Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 6 Section Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Most streams carry the largest part of their load. a. as dissolved material c. as bed load b. along the stream s bottom d. in suspension. The suspended load of a stream. a. is deposited before the bed load b. consists primarily of highly soluble substances c. moves along the bottom of the channel by rolling or sliding d. usually consists of fine sand, silt, and clay-sized particles 3. A depositional feature that forms where a stream enters a lake or ocean is a(n). a. natural levee c. meander b. delta d. oxbow lake 4. A natural levee is. a. an erosional feature perpendicular to the stream channel b. a depositional feature perpendicular to the stream channel c. an erosional feature parallel to the stream channel d. a depositional feature parallel to the stream channel 5. The flat portion of a valley floor adjacent to a stream channel is called a. a. floodplain c. divide b. meander d. tributary 6. The most prominent features of a narrow, V-shaped valley, where the stream profile drops rapidly, are. a. meanders and floodplains c. lakes and ponds b. rapids and waterfalls d. deltas and natural levees 7. One major cause of floods is. a. rapid spring snow melt c. light rain over a large area b. a decrease in stream discharge d. increased capacity of stream channels 8. One traditional flood control method has been to attempt to keep the stream s flow within its channel by creating. a. meanders c. artificial levees b. artificial cutoffs d. flood control dams 9. A drainage basin is. a. the channel of a stream b. the land covered by floodwaters c. the land area that contributes water to a stream d. all streams that flow directly into an ocean
Name: Completion Complete each statement. 10. An accumulation of sediment formed where a stream enters a lake or the ocean is called a(n). 11. A(n) is the flat, low-lying portion of a stream valley that is covered with water during floods. 1. Artificial levees and dams are structures used to control. 13. The land area that contributes water to a stream is referred to as the stream s. Short Answer: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete TWO SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS from ALL of the short answer questions that appear in the chapter. 14. List and briefly describe the three ways streams transport sediments. 15. What type of valley is characterized by waterfalls, rapids, and a stream that is primarily eroding downwards? 16. What measures can be used to control flooding and to limit the amount of damage that floods cause?
Name: 17. What river has the largest drainage basin in North America? Essay: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete ONE ESSAY QUESTION from ALL of the essay questions that appear in the chapter. 18. Explain why building artificial levees can actually increase the destruction caused by flooding. 3
Earth Science Chapter 6 Section Review Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.6 3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.7 4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.7 5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.8 6. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.8 7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.9 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.9 9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.10 COMPLETION 10. ANS: delta PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.7 11. ANS: floodplain PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.8 1. ANS: floods PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.9 13. ANS: drainage basin PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.10 SHORT ANSWER 14. ANS: Streams transport sediment as dissolved load, which is material carried in solution; as suspended load, which is sand, silt, and clay-sized sediment carried suspended in the water; and as bed load, which is larger particles that bounce or are dragged along the channel bottom. PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.6 15. ANS: a narrow V-shaped valley PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.8 16. ANS: Flood control measures include building artificial levees and flood control dams, and limiting what can be built on floodplains. PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.9 1
17. ANS: the Mississippi River PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.10 ESSAY 18. ANS: Artificial levees can cause deposition to occur along the stream bottom, building up the bottom of the channel, which can result in a higher water level during floods. In this case, the levee will need to be built higher to prevent the levee from overflowing. In a stream contained by a levee, the amount of water in the channel increases during floods, and the velocity also increases. So, if the levee does fail, the resulting flooding can be catastrophic instead of a more gradual overflowing of the stream s banks. A major levee system can also increase the damage from flooding in areas downstream of the levees that do not have levee systems that are as high or as extensive. PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: 6.9