Elementary School Level Glossary Science Glossary English / Kinyarwanda Translation of Science Terms Based on the Coursework for Science Grades 3 to 5. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students. THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 Last Updated: March 2018
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/ THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of The University BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D.... Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D.... Rochester ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.... Great Neck LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed.D..... Beechhurst CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D..... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A.... Rochester KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D.... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D.... New York JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D.... Monticello JUDITH CHIN, M.S. in Ed.... Little Neck BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed.... Morristown CATHERINE COLLINS, R.N., N.P., B.S., M.S. in Ed., Ed.D.... Buffalo JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., C.A.S.... New Hempstead NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A.... Manhattan ELIZABETH S. HAKANSON, A.S., M.S., C.A.S.... Syracuse LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... New York SUSAN W. MITTLER, B.S., M.S.... Ithaca Commissioner of Education and President of The University MARYELLEN ELIA Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH R. BERLIN The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
absorb acceleration acid rain adapt adaptation adjust air air pressure air resistance alto amount amphibian analyze anemometer animal apply around arrange artery arthropod asteroid atmosphere atom axis balance balanced forces bar graph barometer battery behavior beneficial best bird blink block blood tissue blood vessel body heat bone bone tissue A B kumira ukwihutisha imvura isharira gukoresha ikoreshaa gutunganya umwuka umuvuduko kwihanganira umwuka aluto ingano imyururu gusesengura icyuma gipima umuvuduko w umuyaga inyamaswa gusaba hafi gutegura umutsi w umujyana inigwahabiri kibonumwe ikirere atome impembe umunzani imbaraga zapimwe imbonerahamwe nyamirongo barometere batiri imyifatire gifite akamaro cyiza cyane inyoni guhumbya gukinga tisi z amaraso imitsi y amaraso ubushyuhe bw umubiri igufa tisi y igufa NYS Statewide Language RBERN 1
brain breathe bronchi buoyant force C calculator camera camouflage capillary carnivore caterpillar cause-and-effect cell cell membrane cell wall Celsius (C ) centimeter (cm) central nervous system change change of direction change of motion change of speed characteristic chemical chemical change chemical property chemical weathering chlorophyll chloroplast choose cinder cone volcano circuit circulatory system cirrocirrus cloud classification classify claws climate cloud collect color ubwonko guhumeka imiheha y ibihaha ingufu z ikireremba mubazi kamera kwihisha udutsi tujyana amaraso indyanyama ikinyabwoya igituma n ingaruka ingirangingo uruhu rw ingirangingo ibigize ingirangingo Dogere Selisiyusi (C ) santimetero (cm) Urwungano rw imikorere y imitsi ihinduka ihinduka ry icyerekezo ihinduka ry umuyego ihinduka ry umuvuduko ikiranga ikinyabutabire ihinduka ry ikinyabutabire ikiranga ikinyabutabire itandukanya nyabutabire ry urutare intangabara cyatsi urubuto rw intangabara cyatsi guhiyamo umutemeri w ivu ry ikirunga sirikwi urwungano nyamaraso kijyanye n ubwoko bw igicu ubwoko bw igicu itondeka gutondeka inzara z inyamaswa ikirere igicu kwegeranya ibara NYS Statewide Language RBERN 2
