Hazard Communication What You Need to Know
Session Objectives By the end of this session, participants will be able to: Describe the 6 required label elements. Identify the 9 GHS pictograms. Recognize the new SDS format. List the required actions they must take to be in compliance with the new Haz Com Standard
What is HCS? Hazard Communication Standard An OSHA Regulation Adopted in 1983 Over 880,000 Chemicals 5 Million Workplaces Covers 43+ Million U.S. Workers
What is GHS? Not a regulation.an approach An international system
The Problem? A variety of chemical classification and labeling systems have been developed.
Is it Flammable?? OSHA 1910: flash point <100 F OSHA 1926: flash point <140 F EU OSHA: flash point <131 F
The GHS Solution The International Mandate "A globally harmonized hazard classification and compatible labeling system, including material safety data sheets and easily understandable symbols, should be available, if feasible, by the year 2000. 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
GHS In a Nutshell International approach Consistent hazard communication Definitions Hazard Classifications
Benefits of Adopting the GHS?
OSHA s Goals Improved Hazard Communication Improved protection of workers
Changes to OSHA s HCS
OSHA Alignment with GHS Based on GHS Rev 3 (2009) Major Changes Hazard Classification Labels Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)
HCS Format a) Purpose b) Scope c) Definitions d) Hazard Classification e) Written Program f) Labels g) Safety Data Sheets h) Employee Training i) Trade Secrets j) Effective Dates
HCS Appendices Appendix A: Health Hazard Criteria Appendix B: Physical Hazard Criteria Appendix C: Label Elements Appendix D: Safety Data Sheets Appendix E: Trade Secrets Appendix F: Carcinogenicity
HCS Changes Online
a) Purpose Old All hazards are to be evaluated New! All hazards are to be classified
c) Definitions Lots of Changes! Some definitions removed. Some definitions revised. Some definitions added.
c) Definitions Definitions Removed: Physical Hazards (relocated to Appendix B) Hazard Warning Material Safety Data Sheets
c) Definitions Definitions Revised: Chemical Hazardous Chemical Health Hazard Label Mixture Physical Hazard
c) Definitions - Chemical Old Any element, chemical compound or mixture of elements and/or compounds New! Any substance or mixture of substances.
c) Definitions Hazardous Chemical Old Any chemical which is a physical or health hazard. New! Classified as a: physical hazard, health hazard, simple asphyxiant, combustible dust pyrophoric gas, or HNOC.
c) Definitions HNOC Hazard Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC) The GDC of the HazCom Standard?!?
c) Definitions Label Old Any written, printed or graphic material displayed on or affixed to containers of hazardous chemicals. New! An appropriate group of written, printed or graphic information affixed to, printed on, or attached to the container of a hazardous chemical.
c) Definitions - added Classification Hazard Category Hazard Class Hazard Statement HNOC Label Elements Product Identifier Safety Data Sheet Signal Word Substance Pictogram Precautionary Statement
(d) Hazard Classification The starting point! Identify the hazards. Review the data. Determine the classification.
Appendix A Health Hazards Acute Toxicity Skin Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin Sensitization Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive Toxicity Target Organ Single Dose Target Organ Repeat or Prolonged Exposure Aspiration Toxicity
Appendix B Physical Hazards Explosives Pyrophoric Liquids Flammable Gases Pyrophoric Solids Flammable Aerosols Self-Heating Chemicals Oxidizing Gases Water Reactives Gases Under Pressure Oxidizing Liquids Flammable Liquids Oxidizing Solids Flammable Solids Organic Peroxides Self-Reactives Corrosive to Metals
Simple Asphyxiant Displaces oxygen Can lead to unconsciousness or Death.
Pyrophoric Gas Spontaneously ignites at 130 F
Combustible Dust Not specifically defined! Guidance can be taken from: National Emphasis Program directive NFPA standards.
