Name Science SOL Review 6 th grade material Date Class Block Interrelationship of Earth and Space Systems Vocabulary: gravity, comet, meteorite, meteor, asteroid, meteoroid, rotation, revolution, year, day, tides 1. Chunks of metal or stone that orbit the sun freely, not in a group. 1. Pieces of metal or stone that fall through the Earth's atmosphere and burn up. The burning material is often called a "shooting star". 3. Pieces of metal or stone that hit the Earth's surface. 1. The force of attraction between objects. This causes the planets and other space objects to maintain their elliptical orbit around the sun. Space object made of rock, metal or a combination of the two. Most lie in a belt between Mars and Jupiter and can be quite large. 3. Spheres of dusty ice that have a tail and orbit the sun freely. Their tails can be millions of miles long. 4. The amount of time it takes the Earth to revolve around the sun 1 time 5. To orbit or move around another object. 6. The amount of time it takes for the Earth to spin one time on its axis. 3. 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 7. To spin on an axis 8. The gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth s oceans and other bodies of water. 9. Explain why Earth and all planets have day and night. 9. 1
10. Label the picture day and night. 10. 11. Explain what causes the northern hemisphere to experience winter and summer. 11. 1 Label the picture summer and winter for the northern hemisphere. 13. How many stars are in our solar system? 14. What makes a planet different from a moon? 15. Write the order of the 8 planets from closest to farthest. 1 13. 14. 15. 16. What lies between Mars and Jupiter? 16. 17. Name 3 ways the inner planets are different from the outer planets. 17. 18. 18. Why does the sun have such a strong gravitational pull? 19. What causes tides? 19. 20. What causes the phases of the moon? 20. 2
21. Label the phases of the moon. Choose from: full moon, new moon, waxing gibbous, 1 st quarter moon, waxing crescent, 3 rd quarter, waning gibbous, waning crescent Waning = Waxing = 2 What was the goal of each of these space programs A. Mercury B. Gemini C. Apollo D. Shuttle E. Mars Probes F. Other probes A. Mercury B. Gemini C. Apollo D. Shuttle E. Mars Probes F. Other Probes 23. List the main theory each astronomer is famous for: Ptolemy Aristotle Copernicus Galileo Ptolemy Aristotle Copernicus Galileo 3
Atmosphere and Weather 24. Convection Currents Vocabulary: The Earth s energy budget, wind, Greenhouse effect, The sun, greenhouse gases A. The concept that certain gases trap heat in our atmosphere. B. This is responsible for powering the atmosphere, oceans, causing weather, providing heat, light, energy, and causing life processes. C. The unequal heating and cooling of land and water that causes local winds. D. The concept that energy in our atmosphere is balanced by being absorbed and reflected. E. methane, water vapor, carbon dioxide 25. Explain the concept of the Earth s Energy A. B. C. D. E. 25. budget. 26. What do the arrows moving up represent? 27. What do the arrows moving down represent? 27. 26. 28. Why would the land be warmer then the water during the day? 29. Why would the water be warmer then the land at night? 28. 29. 30. What are 3 factors that affect weather? A. B. c. 4
Vocabulary: temperature, humidity, air pressure, warm front, evaporation, cold front, low pressure, high pressure, condensation, troposphere. cold front, warm front 31. The layer of the atmosphere weather takes place in. 3 Pressure system that brings rainy, bad weather. 33. Type of front that brings steady rain and 34. warmer weather. 35. The amount of air pressing down on an area. 36. The measure of heat in the air or atmosphere. 37. Pressure system that brings clear skies and good weather. 38. Type of front that brings storms and cold weather. 39. The amount of water vapor in the air. 31. 3 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 40. The changing of a liquid to a gas by adding heat. 41. The changing of a gas to a liquid by cooling. 4 43. List 3 facts about warm air. Draw a model of the molecules in warm air 41. 4 43. 44. List 3 facts about cold air. Draw a model of the molecules in cold air 44. 45. Write the name of each cloud, what type of weather it brings, and description. Choices: cumulonimbus/stormy/tall & towering stratus/steady or no rain/ sheet like cumulus/fair weather or showers/ fluffy cirrus/changing weather or fair weather/ feathery 5
46. What happens to the air temperature at you rise from the earth s surface to outer space? 47. What happens to air pressure as you rise from the earth s surface to outer space? 48. Describe the weather happening on the weather map below. 49. What are 3 groups that are responsible for protecting our environment? 50. Match the name of each instrument to the weather factor: Thermometer, barometer, hygrometer a. Measures water vapor/humidity: b. Measures temperature: c. Measures air pressure: 51. Match the description of each type of storm to the storm name: Hurricane, tornado, thunderstorm a. Storm that forms only over land, 200-300mph winds, funnel shaped, lasts for 40 or less minutes, severe damage from wind, debris, & lightning. b. Storm that forms along a cold front and cumulonimbus clouds. Brings thunder, lightning, high winds, & heavy rain. c. Storm that forms over oceans that bring high winds, large waves, swirls around an eye, covers hundreds of miles, and lasts for days. 6
Unique Properties of Water 5 List 3 unique properties of water and explain each: A. B. C. 53. Label the water molecule to the right: hydrogen, oxygen, negative, and positive Vocabulary: surface tension, water, adhesion, cohesion, hydrogen & oxygen, condensation 54. The two elements that make up water. 55. The act of water molecules sticking together. 56. The Universal Solvent 57. The act of water sticking to other substances. 58. The act of cohesion forming a skin on the surface of water. 59. The process of water vapor turning into a liquid 60. Why does water dissolve many substances? 61. Why is water considered polar? 6 How can you change the density of water (change it from a solid, to liquid, to a gas)? 63. What happens to the molecules of water when water freezes? 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 6 63. 64. Name 1 reason ice floats. 64. 65. Label the pictures of water molecules as solid, liquid, or gas. A. B. C. 7
Watershed Systems 66. Watershed Vocabulary : a. All the land that water flows across and drains into a body of water. b. A smaller stream or river that flows into a bigger body of water. c. A map that shows the land features of an area. d. Small animals/insects without backbones that live in water and indicated e. A partially enclosed body of water that is a mixture of salt and freshwater. f. Points of higher ground that separate watersheds. g. Substance that contaminates and environment. 67. What are 4 signs of good water quality? 1. Macroinvertebrates,, tributary, pollution, topographic, watershed, ridgelines/divides, estuary a. b. c. d. e. f. g. 3. 4. 68. What are 4 polluters of water? 1. 69. What is the biggest polluter of bodies of water? 70. What are 2 effects of erosion? 1. 3. 4. 71. What are 2 ways to prevent erosion? 1. 8
7 What are 2 jobs of wetlands? 1. 73. What are ways our environment is contaminated (polluted)? 74. What are 3 things you as an individual can do to protect our environment? 75. List 3 reasons it is important to protect our environment. 76. What is the most effective way to protect our environment? 77. What are 3 ways we can manage our waste? 9