1 CENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE SYLLABUS FOR MDCA 1309 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANTS Semester Hours Credit: 3 Instructor: I. INTRODUCTION Office Hours: A. Course Description: Emphasis on structure and function of human cells, tissues, organs, and systems with overview of common pathophysiology. B. This is a required course in the Medical Coding and Billing certificate of completion and associate of applied science degree. The course may be used in the Medical Office Technology associate of applied science degree or Medical Documentation Specialist associate of applied science degree. You will be required to demonstrate proficiency in the skills learned in this course in the internship or clinical courses. C. This course in conjunction with other appropriate courses prepares students to enter the health related career fields. D. Alphanumeric coding used throughout this syllabus denotes integration of SCANS occupational competencies (C1, etc.) and foundation skills (F1, etc.). II. LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon successful completion of Anatomy and Physiology for Medical Assistants, the student will: A. Identify and correlate cells, tissues, organs, and systems of the human body (C1, C5, C6, C7, C8, F1, F2, F11, F12, F16). B. Differentiate normal from abnormal structure and function (C5, C6, C7, C8, F1, F2, F10, F11, F12). C. Differentiate all body systems, their organs, and relevant pathophysiology (C5, C6, C7, C8, F1, F2, F10, F11, F12, F16). III. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS A. Instructional Materials for this course may be found at www.ctcd.edu/books. B. Supplementary Materials: Medical dictionary AUGUST 1, 2017
IV. COURSE REQUIREMENTS A. Reading Assignments: To be successful in this course, you must read and study the textbook. Chapter assignments will be made with each lesson, and you are expected to complete all the work in the chapters including chapter review activities. Even though you may not be required to turn all work in for grading, you are still responsible for the material covered in the textbook exercises and website exercises. B. Class Assignments: Assignments may include a. Anatomy labeling exercises. b. Chapter review exercises. C. Multimedia Activities: Interactive companion websites or learning platforms that includes additional chapter-specific exercises. D. Class Performance: All work must be completed using a computer or word processor. Assignments must be turned in to the instructor by the due date. LATE WORK IS NOT ACCEPTED. Students enrolled in distance learning courses are expected to maintain constant progress throughout the course. Failure to do so may result in the student being administratively withdrawn by the instructor. V. EXAMINATIONS A. There will be exams (quizzes) to accompany the lessons of the course. These exams will cover information in the reading assignments, class assignments, and the multimedia activities. The majority of exam questions will be objective-type. B. Dates for completion of the lessons, including the quizzes, will be announced in the schedule provided in the online or classroom syllabus. VI. SEMESTER GRADE COMPUTATION A. Quizzes 20% B. Mindtap Assignments 20% C. Discussion Boards 20% D. Course project 20% E. Final Exam 20% 100% In order to receive a certificate of completion or associate of applied sciences degree from the Office Technology Department, you must earn a grade of C or better in this course. If you do not make at least a C, you may retake the course to achieve a grade of C or better. MDCA1309 2
VII. NOTES AND ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS A. Withdrawal from course: It is your responsibility as a student to officially drop a class if circumstances prevent attendance. Any student who desires to, or must, officially withdraw from a course after the first scheduled class meeting must file an Application for Withdrawal or an Application for Refund. The withdrawal form must be signed by the student. Application for Withdrawal will be accepted according to the following schedule Friday of 3 rd week for 5-week courses Friday of 4 th week for 6-week courses Friday of 6 th week for 8-week courses Friday of 7 th week for 10-week courses Friday of 9 th week for 12-week courses Friday of 12 th week for 16-week courses The equivalent date (75% of the semester) will be used for sessions of other lengths. The specific last day to withdraw is published each semester in the Schedule Bulletin. Students who officially withdraw will be awarded the grade of "W," provided the student's attendance and academic performance are satisfactory at the time of official withdrawal. Students must file a withdrawal application with the College before they may be considered for