PREMIER EDUCATION SOCIETY S TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL AND [A.M.K.P. PRIMARY & PRE-PRIMARY] (IGCSE) STD. VI SCIENCE 2010-2011 REVISION SHEET 1 (Pages 15) EARTH, SUN AND MOON 1. Some children watched an eclipse of the Sun. During the eclipse, the Moon passed between the Sun and the Earth. It blocked out sunlight. (a) Amrik watched the eclipse. He knew that the Sun is much bigger than the Moon but they looked about the same size. Why did they look the same size? Tick the correct box. (b) Amrik s class measured the light level during the eclipse. The graph below shows their results. Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only..2
-2- Std. VI Science (i) At what time did the Moon block out most of the Sun s light? Use the graph to help you. am. (ii) What happened to the air temperature during the eclipse? Give the reason for your answer. 2. The diagram below shows the orbits of Neptune, Pluto and the Earth. At two points, A and B, the orbits of Neptune and Pluto cross over each other. (a) What force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun? 3. Lisa drew a picture of herself standing at four different positions on the Earth, A, B, C and D. a) (i) Draw an arrow at each of the four positions to show the direction of the force of gravity on Lisa. (ii) The drawing at position A shows Lisa holding a ball on a string. Draw the ball and string in positions B, C and D...3
(b) The drawing below shows: that the Earth goes round the Sun; that the Earth rotates on its axis. -3- Std. VI Science Choose from the list below to answer parts (i) and (ii). 60 seconds 60 minutes 24 hours 7 days 28 days 365 days (i) How long does it take for the Earth to go round the Sun once? (ii) How long does it take for the Earth to rotate on its axis once? 4. The diagram below shows the Earth, the Sun, the Moon and an artificial satellite. (a) Which letters, on the diagram, show the Earth, the Sun and the Moon? the Earth the Sun the Moon (b) Give one use of a satellite. (c) Which of the following is a source of light? Tick the correct box. the Earth the Sun the Moon a Satellite..4
-4- Std. VI Science (d) The curve shows the path of the Sun in the sky from sunrise to sunset in England one day in summer. (i) On the curve, mark the position of the Sun at 9.00 am. Label this point A. (ii) The Sun seemed to move from point B to point C. How many hours did this take? Tick the correct box. 2 hours 6 hours 4 hours 8 hours (e) On the diagram above, draw the path of the Sun from sunrise to sunset on a day in winter. 5. (a) In 2002 a large asteroid was discovered orbiting the Sun. It was named Quaoar. The diagram below shows Quaoar in four positions in its orbit. (i) In which of the four positions, A, B, C or D, is the effect of the Sun s gravity on Quaoar the greatest? Explain your answer. (ii) On the diagram above, draw arrows to show the direction of the Sun s gravity on Quaoar in each of the positions A, B, C and D. (iii) At which position, A, B, C or D, is Quaoar travelling most slowly? Explain your answer...5
-5- Std. VI Science (b) The table below gives information about three of the planets in our solar system. (i) The time for one orbit of the planet Neptune is 165 Earth years. Estimate the average distance of Neptune from the Sun. Use information in the table to help you. millions of km. (ii) How does the surface temperature of these planets vary with distance from the Sun? Use information in the table to help you. (iii) Explain why the temperature varies with distance from the Sun in this way. 6. (a) Alfie made a model of part of the solar system. He used metal balls for the Sun, the Moon and the planets. E goes around D. B, C, D, F and G go around A. Give the letter that is used to label: (i) the model Sun; (ii) the model Earth; (iii) the model Moon; (iv) the model planet with the largest orbit...6
-6- Std. VI Science (b) The bar chart shows the force of gravity on eight of the planets. (i) The gravity on Neptune is 12 N/kg. On the chart above, draw a bar for the planet Neptune. Use a ruler. (ii) Give the name of a planet where you would weigh more than you weigh on Earth. (iii) On which planet would a spaceship need the largest force to take off? 7. Each of the observations shown below has one explanation. Draw a line from each observation to the correct explanation...7
-7- Std. VI Science (b) Gravity is less on the Moon than on the Earth. Complete the sentences below to compare the weight and mass of an astronaut on the Moon and on the Earth. The weight of an astronaut on the Moon is the weight of the astronaut on the Earth. The mass of an astronaut on the Moon is the mass of the astronaut on the Earth. (c) The table below gives information about five planets. (i) Look at the information in the table. How does the time for a planet to orbit the Sun change with its distance from the Sun? (ii) Use information in the table to estimate the time for Mars to orbit the Sun. Earth-years. (d) The diagram below shows the path of a comet around the Sun. On the path of the comet below, place a letter X to show the position where the comet is travelling the fastest...8
