Searches for New Physics

Searches for New Physics (Non-SUSY) Gustaaf Brooijmans For the ATLAS, CDF and CMS Collaborations Rencontres du Vietnam 013, ICISE Inaugural Conference 1

Outline There is a Higgs! Are we done? New Physics close to top quarks Vector-like quarks coupling to 3 rd generation New Physics close to W, Z bosons Z, W, ρtc, GRS,... Vector-like quarks coupling to 1 st & nd generations Excited quarks for benchmarks Dark Matter Very weakly coupled

New Physics? Could this be it? 3

New Physics? Standard Model is a theory of interactions 4

New Physics? Where do fermion properties come from? Standard Model is a theory of interactions 5

Furthermore Clear structure in fermionic sector unexplained Evidence of (a) selective principle(s) (why are there e.g. no neutral colored fermions?) Proton stability, running of couplings suggestive of at least one other scale relevant to SM particles, ~ 15(?) GeV (Neutrino masses and see-saw for another?) 6

Higgs Mass Higgs acquires mass from coupling to W s, fermions, and itself! These mass terms are quadratically divergent Drive Higgs mass to limit of validity of the theory We expect the Higgs mass to be close to the scale where new physics comes in... 7

Higgs Mass Candidate #1! 8

Singlets, Doublets,... Chiral 4th generation ~excluded Vector-like top partners less constrained... Opens up decay modes Top partner partners: T5/3 B Y-4/3... Rich set of signatures Lots of 3rd generation 9

Charge 5/3 Same-sign dileptons! g g BR (pb) σ - -3-4 g T 5/3 T 5/3 CMS-PAS-BG-01 W + W l + ν t t W + W q l + ν b b q q q CMS Preliminary 19.6 fb at s = 8 TeV Observed Limit Expected Limit Expected Limit ± 1σ Expected Limit ± σ Signal Cross-Section 550 600650 700 750 800850 900 95000 M T53 (GeV) Events Events 4 3 1 CMS Preliminary 19.6 fb at s = 8 TeV ee+eµ+µµ Data ZZ ± W W ± WWW ttw ttww ttz WZ Charge MisID Non-prompt T53 (600 GeV) 0 50 0 150 00 50 300 350 400 450 Leading lepton p [GeV/c] T 4 3 1 CMS Preliminary 19.6 fb at s = 8 TeV ee+eµ+µµ Data ZZ ± W W ± WWW ttw ttww ttz WZ Charge MisID Non-prompt T53 (600 GeV) 0 00 400 600 800 00 100 1400 1600 1800 000 [GeV] (HT everything but MET) H T j, but before final cuts (on Ncon, HT)

W s Can Be Light T Wb with m T ~600 GeV W will be boosted, and if decays hadronically single jet ATLAS-CONF-013-060 Dijet W Monojet W W-jet 11

Wb versus Ht T Wb yields the same final state as t Wb Need good discriminant, e.g. reconstruct T mass ATLAS-CONF-013-060 l+jets T Wb 1

Wb versus Ht T Wb yields the same final state as t Wb Need good discriminant, e.g. reconstruct T mass T Ht: thx, so WbbbX (with X producing 1 b) ATLAS-CONF-013-060 l+jets ATLAS-CONF-013-018 l+jets T Wb T Ht (HT everything) 13

Wb versus Ht T Wb yields the same final state as t Wb Need good discriminant, e.g. reconstruct T mass T Ht: thx, so WbbbX (with X producing 1 b) ATLAS-CONF-013-060 l+jets T Wb 14

Wb versus Ht T Wb yields the same final state as t Wb Need good discriminant, e.g. reconstruct T mass T Ht: thx, so WbbbX (with X producing 1 b) ATLAS-CONF-013-018 T Ht 15

Closing the Triangle: Zt Opportunity to be more inclusive: Z + b-jets also produced by B Zb Require b-tags (1-tag control region), a high-p T Z (ee or μμ), large H T (jets) ATLAS-CONF-013-056 16