withdrawal. A student may not withdraw from a class for which the instructor has previously issued the student a grade of "F" or "FN" for nonattendance. B. An Administrative Withdrawal: Results when a student is absent an excessive number of times as defined in the current Central Texas College catalog and/or other published amendatory documentation. In such a case, the student is dropped from the course with a grade of F. Under Section 51.907 of the Texas Education Code, an institution of higher education may not permit a student to drop more than six courses, including any course a transfer student has dropped at another institution of higher education. This statute was enacted by the State of Texas in spring 2007 and applies to students who enroll in a public institution of higher education as first-time freshmen in fall 2007 or later. C. An Incomplete Grade: In keeping with College policy, the instructor may grant an incomplete grade in cases in which the student had completed the majority of the MDCA1309 3
course work, but because of extenuating circumstances, is unable to complete the requirement for the course. Prior approval from the instructor is required before the grade of IP is recorded. Deadline for changing the IP grade is 110 days after the scheduled end of the course. An IP grade can be replaced with the student s actual grade, including an F; but it may not be replaced with a W. At the end of the 110 calendar days if the student has not completed the remaining coursework as required by the instructor, the IP will be converted to an FI and appear as an F on the student s official transcript. D. Cellular Phones: Cellular phones will be turned off while the student is in the classroom or laboratory. E. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA): Disability Support Services provide services to students who have appropriate documentation of a disability. Students requiring accommodations for class are responsible for contacting the Office of Disability Support Services (DSS) located on the central campus. This service is available to all students, regardless of location. Explore the website at www.ctcd.edu/disability-support for further information. Reasonable accommodations will be given in accordance with the federal and state laws through the DSS office. F. Instructor Discretion: The instructor reserves the right of final decision in course requirements. G. Civility: Individuals are expected to be cognizant of what a constructive educational experience is and respectful of those participating in a learning environment. Failure to do so can result in disciplinary action up to and including expulsion. H. Scholastic Honesty: All students of the Office Technology program are required and expected to maintain the highest standards of scholastic honesty in the preparation of all work and in examinations. Each student should avoid: 1. Plagiarism: the taking of passages or ideas from writings of others without giving proper credit to the source. 2. Collusion: working together with another person in the preparation of work unless such joint preparation is specifically approved in advance by the instructor. 3. Cheating: giving or receiving information on an examination, homework, or projects. 4. Students found guilty of scholastic dishonesty are subject to the Office Technology Department s disciplinary action and Central Texas College s MDCA1309 4
VIII. disciplinary committee; in addition, students are subject to having credit for courses canceled. COURSE OUTLINE A. Lesson 1 2. Chapter 1: The Human Body a. Define the anatomic terms used to refer to the body in terms of directions and geometric planes. b. Describe the major cavities of the body and the organs they contain. c. Explain what a cell is. d. Describe the major functions of the four types of human tissue. e. List the major systems of the body, the organs they contain, and the functions of those systems. f. Define the terms anatomy and physiology. g. Define homeostasis. 3. Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life a. Define the structure of an atom and its component subatomic particles. b. List the major chemical elements found in living systems. c. Compare the differences between ionic and covalent bonding and how molecules formed by either ionic or covalent bonds react in water. d. Understand the basic chemical structure of water, carbon dioxide and oxygen gas, ammonia, the mineral salts, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the chemical compound ATP, and their role in living systems. e. Explain the difference between diffusion, osmosis, and active transport and their role in maintaining cellular structure and function. f. Define ph and its significance in the human body. g. Explain why water is so important to the body. h. Define the terms acid, base, and salt. i. Explain how the numbers on the ph scale relate to acidity and alkalinity. 4. Chapter 3: Cell Structure MDCA1309 5