column comet common community compare compass competition composite volcano compost pile compound compound microscope computer conclusion condensation condition conduction conductivity conductors conservation consumer contain container content convection crest crust crystal cubic centimeter cycle cytoplasm dam data data table decomposer decrease define definite density deposition derived describe D inkingi nyakotsi rusange umuryango kugereranya idira irushanwa ikirunga cyiremye ikirundo cy ifumbire y imborere urupangu mikorosikopi yagutse mudasobwa umwanzuro uko umwuka uhindukamo ibisukika igisabwa itwarwa ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibitwara ibika umuguzi kushyiramo ikibika ibirimo ihindura isunzu urukoko ubutare santimetero kibe umwikubo ingirabuzima baraje amakurushingiro imbonerahamwe y'amakurushingiro ibora kugabanura gusobanura gifututse ireme ishyira cyakuwe gusobanura NYS Statewide Language RBERN 3
design development diagram die difference digestive system direction directly discuss disperse distance distribute draw earth earthquake earthworm eat echo ecosystem effect efficient egg electric electric current electrical energy electromagnet electromagnetism electron elements elevation eliminate emit energy energy resources environment equal erosion error eruption esophagus establish E guhanga ikora imbonerahamwe gupfa itandukaniro urwungano rw igogora icyerekezo ako kanya kuvuganira gutatanya intera gukwiragiza gushushanya isi umutingito umunyorogoto kurya nyiramubande urusobe ingaruka kibereye igi amashanyarazi umuriro w amashanyarazi ingufu z amashanyarazi rukuruzi imbaraga za rukuruzi elegitoro ibintu ubutumburuke gukuraho gushyira ingufu ibitanga ingufu ibidukikije bingana isuri ikosa iruka umuhogo gushyiraho NYS Statewide Language RBERN 4
estimate estimation evaluate evaporate evaporation evidence example exercise exoskeleton experiment explain external eyes fact factor Fahrenheit ( F) fault feather feature features fins fish fixed pulley float flood flowers food chain food web force form former formula fossil fossil fuel frequency friction fruit fulcrum function fur F kugereranya igereranwa gusuzuma guhindura igisukika umwuka ihindur igisukika umwuka igihamya urugero umwitozo igikono igerageza gusobanura cy inyuma amaso igifatika ikigenderwaho Dogere Farineyiti ( F) ikosa ibaba ikiranga ibiranga ibyubi ifi puli itimurwa kureremba umwuzure indabyo uruhererekane rw ibiribwa uruhererekane rw ibiribwa ingufu imimerere cyahoze ihinamvugo ibisigazwa by inyamanswa za kera amavuta akomoka ku bisigazwa by inyamanswa za kera inshuro amakimbirane imbuto igifashi umumaro ubwoya NYS Statewide Language RBERN 5
galaxy gas generation generator germinate germination glacier graduated cylinder gram (g) graph graphic gravity greatest green plant ground groundwater grow growth habitat hail hair hand lens hardness harmful health healthy habit hearth hearth muscle heat heat energy herbivore hibernation host human humidity hurricane hygrometer Hypothesis G H inyenyeri gaze urungano intanga kumera imera urubura agacupa gafite ibipimo garama (g) imbonerahamwe igishushanyo ireme gikomeye cyane ikimera cy icyatsi ubutaka amasoko y ikuzimu gukura ikura ubuturo urubura umusatsi rupe ubukomere cyangiza ubuzima ubuzima bwiza iziko imikaya y umutima ubushyuhe ingufu z ubushyuhe indyabyatsi isinzira umusangwa umuntu ubuhehere serwakira icyuma gipima umwuka w amazi Igitekerezo NYS Statewide Language RBERN 6
I identify identical igneous rock illuminate illustrate inclined plane increase Independent variable indicate inference information inherit inherited adaption inherited trait inquiry insect insulator interact internal interpret interval invertebrate investigate jaw jellyfish joint journal kilogram (kg) kiloliter (kl) kilometer (km) kinetic energy kingdom kitten knowledge J K kugaragaza bisa ubwoko bw amabuye kumurika kugaragaza ahaberamye kwongera umubare wigenga kwerekana impamvu amakuru kuragwa ibiranga nkomoko by ikimera ikiranga nkomoko ikibazo agakoko kugabanya ikwirakwira ry ubushyuhe gukorana imbere gusobanura intera ibiburangoro guperereza urwasaya medusa uruhiniro ikinyamakuru kilogarama (kg) kilolitiro (kl) kilometero (km) ingufu z umuyego ubwami akajangwe ubumenyi NYS Statewide Language RBERN 7