All Together Now: T 17

All Together Now: B 18

Fully Inclusive T Wb, Zt, Ht all produce b-quarks and W s Require at least one leptonic W decay Single lepton: count number of W-jets and top-jets, use BDTs Multilepton: OS (on- and off-z) and SS dilepton, trilepton categories (all with b-tag) Require high H T (jets), ST, (min(mlb)); use counting experiments Events/5 GeV 4 3 CMS preliminary s = 8 TeV 19.6 fb data Drell Yan single top tt CMS-PAS-BG-015 uncertainty OS dileptons T T (800 GeV) 0 (ST everything) Pull 1 min(m ) [GeV] lb - 0 0 00 300 400 500 600 min(m ) [GeV] lb 19

Result CMS-PAS-BG-015 Lowest point: 687 GeV 0

No Top/Bottom Signal? Candidate #! 1

No Top/Bottom Signal? New resonances related to W/Z frequent BSM feature Parity restoration (if mass is EWK-scale...) Sign of extra dimensions Vector-like quarks that also couple to 1 st and nd generations Or just a hint of compositeness/excitations AdS 5 G Planck brane SM brane (W or Z-like) x 5 Drawing by G. Landsberg (qv, V = γ,w,z,g) (Decays with W and/or Z)

Di-Tau Resonances Hadronically decaying taus particularly challenging Basically few-π jets Use BDT-based τ-identification Few-π QCD jets less frequent at high p T Require high p T candidates (150 and 50 GeV) ATLAS-CONF-013-066 Dielectron and dimuon: limit at.8 TeV 3

Technicolor-Inspired Strongly-coupled EWSB offers a nice solution to the hierarchy problem Difficult to generate fermion masses and satisfy precision EWK constraints... (Pseudo-)scalar composites but also vectors, strongly coupled to W, Z CDF evidence in ρ TC WπTC (i.e. Wjj) now a thing of the past: Separate quark and gluon jet energy scale Refined multijet estimate in ejj CDF Public Note 4

Still an interesting scenario however, in a difficult final state Understanding W+jets and Z+jets is crucial to many topics! Sensitivity (to new physics) at ~pb level Incl. Wjj pt (W) > 50GeV central jets ATLAS-CONF-013-074 5

Decays to WZ Fully leptonic mode very clean CMS-PAS-EXO-05 W'WZ coupling 1 CMS Preliminary 01 Obs. 95% C.L. Exp. 95% C.L. Exp. ± 1σ Exp. ± σ SSM W'WZ coupling s = 8 TeV L dt = 19.6 fb 500 00 1500 000 M(W') (GeV) 6

Less Targeted At hadron colliders, leptons are gold Don t really need a model to optimize trilepton search Dilepton tt CR 3e/μ on-z SR ATLAS-CONF-013-070 7

Less Targeted At hadron colliders, leptons are gold Don t really need a model to optimize trilepton search Dilepton tt CR 3e/μ on-z SR ATLAS-CONF-013-070 Fiducial limits (σvis) given, and prescription to evaluate limits for your favorite model 8

Hadronic W, Z Looking at hadronic decays allows inclusive search for vector-like quarks, excited quarks, diboson resonances in dijet channel W s and Z s can be light... Tag using jet mass Events 00 000 1800 1600 1400 100 00 800 600 400 00 3 CMS-PAS-EXO-04 q* (1.5 TeV) -> qw ( 406) Pythia Z* q* (1.5 TeV) -> qz ( 1170) Pythia Z* (1.5 TeV) -> WW ( 38600) Herwig++ G RS (1.5 TeV) -> ZZ ( 78500) Herwig++ G RS W' ( 1.5 TeV ) -> WZ ( 580) Pythia Z* CMS Preliminary(19.8 fb ) s = 8 TeV CA pruned R=0.8 Untagged data QCD Pythia Z* QCD Herwig++ 0 0 50 0 150 00 Jet Mass (GeV) ) Events / (5 GeV/c 1800 1600 1400 100 00 800 600 400 00 CMS Preliminary, _ Proof of principle: W and top jets in tt events! s = 8 TeV, 19.6 fb DATA m W MC m W = 84.3 ± 0.3 GeV/c = 83.7 ± 0. GeV/c Data tt W+Jets Non-W MJ Z+jets Single Top Data fit MC fit 0 0 0 40 60 80 0 10 140 160 180 00 Hadronic W Jet Mass (GeV/c ) ) Events / ( GeV/c 140 10 0 80 60 40 0 CMS Preliminary, s = 8 TeV, 19.6 fb CMS-PAS-BG-005 Data 0 0 0 00 300 400 500 600 Top Candidate Jet Mass (GeV/c tt W+Jets Z+Jets Single Top ) 9