a. Name the major contributors to the cell theory. b. State the principles of the modern cell theory. c. Explain the molecular structure of a cell membrane. d. Describe the structure and function of the following cellular organelles: nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, and centrioles. e. Explain the significance and process of protein synthesis. B. Lesson 2 2. Chapter 4: Cellular Metabolism and Reproduction: Mitosis and Meiosis a. Define metabolism. b. Describe the basic steps in glycolysis and indicate the major products and ATP production. c. Describe the Krebs citric acid cycle and its major products and ATP production. d. Describe the electron transport system and how ATP is produced. e. Compare glycolysis with anaerobic production of ATP in muscle cells and fermentation. f. Explain how other food compounds besides glucose are used as energy sources. g. Name the discoverers of the anatomy of the DNA molecule. h. Know the basic structure of the DNA molecule. i. Name the nitrogen base pairs and how they pair up in the DNA molecule. j. Define the stages of the cell cycle. k. Explain the significance of mitosis in the survival of the cell and growth in the human body. l. Understand the significance of meiosis as a reduction of the genetic material and for the formation of the sex cells. 3. Chapter 5: Tissues a. Classify epithelial tissue based on shape and arrangement and give examples. b. Name the types of glands in the body and give examples. MDCA1309 6
c. Name the functions of connective tissue. d. Compare epithelial tissue with connective tissue in terms of cell arrangement and interstitial materials. e. Name the three major types of connective tissue and give examples. f. List the functions of epithelial tissue. g. List the three types of muscle and describe their structure and function. h. Describe the anatomy of a neuron and the function of nervous tissue. 4. Chapter 6: The Integumentary System a. Name the layers of the epidermis. b. Define keratinization. c. Explain why there are skin color differences among people. d. Describe the anatomic parts of a hair. e. Compare the two kinds of glands in the skin based on structure and secretion. f. Explain why sweating is important to survival. g. Explain how the skin helps regulate body temperature. h. Name the functions of the skin. C. Lesson 3 2. Chapter 7: The Skeletal System a. Name the functions of the skeletal system. b. Name the two types of ossification. c. Describe why diet can affect bone development in children and bone maintenance in older adults. d. Describe the histology of compact bone. e. Define and give examples of bone markings. f. Name the cranial and facial bones. g. Name the bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton. 3. Chapter 8: The Articular System MDCA1309 7
a. Name and describe the three types of joints. b. Name examples of the two types of synarthroses joints. c. Name examples of the two types of amphiarthroses joints. d. Describe and give examples of the six types of diarthroses or synovial joints. e. Describe the capsular nature of a synovial joint. f. Describe the three types of bursae. g. Name some of the disorders of joints. h. Describe the possible movements at synovial joints. 4. Chapter 9: The Muscular System a. Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle. b. Describe and compare the basic differences between the anatomy of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. c. Explain the current concept of muscle contraction based on three factors: neuroelectrical, chemical, and energy sources. d. Define muscle tone and compare isotonic and isometric contractions. e. List factors that can cause muscles to malfunction, causing various disorders. f. Name and identify the location of major superficial muscles of the body. D. Lesson 4 2. Chapter 10: The Nervous System: Introduction, Spinal Cord, and Spinal Nerves a. Name the major subdivisions of the nervous system. b. Classify the different types of neuroglia cells. c. List the structural and functional classification of neurons. d. Explain how a neuron transmits a nerve impulse. e. Name the different types of neural tissues and their definitions. f. Describe the structure of the spinal cord. g. Name and number the spinal nerves. 3. Chapter 11: The Nervous System: The Brain, Cranial Nerves. Autonomic Nervous MDCA1309 8
