The Periodic Table 1 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
The Periodic Table 2 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
The periodic table There are approximately 100 naturally occurring elements. All the known elements are shown in the periodic table. Can you spot any patterns in how the elements are arranged in the periodic table? 3 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Who invented the periodic table? 4 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Mendeleev and the periodic table 5 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
How are the elements arranged? 6 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Arranging the periodic table 7 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Arranging all the elements by their atomic number and their properties led to the creation of the periodic table.
Missing elements! In this periodic table the symbols are replaced by atomic numbers. Some of the numbers are missing where? Two more rows of elements fit here. They are called the lanthanides and actinides. 8 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Metals, non-metals and metalloids 1 9 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Metals are on the left and in the centre of the periodic table. Non-metals are located mostly on the right. Metalloids are located between metals and non-metals in the periodic table. Metalloids sometimes behave like metals and sometimes like non-metals.
Metals, non-metals and metalloids 2 10 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Columns of elements What are columns of elements called? 1 2 groups 3 4 5 6 7 0 11 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Rows of elements 12 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 What are rows of elements called? periods
The Periodic Table 13 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Complete the sentences 14 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
15 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Patterns: reactivity of metals What happens to the reactivity of metals along a period? What happens to the reactivity of metals down a group? Which is the most reactive metal?
Which metal is more reactive? 16 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Reacting with water 17 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Patterns: reactivity of non-metals 18 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Group 0 elements (noble gases) are the most unreactive of all elements. For the remaining non-metals, reactivity increases up a group and along a period from left to right. Which is the most reactive non-metal? very unreactive
Which non-metal is more reactive? 19 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Halogen reaction with iron wool 20 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
The Periodic Table 21 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Patterns, atomic number and electrons 22 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 The periodic table shows that patterns in the properties of elements are linked to atomic number. atomic number = number of protons number of protons = number of electrons atomic number = number of electrons Therefore, as atomic number increases by one, the number of electrons also increases by one. This means that the elements in the periodic table are also arranged in order of the number of electrons.
How are electrons arranged? 23 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Electrons are arranged in shells around an atom s nucleus. (The shells can also be called energy levels.) Each shell has a maximum number of electrons that it is able to hold. Electrons fill the shells nearest the nucleus first. 1 st shell holds a maximum of 2 electrons 2 nd shell holds a maximum of 8 electrons This electron arrangement is written as 2,8,8. 3 rd shell holds a maximum of 8 electrons
24 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Electrons in period 1 Elements in period 1 only have electrons in the first shell. Why are there only two elements in period 1? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 H He 1 2 The first shell can hold a maximum of two electrons, so period 1 only includes the elements hydrogen and helium. What is special about the outer shell of helium?
Electrons in period 2 25 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Elements in period 2 all have a complete first shell. What happens to electrons in the second shell in period 2? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 The second shell is filled across the period from left to right. What is special about the outer shell of neon?
Electrons in period 3 26 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Elements in period 3 have complete first and second shells. What happens to electrons in the third shell in period 3? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 2,8,1 2,8,2 2,8,3 2,8,4 2,8,5 2,8,6 2,8,7 2,8,8 The third shell is filled across the period from left to right. What is special about the outer shell of argon?
Patterns of electron arrangement 27 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Consider the electron arrangements of the first 20 elements in the periodic table. 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 2 3 4 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,8,1 2,8,2 2,8,3 2,8,4 2,8,5 2,8,6 2,8,7 2,8,8 2,8,8,1 2,8,8,2 What is the pattern of outer shell electrons in a group? What is the pattern of outer shell electrons across a period? What is the pattern of full electron shells in a group?
Electron trends in the periodic table 28 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Trends down a group: the number of outer shell electrons is the same the number of complete electron shells increases by one. The number of a group is the same as the number of electrons in the outer shell of elements in that group, except for group 0. Trends across a period: the number of outer shell electrons increases by one the number of complete electron shells stays the same. The point at which a new period starts is the point at which electrons begin to fill a new shell.
Electrons and groups 29 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Groups and periods 30 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
What s the electron arrangement? 31 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Names of groups in the periodic table 32 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
The Periodic Table 33 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Periodic table and electron structure 34 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Glossary 35 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Anagrams 36 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Multiple-choice quiz 37 of 37 Boardworks Ltd 2016