label land landslide large intestine larva latitude lava leaf learned learned adaptation least leaves leg length levee lever life cycle life span light lighting line graph lines of force liquid list liter (L) live living living thing location lunar eclipse lungs luster magma magnet magnetic field magnetic force magnetism magnifier maintain major L M ikirango ubutaka inkangu urura runini urunyo ratitude Igikoma cy amazuku ikibabi yize ibyo yize nibura ibibabi ukuguru uburebure ikidamu leviye umwikubo w ubuzima icyizere cy ubuzima urumuri imirambyo imirongo imirongo y ingufu igisukika urutonde litiro (L) kubaho ukubaho ikinyabuzima ahantu ubwirakabiri ibihaha ugushahagirana ibikoma by ikirunga rukuruzi ahari imbaraga za rukuruzi imbaraga za rukuruzi ibya rukuruzi rupe kugumishaho gikuru NYS Statewide Language RBERN 8
mammal mass mates matter measure mechanical mechanical energy metamorphic rock metamorphosis meter (m) meter stick method metric ruler microscope migration milligram (mg) millimeter (mm) mineral mitochondria mixture models moisture molecule mollusk motion motor mouth movable pulley muscle tissue muscular system N nail natural events negative nervous system neuron niche nimbus nonliving thing nonrenewable nonrenewable energy resource nose inyamabere uburemere urungano ikibazo gupima cyerekeye imashini ingufu z imashini ubwoko bw amabuye ukwihindura metero (m) irati ya metero uburyo irati ya metero mikorosikopi iyimuka miligarama (mg) milimetero (mm) ibuye ry'agaciro intima y ingirabuzima uruvange ibyitegererezo urume molekile ikinyamunjonjorerwa umuyego moteri umunwa puli yimurwa tisi y umukaya urwungano rw imikaya urwara ibiza mburwa urwungano rw imitsi umwakura-bakwe umwobo ibicu ikiburabuzima bitizazura ingufu zitisazura izuru NYS Statewide Language RBERN 9
nucleus number nutrient object objective lens observable observation observe obtained occur odor offspring omnivore opinion orbit order organ organ system organism organize original ovary overabundance ozone O P parallel circuit parasite path pattern percent, percentage period permanent magnet phases phenomena photosynthesis physical physical change physical environment physical property physical weathering pie graph intimatima nimero intungamubiri intego indorerwamo zipima ibigaragara igaragara kugaragaza kubona kuba impumuro urubyaro indyabyose igitekerezo inzira y imibumbe urutonde urugingo imikorere y ingingo urugingo gutunganya umwimerere umurerantanga umurengera akayunguruzo k izuba sirikwi ibangikanye icyonnyi akayira ishusho ku ijana, ijanisha igihe rukuruzi ihoraho ibice igombana fotosenteze ku mubiri ihinduka rigaragara ibidukikije bigaragara ikiranga kigaragara ukumenagurika kw urutare imbonerahamwe ruziga NYS Statewide Language RBERN 10
pistil pitch planet plant polar pollen pollinate pollution position positive potential energy precipitation predator predict prediction presence previous prey primary probable procedure process produce producer properties protect proton provide pull pulley pupa puppies push rabbit radiation rain rearrange reason receive record rectum R umwumba w ururabyo ikibuga umubumbe ikimera hakonje intsinda kubangurirwa iyangiza akazi mbonwa ingufu zishoboka imvura icyaruzi guteganya iteganya iboneka igiheruka umuhigo kibanza agateganyo uburyo inzira gutanga umusarruro utanga umusaruro ibiranga kurinda poroto gutanga gukurura puli intsinda ibibwana gusunika urukwavu imirasire imvura kongera gutondeka impamvu kwakira icyafashwe umwoyo NYS Statewide Language RBERN 11