Hazard Classification NEW! The concept of severity: Most hazard classes are subdivided into hazard categories to reflect the degree of severity of the effect.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation Skin Corrosion Category 1 Skin Irritation Category 2 Irritation Category 3 Destruction of dermal tissue: visible necrosis in at least one animal 1A Exposure < 3 min. Observation < 1hr, 1B Exposure < 1hr. Observation < 14 days 1C Exposure < 4 hrs. Observation < 14 days Reversible adverse effects in dermal tissue Draize score: 2.3 < 4.0 or persistent inflammation Reversible adverse effects in dermal tissue Draize score: 1.5 < 2.3
Hazard Classifications Health Hazard Class Hazard Category Acute Toxicity 1 2 3 4 Skin Corrosion/ Irritation 1A 1B 1C 2 Serious Eye Damage/ Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 1 1 2A 2B Germ Cell Mutagenicity 1A 1B 2 Carcinogenicity 1A 1B 2 Reproductive Toxicity 1A 1B 2 Lactation STOT Single Exposure 1 2 3 STOT Repeated Exposure 1 2 Aspiration 1 Simple Asphyxiants Single Category
Physical Hazard Class Hazard Category Explosives Unstable Explosives Div 1.1 Div 1.2 Div 1.3 Div 1.4 Div 1.5 Div 1.6 Flammable Gases 1 2 Flammable Aerosols 1 2 Oxidizing Gases 1 Gases under Pressure 1 Flammable Liquids 1 2 3 4 Flammable Solids 1 2 Self-Reactive Chemicals Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type F Type G Pyrophoric Liquids 1 Pyrophoric Solid 1 Pyrophoric Gases Single category Self-heating Chemicals 1 2 Water Reactives 1 2 3 Oxidizing Liquids 1 2 3 Oxidizing Solids 1 2 3 Organic Peroxides Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type F Type G Corrosive to Metals 1 Combustible Dusts Single category
How will Labels Change?
6 Items on the New Labels Product Identifier Supplier Identification Signal Word Hazard Statement(s) Pictogram(s) Precautionary Statements
Product Identifier
Supplier Identification
Signal Word
Hazard Statements
Pictograms
Precautionary Statements
Where does the label info come from? Appendix C
What about Workplace Labels? 1910.1200(f)(6) Workplace labeling. Each container of hazardous chemicals in the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with either: The same info specified for shipped containers, OR
What about Workplace Labels? Product identifier and Words, pictures, symbols, or combination which provide general information on the hazards of the chemicals, and in conjunction with the other information immediately available to employees provides specific information about the physical and health hazards of the chemical.
Hazard Communication Understanding Pictograms
9 GHS Pictograms
Skull and Crossbones Acute toxicity oral, dermal, Inhalation Categories 1, 2, 3
Hazard Statements Fatal if swallowed. Toxic if swallowed. Fatal in contact with skin. Toxic in contact with skin. Fatal if inhaled. Toxic if inhaled.
Health Hazard Respiratory sensitization Germ cell mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target organ toxicity Aspiration hazard
Hazard Statements May cause allergy or asthma symptoms if inhaled. May cause breathing difficulties if inhaled. May cause genetic defects. May cause cancer. May damage fertility or the unborn child. Causes damage to organs.
Exclamation Mark Acute toxicity Skin irritation Eye irritation Skin sensitization Target organ toxicity
Hazard Statements Harmful if swallowed. Harmful in contact with skin. Harmful if inhaled. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause allergic skin reaction. May cause respiratory irritation. May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Flame over Circle Oxidizers
Hazard Statements May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer. May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer.
Flame Flammables Self Reactives Pyrophorics Self-heating Emits Flammable Gas Organic Peroxides
Hazard Statements Extremely flammable gas. Extremely flammable aerosol. Flammable solid. Heating may cause a fire or explosion. Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air. Self-heating; may catch fire. In contact with water releases flammable gas.
Corrosion Corrosives
Hazard Statements Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Causes serious eye damage. May be corrosive to metals.
Exploding Bomb Explosives Self Reactives Organic Peroxides
Hazard Statements Unstable explosive. Explosive; fire, blast or projection. Explosive; mass explosion hazard. Heating may cause an explosion.
Gas Cylinder Compressed gases Liquefied gases Refrigerated liquefied gases Dissolved gases
Hazard Statements Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
Not included in HCS Environmental Hazard
Hazard Communication Understanding Safety Data Sheets
(g) Safety Data Sheets 1. New Name Safety Data Sheet 2. Consistent format 3. More User-Friendly 4. 16 standardized sections
(g) Safety Data Sheets 16-part format (essentially the ANSI Standard) Sections 12-15 are not Mandatory Ecological information Disposal considerations Transport information Regulatory information Appendix D Details what is to be included in each section
SDS Headings 1. Identification 2. Hazard(s) Identification 3. Composition/Ingredients 4. First-Aid Measures 5. Fire-Fighting Measures 6. Accidental Release Measures 7. Handling and Storage 8. Exposure Control/PPE
SDS Headings 9. Physical & Chemical Properties 10. Stability & Reactivity 11. Toxicological Information 12. Ecological Information 13. Disposal Considerations 14. Transport Information 15. Regulatory Information 16. Other Information Not required by OSHA
Ensuring Compliance
Who has Responsibilities Employers Who Use Chemicals Written hazard communication plan Written chemical inventory Proper use of labels and warnings Maintain SDSs Employee Training
Who has Responsibilities Chemical Manufacturers Classify hazards of chemicals Provide labels & MSDSs to employers
OHSA s Timeline December 1, 2013 Label elements New SDS format
Another Deadline! June 1, 2016 Update all workplace labels. Update Haz Com Written Program. Provide employee training on new hazards.