Lessn a. -- Explre It! Des a clud frm? D 1. Fill ne bwl abut t fu ll with warm water. Put nthing in the ther bwl. Clse bth lids. Put the sa me number f ice cubes n each lid. 2. Observe after 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. Materials - '. ice cubes 2 plmtic bwls with lids Time After 1 min After 5 min Clud r N Clud? Observatins Bwl With Warm Water Bwl Withut Water After 10 min Explain Yur Results 3. Cmmunicate Where did water cndense?? Did a clud frm. DISCUSS.,,.1'.' 276 mysciencenline.cm I ~plre It! Animatin 1
fj I will knw thl there re different types f preci p itt in and each is cnnected w ith ther weather cnditins. Wrds t Knw sleet hail Have yu ever watched a clud get larger? Have yu tried t see shpes in the cluds? Cluds cme in mny shapes and sizes. Remember that cluds frm when water vapr changes int tiny water drplets r ice crystals. Whether a clud is made f water drplets r ice crystals depends partly n a ir temperature. The temperature f a ir high in the duds is ften much lwer than the tem pemture f the nit clse t the grund. Even n summer days, many cluds are made f ice crystals. The ice crystals a nd water drplets in cluds can jin tgether t make larger particles. The particles can get s large Lha l the gravitatinal f rce due La the mass f the particles can ca use th em t fa ll ut f the clud. This is h w precipitatin frms. 1. Identify W hat are cluds made f? Underline a statement r statements t supprt yur answer. 2. Write Abut It Use what yu knw abut water n Earth. Tell why cluds a re imprtant. (B) Gene Rhden/Weatherpix Stck Images 2
Precipitatin Yu may be surpri sed t learn tht mst rain in the United States starts as snw. The temperature f the air h igh abve the grund is ften belw O"c. Cluds f ice crystals frm in the cld a ir. The ice crystals grw larger until they sturt t fall as snwflukes. As they fall, the crystals smetimes stick t ther crystals a nd becme larger snwfla kes. If the temperature f alllhe air between the clud and the grund is less than DC, the ice crystals will fa ll t the grund as snwfla kes. The ice crysta ls frm a clud may chan ge as they fall thrugh different layers f air. If the ice crystals fall int air that is warmer thn ac, they will m elt and fall as rain. If the a ir near the grund is very cld, the rain smetimes freezes befre it hits the grund. The frzen raindrps are sleet. Hail Frmatin Smetimes, strng winds cn blw upward thrugh a thunderstrm clud. These winds blw raindrps back up int the freezing air a t the tp f the clud. This creates a small piece f ice. As the ice is blwn thrugh the clud ma ny times, many layers f water freeze n it. Fina lly, it gets t heavy fr the winds t crry it back up. This frzen precipitalin Lha L fr ms in layers is ciled hail. The ha ilstne fa lls t the grun d. Mst hailstnes are abut the size f a pea. Sme can get bigger than a baseball. 3. Draw Cnclusins Suppse yu knw the air temperature frm the grund all the way t a clud is cld enugh fr water t freeze. The clud frms precipitatin. What c nclusin culd yu draw abut the type f precipitatin tha t fa lls? Underline the facts that helped yu draw yur c nclusin. 4. Summarize What causes layers t frm in hail? examples f large hilstnes 278 ( mvsciencenline.cm I <fa I Will Knw... ) (BL) University Crpratin fr Atmspheric Research/Pht Researchers, Inc., (B) Warren Faidley/Oxfrd Scientific/PhtLibrary Grup, Inc. 3
Rain l Sleet l and Snw Frmatin s. Give an Example Three types f preci pitatin are ra in, sleet, and snw. D yu knw tw ther types? Li st them here. Ice crystals melt as they fall thrugh a thin layer f wrm air high abve the grund. 6. Cmpare lk a t the chart. ~ rc@ ne way rai n and sleet are a like. Underline ne way sleet and snw a re a like. Ice crystals melt as they fall thrugh warmer air. They fall t the grund as liquid drps. \, / If raindrps fau fr a lnger time thrugh cld air, they freeze and t the grund as frzen drps called sleet. If air between the cluds and the grund has a temperature belw ()!!C, ice crystals fall as snw. They reach the grund as frzen crystals. ~ At Hme Lab Rainmaker Spray the inside f 0 pt lid with water. Keep spraying until drplets frm. Use a tthpick t push the smaller drps tgether t frm larger drps. Cntinue until the drplets run in a strem. 279 (Illustr.) Rbert (Bb) Kayganich, (BL) Henryk T. Kaiser/PhtLibrary Grup, Inc., (BR) Jim W. Grace/Pht Researchers, Inc., (BC) Exactstck/SuperStck 4
7. Identify lk utside. D yu see any cluds? If s, @rcl!j the names f the clud r cluds n this page. Types f Cluds When yu lk at cluds in the sky, yu may ntice they can lk different frm day t day. Different d ud types frm depending n the type f weather presen t. Cluds that f rm at different heights in the atmsphere have different names. Here me five cmmn types f cluds. Cirrus High-level cluds frm m re than 6 km abve the grund. This regin verla ps the regin fr midaltitude cluds. Ci rrus cluds are high-altitude cluds that are ften thin, wispy, and white. Cumulnimbus Cluds that grw vertically have rising air inside them. The bases f these cluds may be as lw as 1 km {lbve the grund. The risi ng a ir may push the tps f these cluds higher tha n 12 km. Vertical cluds can cause thunderstrms. ------- ~ ----=. Altcumulus The bases f mid-level cluds are between 2 km and 7 km abve the grund. Altcumulus cluds a re midlevel duds that lk like small, puffy blls. The bttms f the cluds can lk dark because sunlight may nt reach them. Stratus Lw-level cluds are ften seen less than 2 km abve the grund. Stra tus cluds are lw-level cluds tha t cver the whle sky. They lk dark because little sunlight gets thrugh the layer f cluds. Fg Fg is a clud at grund level. M air near the grund cls, water vapr cndenses int tiny drplets and f rms a clud at r near the grund. M mre drplets frm and gel larger, the fg appears thicker. 280 mysciencenline.cm I Gt it? _:.'-::: 60-Secnd Vide (BC) Brian Csgrve/DK Images, (CC) marilyn barbne/shutterstck, (TC) Thrsten Schier/Ftlia, (TC) Arpad/Ftlia, (BC) James A. Sugar/Crbis 5
Skm Smetimes many types f duds may appear at the sme time. Cmbinatins f d uds can help determine the weather at a given place and ti me. 8. Classify Using the infrmatin n the left, label the types f cluds in this picture. 7km 6km Skm 4km "m 2km \9, ~ se~uence ~n le Iheslep' lake n f r~mwal~r vapr lasleel IO' fj" Hw are cluds and weather related? Stp! I need help with...,...,...,.... Wait! I have a q uestin abut G! Nw I knw ( mvsciencenline.cm I Gt it? QUiZ) 281 (Illustr.) Precisin Graphics 6