recycle reduce refer reflect refract relationship relative humidity relevant remain the same renewable renewable energy resource repair repel represent reproduce reproduction reptile required respiratory system respond response responsible result rest reuse revolution revolve riding a bicycle rock rock cycle role root rotate rotation rubbing ruler (metric) runoff kongera gukoresha kugabanya kwifashisha gutekereza guhindura inzira isano ubukonje buringaniye cy ingenzi kudahinduka gisazurwa ingufu zisazura gusana kwirukana guhagararira kororoka ukororoka igikururanda ibisabwa urwungano rw ubuhumekero gusubiza igisubizo ubishinzwe igisubizo kuruhuka kongera gukoresha ihinduka kunzenguruka kunyonga igare urutare umwikubo w urutare uruhare umuzi kuzenguruka izenguruka ikuba irati (yo gupima) ibyarenze NYS Statewide Language RBERN 12
S saliva salivate scale scientific inquiry scientific investigation scientific thinking screw seasonal seasonally seasons secondary sediment sedimentary rock seed seedling select senses sense organ sequences series circuit sewage shadows shape shells shelter shield volcano shiver significant similarity simple machine sink situation size skeletal muscle skeletal system skin sky sleet small intestine smooth muscle snow amacandwe kumira amacandwe umunzani ikibazo cya siyansi iperereza rya siyansi igitekerezo cya siyansi ivisi kijyanye n ibihe cya buri gihe ibihe cya kabiri ibyatembanywe n amazi ubwoko w urutare imbuto umumeri guhitamo ibyumviro urugingo rw ibyumviro itondekanya sirikwi iri mu bice amazi yo muri ruhurura ibicucucucu ishusho ibikono ubwugamo ubwoko bw ikirunga gutitira gisobanutse ugusa imashini isanzwe gutebera imimerere ingano imikaya ifashe ku magufa urwungano rw amagufa uruhu ikirere amahindu urura ruto imikaya yoroshe urubura NYS Statewide Language RBERN 13
soil soil texture solar cell solar system solid solidification solubility solute solution sound sound recorder source space species specific speed spine spinal cord sponge spore spring scale sprout stages stamen stalks star state static charge static electricity stem stigma stimulus stomach storms stopwatch strategy strato stratus cloud streak structural adaptation structure subsoil substance igitaka ibigize igitaka ibyuma bitanga amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y izuba inkozo gikomeye ugukomera gishobora kuvangwa kuvanga ibyavanzwe ijwi agafatamajwi isoko umwanya amoko cyihariye umuvuduko uruti uruti rw umugongo ubwoko bw igisimba cyo mu mazi igi ry uruhumbu umunzani wa gakwege kumera k urubuto inzego umwumba w ururabyo uruti inyenyeri leta imbaraga z amashanyarazi zitangana amashanyarazi atangana igihimba cy ikimera uruyange ikigusunika gukora ikintu inda inkubi y umuyaga koronometere ingamba igicu ibicu umurongo ibyo umubiri wikorera ngo ubeho imiterere ikuzimu ikintu NYS Statewide Language RBERN 14
summarize sun sunny support surface survive, survival surviving sweat switch system tadpole tape measure teeth temperate temperature temporary magnet theory thermometer thrive thunderstorm tissue tongue tool topsoil tornado trachea trait transfer transport trial tropical troposphere trough trunks turbine type unbalanced forces unequal under universe T U kuvuga muri make izuba hari izuba ryinshi gushyigikira ubuso kubaho, ukubaho ukubaho icyuya ihindura sisitemu agakeri imetero iryinyo ikirere cy ubushyuhe buringaniye ubushyuhe rukuruzi idahoraho inyigisho igipimo cy ubushyuhe guharanira inkuba tisi ururimi igikoresho ubutaka serwakira umuhogo ingeso kwohereza gutwara igerageza ikirere gikikije ekwateri ikirere ikibumbiro umutonzi tiribine ubwoko imbaraga zitangana bitangana munsi isanzure NYS Statewide Language RBERN 15
vacuole variable vegetable vein vertebrate visible volcano voltmeter volume waste water water cycle water vapor wavelength weather weathering wedge week weight wheel and axle width wind wind vane wings V W akenge ko mu ngirauzima gihinduka imboga umutsi ibinyangoro kigaragara ikirunga icyuma gipim volute ubwirangire umwanda amazi umwikubo w amazi umwuka w amazi intera hagati ya onde ikirere ihinduka ry urutare bitewe n ikirere igihato icyumweru uburemere ipine n umutambiko ubugari umuyaga jiruweti amababa NYS Statewide Language RBERN 16