Hadronic W, Z Overview: Jet-Algorithms Looking at hadronic decays allows inclusive search for vector-like quarks, excited quarks, diboson resonances in dijet channel W s and Z s can be light... Tag using jet mass, structure: is energy distribution isotropic or not? cone-type ma ene insi η Decompose cluster-type clus nea neig 30

Hadronic W, Z Looking at hadronic decays allows inclusive search for vector-like quarks, excited quarks, diboson resonances in dijet channel W s and Z s can be light... Tag using jet mass, structure: is energy distribution isotropic or not? Events 00 000 1800 1600 1400 100 00 800 600 400 00 3 Untagged data QCD Pythia Z* QCD Herwig++ q* (1.5 TeV) -> qw ( 406) Pythia Z* q* (1.5 TeV) -> qz ( 1170) Pythia Z* G RS (1.5 TeV) -> WW ( 38600) Herwig++ G RS (1.5 TeV) -> ZZ ( 78500) Herwig++ W' ( 1.5 TeV ) -> WZ ( 580) Pythia Z* CMS Preliminary (19.8 fb ) s = 8 TeV CA R=0.8 CMS-PAS-EXO-04 0 0 0. 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Jet τ 1 31

Hadronic W, Z Looking at hadronic decays allows inclusive search for Events vector-like quarks, excited quarks, diboson resonances in dijet channel W s and Z s can be light... Tag using jet mass, structure: is energy distribution isotropic or not? 00 000 1800 1600 1400 100 00 800 600 400 00 3 Untagged data QCD Pythia Z* QCD Herwig++ q* (1.5 TeV) -> qw ( 406) Pythia Z* q* (1.5 TeV) -> qz ( 1170) Pythia Z* G RS (1.5 TeV) -> WW ( 38600) Herwig++ G RS (1.5 TeV) -> ZZ ( 78500) Herwig++ W' ( 1.5 TeV ) -> WZ ( 580) Pythia Z* CMS Preliminary (19.8 fb ) s = 8 TeV CA R=0.8 CMS-PAS-EXO-04 0 0 0. 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Jet τ 1 Proof of principle: top-jets in tt events! _ http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.4945 3

Hadronic W, Z Looking at hadronic decays allows inclusive search for vector-like quarks, excited quarks, diboson resonances in dijet channel W s and Z s can be light... Tag using jet mass, structure: is energy distribution isotropic or not? Proof of principle: top-jets in tt events! _ http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.4945 33

m = 85.1 GeV m = 97.8 GeV CMS-PAS-EXO-04 34

W, Z tagging based on jet mass (70 < m < 0 GeV) τ1 to define medium (0.5 < τ1 < 0.75) and high purity (< 0.5) Two high purity tags for WW, WZ, ZZ resonances CMS-PAS-EXO-04 CMS Preliminary, 19.8 fb, s = 8TeV dσ/dm (pb/gev) σ Data Data-Fit High Purity Double W/Z-tag data - -3-4 -5-6 0 - Fit G RS ->WW G RS ->WW (1.5 TeV) CMS Preliminary (19.8 fb ) s = 8 TeV η <.5, Δη < 1.3 CA R=0.8 00 1500 000 500 Dijet Mass (GeV) BR(X WW) (pb) σ 1 - -3 Observed Expected ± 1 σ Expected ± σ Expected G RS WW 1 1.5.5 3 Resonance mass (TeV) 35