-8- Std. VI Science 8. The diagram below shows part of the solar system. (a) Look at the diagram. Give the names of X and Y. X Y (b) It takes Jupiter much longer than Mars to complete one orbit. Give two reasons for this. 1._ 2._ (c) The diagram opposite also shows the orbit of a comet. In 1531, 1607 and 1683 scientists recorded that they had seen a comet in the sky. (i) Edmund Halley looked at these dates and suggested the scientists had all seen the same comet. Explain how he worked out that it was the same comet each time. (ii) The comet was last seen in 1986. Predict when it will be seen next. 9. (a) Sita made a model of three parts of the solar system, the Sun, Earth and Moon. She used a marble, a torch and a tennis ball. Draw a line from each part of the solar system to the object she used. Draw only three lines...9
-9- Std. VI Science (b) The table below shows the order of some of the planets in our solar system. Complete the table to show the positions of the Earth, Neptune and the Sun. (c) The diagram shows a satellite in orbit around the Earth. (i) Give one use of a satellite. (ii) Which force keeps the satellite in orbit around the Earth? Tick the correct box. gravity air resistance friction magnetism..10
-10- Std. VI Science 10. The drawing below shows a space buggy on the surface of Mars. The weight of the buggy was 105 N on Earth and 40 N on Mars. Why was the weight of the buggy less on Mars than on Earth? 11. (a) A long time ago, people thought that the Earth was flat. Now we know that planet Earth is not flat. What shape is planet Earth? (b) A long time ago, scientists had different ideas about the Sun and Earth. Now we know that only some of their ideas are true. Tick ONE box in each row on the table below to say whether each idea or false. the is true..11
-11- Std. VI Science 12. Kate and Ashur are finding out about the Earth, Sun and Moon. They decide to investigate how shadows change at different times of the day. Kate measures the length of Ashur s shadow. They repeat their test at two other times of the day. Draw THREE lines to match each time of day to the correct length of shadow. (b) Tick ONE box to show why shadows change length during the day. (c) The Moon does not give out light of its own. It reflects light from the Sun. Tick ONE box to show which sentence below is evidence that the Moon does not give out its own light...12
-12- Std. VI Science (d) Draw TWO arrows on the diagram below to show the direction the light travels so that a person on the Earth can see the Moon. 13. Newton realised that the force which made the apple fall to the ground also causes the Earth to orbit the Sun. (i) Name the force that causes the Earth to orbit the Sun. (ii) How long does the Earth take to orbit the Sun once? (iii) How does the Earth move to cause day and night? 14. (a) Martin is making a model of the Earth, Sun and Moon. He collects some objects that can be used to model the Earth, Sun and Moon. Write Earth, Sun and Moon in the table below to show what each object should model...13
-13- Std. VI Science (b) What shape are the Earth, Sun and Moon in space? (c) Martin uses his model to show what causes day and night. How can Martin show what causes day and night using his model? Tick ONE box. (d) Complete the sentence below about the Moon s orbit. The Moon orbits the Earth once every (e) Martin shines a torch on a globe. It models the Sun shining on the Earth. Estimate what time of day it would be on the Earth at place A. Places B and C have been done for you. 15. (a) Alex looks at a tree on a sunny day. Tick ONE box to show where the Sun was when it caused this shadow of the tree...14
-14- Std. VI Science (b) Explain why a shadow forms behind the tree. (c) Alex looks at the shadow of the tree at different times of the day. He observes that the shadow is in a different position each time. The position of the shadow changes because the Sun appears to move the sky. across Tick ONE box to explain why the Sun appears to move across the sky each day. (d) Alex looks at the tree s shadow every two hours. He draws the position of the shadows on the ground. The diagram below shows his results. At 8pm there is no shadow of the tree on the ground. Why is there no shadow of the tree on the ground at 8pm? (e) Use Alex s diagram to estimate what time the shadow was pointing north. pm 16. (a) The picture below shows a model of the Earth, Moon and Sun...15
-15- Std. VI Science Tick ONE box to show the shape of the Earth, Moon and Sun in space. (b) Complete the sentences below by writing Earth, Moon or Sun. The is a source of light. The orbits the Sun. The has an orbit of 28 days. (c) The diagram below shows the model of the Earth, Moon and Sun. On the diagram, shade in the part of the Earth where it is night. (d) Describe how the Earth moves to cause day and night. *************