supplied in a specified duration. The electrode used is graphite electrode. Dalam satu proses pengekstrakan natrium daripada leburan natrium klorida, NaCl, satu bekalan kuasa telah dibekalkan dalam jangka masa yang tertentu. Elektrod yang digunakan ialah elektrod grafit. Draw and label the electrolytic cell for the extraction of sodium. Lukis dan labelkan sel elektrolitik untuk pengekstrakan natrium tersebut. Write the half-cell equation of the anode and cathode. Tuliskan persamaan tindak balas setengah di anod dan katod. (iv) Write the overall cell reaction equation. Tuliskan persamaan keseluruhan sel. Discuss two differences between a galvanic and an electrolytic cell. Nyatakan dua perbezaan antara sel galvani dan sel elektrolitik. 7 SULIT

(v) If electrolysis of molten NaCl is replaced by dilute NaCl, state the product formed at, Sekiranya elektrolisis leburan NaCl digantikan dengan cairan NaCl, nyatakan produk yang terhasil di, (1) anode anod (2) cathode katod 8 SULIT

QUESTION 4 (20 marks) SOALAN 4 (20 markah) (a) Nitric acid, HNO 3 is a strong acid which completely dissociates in aqueous solution. In a preparation of dilute HNO 3, 1.575 g HNO 3 is dissolved in a 500 ml solution. Asid nitrik, HNO 3, merupakan asid kuat yang tercerai dengan lengkap dalam larutan berair. Dalam penyediaan HNO 3 cair, 1.575 g HNO 3 telah dilarutkan dalam larutan yang berisipadu 500 ml. Write the dissociation equation for nitric acid. Tuliskan persamaan penceraian untuk asid nitric. Calculate the ph of the diluted solution. Kirakan ph untuk larutan cair tersebut. [5 marks] [5 markah] Give another TWO (2) examples of strong acid. Berikan DUA(2) contoh asid kuat yang lain. [A r ; H = 1, N = 14, O = 16 ] 9 SULIT

(b) The equilibrium reaction between nitrogen monoxide, oxygen gas and nitrogen dioxide gas is shown as below: 2 NO (g) + O 2 (g) 2NO 2 (g) Initially, a student places 0.077 mol of NO to mix with 0.125 mol of O 2 gas in a 1.0 L evacuated flask. When the system reaches equilibrium, the concentration of O 2 gas is found as 0.089 M. Tindak balas keseimbangan antara nitrogen monoksida, gas oksigen dan gas nitrogen dioksida telah ditunjukkan seperti di bawah: 2 NO (g) + O 2 (g) 2NO 2 (g) Pada peringkat permulaan, seorang pelajar meletakkan 0.077 mol NO untuk dicampurkan dengan 0.125 mol gas O2 di dalam 1.0 L kelalang kosong. Apabila sistem tersebut telah mencapai keseimbangan, kepekatan gas oksigen yang didapati ialah 0.089 M. Calculate the concentration of each gas at equilibrium. Kirakan kepekatan bagi setiap gas pada keseimbangan. Calculate the equilibrium constant, K c. Kirakan pemalar keseimbangannya, K c. [9 marks] [9 markah] [3 marks] [3 marks] 10 SULIT

QUESTION 5 (20 marks) SOALAN 5 (20 markah) (a) The structure of R compound is shown as below: H H Cl O CH 3 C = C C C - CH 3 OH Struktur sebatian R telah ditunjukkan seperti di bawah: H H Cl O CH 3 C = C C C - CH 3 OH CLO 1 CLO 1 Name the functional groups that exist in the R compound. Namakan kumpulan berfungsi yang terdapat dalam sebatian R. Draw and label the cis-trans isomer of R. Lukis dan labelkan isomer cis-trans sebatian R. CLO 1 (b) Draw the structures for the following compounds. Lukiskan struktur sebatian di bawah. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane 2-bromo-2-metilbutana 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene 2,3-dimetil-2-butena 11 SULIT

(iv) (iv) (v) 3,4-dimethyl-2-heptanol 3,4-dimetil-2-heptanol aniline aniline 2,2-dimethylpentane 2,2-dimetilpentana (c) The dehydration of 1-butanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid yields a mixture of alkenes according to the reaction below; H 3 C CH - C CH 3 conc. H 2 SO 4 A + B H OH heat Penyahidratan 1-butanol dalam asid sulfurik pekat menghasilkan satu campuran alkena berdasarkan tindak balas di bawah; H 3 C CH - C CH 3 conc. H 2 SO 4 A + B H OH heat Draw the alkene structures of A and B. Lukiskan struktur alkena untuk A dan B. 12 SULIT

Name alkene A and B. Namakan alkena A dan B. (iv) Identify the major and minor product of the reaction. Kenalpasti produk utama dan sampingan dalam tindak balas ini. State the rule applied in determining the major product. Nyatakan hukum untuk menentukan produk yang utama. SOALAN TAMAT 13 SULIT