W, Z tagging based on jet mass (70 < m < 0 GeV) τ1 to define medium (0.5 < τ1 < 0.75) and high purity (< 0.5) One high purity tag for qw, qz resonances CMS-PAS-EXO-04 CMS Preliminary, 19.8 fb, s = 8TeV dσ/dm (pb/gev) High Purity Single W/Z-tag data - -3-4 -5-6 Fit q* -> qw CMS Preliminary (19.8 fb ) s = 8 TeV η <.5, Δη < 1.3 CA R=0.8 q* -> qw (3.0 TeV) BR(X qz) (pb) σ 1 - Observed Expected ± 1 σ Expected ± σ Expected q* qz σ Data Data-Fit 0-00 1500 000 500 3000 3500 Dijet Mass (GeV) -3 1 1.5.5 3 3.5 4 Resonance mass (TeV) 36

Decays to Photons 1.31 TeV 1.5 TeV ATLAS-CONF-013-059 37

Decays to Photons 1.31 TeV 1.5 TeV ATLAS-CONF-013-059 Compare with dijet: ATLAS-CONF-0148 38

Dark Matter? Electroweak-scale WIMPs fit the data well Could be very difficult to see Only particles within reach? Tiny mass splittings? Use ISR W-ISR can be dominant if ξ = 39

W Decays Events / 1 GeV 4 3 1 - -3-4 miss CMS Preliminary e + E T L dt = 0 fb s = 8 TeV 7 Mχ = 300 GeV Λ = 00 GeV W-> l ν QCD 6 Spin Independent DM ξ = +1 t t + single top γ + jets 5 DM ξ = 0 DM ξ = DY data 500 00 1500 000 500 M T Diboson syst uncer. (GeV) Leptonic Λ (GeV) 1400 100 00 800 600 400 00 CMS Preliminary 01 0 fb Spin Independent electron + muon ξ = Limit in 95 C.L. Observed limit Expected CL limit Expected CL ± 1 σ Expected CL ± σ Λ=M χ /(π) Λ=M χ 1 CMS-PAS-EXO3-004 s = 8 TeV M χ (GeV) 3 Hadronic ATLAS-CONF-013-073 40

Very Weakly Decaying Suppose new particles get produced, but high potential barrier for decays Hidden valley, SUSY with small RPV, split SUSY, etc. Long lifetimes But could lead to decays to jets! CMS-PAS-EXO-038 5 cm from primary 41

Build likelihood from vertex and track-cluster properties dijets / bin 5 4 3 Data QCD H(00) X(350) cτ=35cm H(400) X(150) cτ=40cm H(00) X(50) cτ=0cm CMS Preliminary L dt = 17 pb, s = 8 TeV L xy < 0 cm(low) > 0 cm(high) prompt tracks apple 1 apple 1 prompt energy fraction < 0.15 < 0.09 vertex/cluster disc. > 0.9 > 0.8 expected background 1.60 ± 0.6(stat.) ± 0.51(syst.) 1.14 ± 0.15(stat.) ± 0.5(syst.) observed 1 1 Table 1: Predicted background and the number of observed candidates for optimised selections. Data/QCD 1.5 1 0.5 4 6 8 1 14 16 Vertex Track Multiplicity CMS-PAS-EXO-038 dijets / bin 6 Data QCD H(00) X(350) cτ=35cm 5 4 3 1 H(400) X(150) cτ=40cm H(00) X(50) cτ=0cm CMS Preliminary L dt = 17 pb, s = 8 TeV [pb] (95% CL) σ B - CMS Preliminary L dt = 18.6 fb, m H = 00 GeV m X = 150 GeV Obs. Limit Exp. Limit Exp. ± 1σ Exp. ± σ s = 8 TeV Data/QCD 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.1 0. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Cluster RMS -3... 1 cτ [cm] 4