System, and the Special Senses i. Learning Objectives a. List the principal parts of the brain. b. Name the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid. c. List the principal functions of the major parts of the brain. d. List the 12 cranial nerves and their functions. e. Name the parts of the autonomic nervous system and describe how it functions. f. Describe the basic anatomy of the sense organs and explain how they function. ii. Learning Activities g. Chapter Quiz h. Mindtap Activities E. Lesson 5 2. Chapter 12: The Endocrine System a. List the functions of hormones. b. Classify hormones into their major chemical categories. c. Describe how the hypothalamus of the brain controls the endocrine system. d. Name the endocrine glands and state where they are located. e. List the major hormones and their effects on the body. f. Discuss some of the major diseases of the endocrine system and their causes. 3. Chapter 13: The Blood a. Describe the functions of blood. b. Classify the different types of blood cells. c. Describe the anatomy of erythrocytes relative to their function. d. Compare the functions of the different leukocytes. e. Explain how and where blood cells are formed. f. Explain the clotting mechanism. g. Name the different blood groups. F. Lesson 6 MDCA1309 9
2. Chapter 14: The Cardiovascular Circulatory System a. Describe how the heart is positioned in the thoracic cavity. b. List and describe the layers of the heart wall. c. Name the chambers of the heart and their valves. d. Name the major vessels that enter and exit the heart. e. Describe blood flow through the heart. f. Explain how the conduction system of the heart controls proper blood flow. g. Describe the stages of a cardiac cycle. h. Compare the anatomy of a vein, artery, and capillary. i. Name the major blood circulatory routes. 3. Chapter 15: The Lymphatic Circulatory System a. Name the functions of the lymphatic system. b. Explain what lymph is and how it forms. c. Describe lymph flow through the body. d. Name the principal lymphatic trunks. e. Describe the functions of the tonsils and spleen. f. Explain the unique role the thymus gland plays as part of the lymphatic system. g. Describe the different types of immunity. h. Explain the difference between blood and lymphatic capillaries. i. Explain the difference between active immunity and passive immunity. j. Define an antigen and an antibody. G. Lesson 7 2. Chapter 16: Nutrition and the Digestive System a. List and describe the five basic activities of the digestive process. b. List the four layers or tunics of the walls of the digestive tract. c. Name the major and accessory organs of the digestive tract and their component anatomic parts. d. Explain the major digestive enzymes and how they function. e. Explain the functions of the liver. MDCA1309 10
f. Explain how absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine and how feces form in the large intestine. g. Name and describe the functions of the organs of the digestive tract. 3. Chapter 17: The Respiratory System a. Explain the function of the respiratory system. b. Name the organs of the system. c. Define the parts of the internal nose and their functions. d. Name the three areas of the pharynx and explain their anatomy. e. Name the cartilages and membranes of the larynx and how they function. f. Explain how the anatomy of the trachea prevents collapse during breathing and allows for esophageal expansion during swallowing. g. Explain what is meant by the term bronchial tree. h. Describe the structure and function of the lungs and pleura. i. Describe the overall process of gas exchange in the lungs and tissues. j. Define ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration. H. Lesson 8 2. Chapter 18: The Urinary System a. Define the functions of the urinary system. b. Name the external layers of the kidney. c. Define the following internal parts of the kidneys: cortex, medulla, medullary pyramids, renal papillae, renal columns, and major and minor calyces. d. Name the parts of a nephron and describe the flow of urine through this renal tubule. e. List the functions of the nephrons. f. Explain how urine flows down the ureters. g. Describe micturition and the role of stretch receptors in the bladder. h. Compare the length and course of the male urethra to the female urethra. i. Name the normal constituents of urine. MDCA1309 11
3. Chapter 19: The Reproduction System a. Name the internal parts of a testis. b. Explain the effects of testosterone on the male body. c. Describe the process of spermatogenesis. d. Follow the path of a sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the outside. e. Define semen and what glands contribute to its composition. f. Name the three parts of the male urethra. g. Describe the development of a follicle, before and after ovulation. h. Describe the process of oogenesis. i. Name the parts of the uterus. j. Name the external genitalia of the female. k. Describe the phases of the menstrual cycle. l. Describe lactation and the function of the mammary glands. m. Name the phases of labor. 4. Final Exam MDCA1309 12