Erosion and Deposition AGENTS, FORCES, AND RESULTS

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Erosion and Deposition AGENTS, FORCES, AND RESULTS

What Caused This? http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:water_erosion_ below_hay_bluff_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1074175.jpg http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:wind_erosion_ Seminole_Canyon.JPG http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:bave ntian_clay_beds_-_geograph.org.uk_- _1776748.jpg

What is Erosion? Erosion moving of rock material from one place to a new location Three processes must take place: detachment of particles (pieces must be broken off of the original rock) lifting them transporting (moving) them Agents of erosion: wind flowing water waves gravity glaciers

What does Erosion make? These processes make SAND! Sand consists of small pieces of rock that have been: weathered from a parent rock eroded deposited somewhere else

What Is Wind Erosion? Wind responsible for wearing away rocks and creating great deserts like the Sahara Desert and Gobi Most effective in moving loose material Main effects: 1. Wind causes small particles to be lifted and moved away. 2. Suspended particles may impact on solid objects causing erosion by abrasion (rubbing). Occurs in areas where there is not enough rainfall to support vegetation http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:wind_erosion_featu res_in_wadi_al-hitan.jpg

What Is Water Erosion? Water most influential force in erosion Moves materials Transports large objects with fast moving streams Wears away rocks: rivers lakes oceans http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:water_e rosion_below_scarsoch_bheag_- _geograph.org.uk_-_1367808.jpg

What Is Wave Erosion? Waves relentless pounding Erodes: softer/weaker rock first harder/more resistant left behind Can take over 100 years to erode a rock to sand Energy of waves and chemical content of the water erodes the rock off the coastline. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:wave_erosion,_downpatri ck_head_-_geograph.org.uk_-_369272.jpg

What Is Gravitational (uses force of gravity) Erosion? Mass movement downward movement of rock and sediments, mainly due to the force of gravity Streams and glaciers move material from higher to lower elevation Occurs continuously on all slopes» slow moving and sudden movement until equilibrium is reached http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:purbeck_,_old_har ry_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711962.jpg

What Is Glacial Erosion? Ice moves and carries rocks, grinding the rocks beneath the glacier Plucking occurs when water enters cracks under the glacier. freezing breaking off pieces of rock that are then carried by the glacier Abrade (abrasion) cuts into the rock under the glacier smoothing polishing the rock surface http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:ushaped_valley_at_the_head_of_leh_valley,_ladakh_(2).jpg

What is Deposition? Deposition laying down of sediment that has been transported (eroded) by a medium such as wind, water, or ice Process of erosion stops: when the moving particles fall out of the transporting medium and settle on a surface Speed of the medium slows or the resistance of the particles increases, as it slows down the particles drop this is deposition Speed can be reduced by large rocks, hills, vegetation, too.

Deposition - Wind Wind speed can be related to variations in heating and cooling. Transportation of particles in wind: Fine particles in suspension hundreds of km from its original source in the desert Heavier material may be blown along the ground. Material is deposited when the wind changes direction or loses its strength. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:desert_chihuahuan_big_bend.jpg

Deposition - Water Running water enters a large, fairly still body of water and its speed decreases. SPEED As the speed of the water decreases, the water's ability to carry sediment also decreases. Deposited in streams, rivers, and oceans: Running water deposits sediments where the slowing water can no longer move them. Largest particles are deposited near the shore. Increasingly smaller particles settle out farther from the shore where the water is calmer. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:enchanted_rock,_stream.jpg

Deposition - Ice Glacial flows of ice become slower when the ice begins melting Deposits left by glaciers: The deposits of these rivers look similar to normal river deposits and are called outwashes. Moraines are large chunks of broken rock left at the base and sides of the glacier as it melts and recedes. Finer material is carried in the rivers that form when the glacial ice melts. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:cavell_glacier_with_crevices_and_annual_rings.jpg

What s the Difference? WEATHERING Think of weather wearing rock down. EROSION Think of a road and traveling. DEPOSITION Think of depositing money into a bank.

Changes on Earth Weathering, erosion, and deposition are processes that work together to reshape the surface of the Earth.

Notes are complete! Put in binder and pull out your notebook.

Prepare your notebook: Again, you will record observations and answer the questions in your notebook. Do the exact same procedure as last time for setting up your notebook. First step In the table of contents, add today s date and the pages for stations 3 and 4. Second step next slide

Notebook page set up: Top of the page WED Lab (your title) The divide the page in half and title the top half Station 3 and the bottom half Station 4. Station 3 WED Lab Observations: *use scientific language and descriptive words! 1: 2: Questions: Page # Station 4 Observations:

Lab expectations: You will investigate the effects of erosion and deposition on the shape of the Earth in a station investigation. Station procedures and safety precautions: handle vinegar safely, blow gently on sand, so as not to scatter it around and possibly get it into someone s eyes. Remind students they will also need to wear safety goggles throughout the stations. Information on the disposal and cleanup of each station before rotation to a new station: Station 3 Pile sand and gravel back to the beginning end of the pan. Remove the large rocks so each group may place their own. Discard straw after use. Station 4 Dump sand, gravel, and water into the discard container. Do not pour down the sink because sand and gravel left behind in the water may clog the drain.

WED Lab Station 3 and 4

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