Conclusions Cannot do justice to all the ATLAS and CMS results Only most recent shown, more at https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/atlaspublic/exoticspublicresults http://cms.web.cern.ch/org/cms-papers-and-results Probing O(700 GeV) for vector-like top partners O(1.5- TeV) for EWK produced resonances, O(3-4 TeV) quark excitations 43

Conclusions Cannot do justice to all the ATLAS and CMS results Only most recent shown, more at https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/atlaspublic/exoticspublicresults http://cms.web.cern.ch/org/cms-papers-and-results Probing O(700 GeV) for vector-like top partners O(1.5- TeV) for EWK produced resonances, O(3-4 TeV) quark excitations Pushes naturalness already... E (finetuning ) signal at s = 14 TeV? 44

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_ tt Resonances Two regimes: Resolved : all decay products individually identifiable using standard reconstruction tools (R=0.4 or 0.5 jets) Boosted : Switch to larger R jets to increase efficiency Study jet substructure ATLAS-COM-CONF-013-05 46

Lepton+Jets event yield data / bkg 3 W lν 1 CMS Preliminary, 19.6 fb, s = 8 TeV tt others Z' 1.0 TeV/c (1%) Z'.0 TeV/c (1%) Z' 3.0 TeV/c (1%) Uncertainty CMS Data 01 µ+jets, N 1 b-tag 0 00 000 3000 4000 5000 [GeV/c ] 1.5 1 0.5 Boosted M tt 0 0 00 000 3000 4000 5000 x B [pb] Upper Limit σ Z' 1 - CMS, L = 19.6 fb, Expected (95% CL) Observed (95% CL) Z' 1.% width Expected ± 1 s.d. 0.5 1 1.5.5 3 CMS-PAS-BG-006 s = 8 TeV Z' with 1.% Decay Width Expected ± s.d. M tt [TeV] Boosted+Resolved ATLAS-COM-CONF-013-05 47

All-Hadronic Tough multijet background... Even with advanced substructure tools Nevertheless, not far behind... ) Events / (50 GeV/c 3 Data Non-Top Multijet SM tt 1 CMS Preliminary, s = 8 TeV, 19.6 fb 1 TeV RS KK gluon TeV RS KK gluon 3 TeV RS KK gluon σ(pp Z' tt) (pb) 95% CL Limit on CMS Preliminary, 1 - s = 8 TeV, 19.6 fb 1% Width Z' Expected Limit Observed Limit ± 1 σ ± σ Topcolor Z' 1.3, 1% Width Topcolor Z' 1.3, 1.% Width (Harris, et. al.) 500 00 1500 000 500 3000 tt Invariant Mass (GeV/c ) -3 00 100 1400 1600 1800 000 00 400 600 800 3000 Z' Mass (GeV/c ) 48

) χ-nucleon σ (cm -34-35 -36-37 -38-39 -40-41 CMS preliminary 01 0 fb Observed limit Expected limit Expected ± 1 σ Expected ± σ Limit in 90 C.L. Spin Dependent electron + muon 1 ξ = +1 Dark Matter Bonus s = 8 TeV CMS monojet 01 + - Super-K W W + - IceCube W W SIMPLE 01 M χ (GeV) 3 ) χ-nucleon σ (cm -31-3 -33-34 -35-30 -36-37 -38-39 -40-41 -4-43 CMS preliminary 01 0 fb Observed limit Expected limit Expected ± 1 σ Expected ± σ Limit in 90 C.L. Spin Independent electron + muon 1 ξ = +1 CMS monojet 01 Xenon 0 01 COUPP 01 SIMPLE 01 CoGeNT 011 CDMSII 011 CDMSII 0 s = 8 TeV M χ (GeV) 3 ) χ-proton σ (cm -35-36 -37-38 -39-40 -41 CMS Preliminary 01 0 fb s = 8 TeV Expected limit for ξ= Spin Independent Expected limit for ξ=0 Expected limit for ξ=+1 Observed limit for ξ= Observed limit for ξ=0 Observed limit for ξ=+1 1 CMS-PAS-EXO3-004 M χ (GeV) 3 ATLAS-CONF-013-073 49