Initial results of the GW-LCYCLE campaign 2015/16 results on the life cycle of gravity waves from combined airborne and ground based observations Markus Rapp 1,2, Andreas Dörnbrack 1, and Peter Preusse 4 for the GW-LCYCLE-Consortium Sonja GISINGER 1, Bernd KAIFLER 1, Natalie KAIFLER, Benedikt EHARD 1, Christiane VOIGT 1, Romy SCHLAGE 1, Benjamin WITSCHAS 1, Martin WIRTH 1, Hans SCHLAGER 1, Carsten SCHMIDT 3, Patrick HANNAWALD 3, Sabine WÜST 3, Michael BITTNER 3, Isabell KRISCH 4, Hermann OELHAF 5, Wolfgang WOIWODE 5, Gerd BAUMGARTEN 6, Jorge CHAU 6, Franz-Josef LÜBKEN 6, Peter HOOR 7, Jörg GUMBEL 8, Rigel KIVI 9, Dominque PAUTET 10, Mike TAYLOR 10 1 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany 2 Meteorologisches Institut München, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, Munich, Germany 3 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, Earth Observation Center, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany 4 Institute ofenergyandclimateresearch (IEK-7: Stratosphere) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, Germany 5 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 6 Leibniz-Institut für Atmosphärenphysik an der Universität Rostock, Kühlungsborn, Germany 7 Institute for Atmospheric Physics, University Mainz, Mainz, Germany 8 Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 9 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Arctic ResearcCentre, Sodankylä, Finland 10 Utah State University,Department of Physics and Center for Atmospheric and Space Science, Logan UT, USA
Overview: the GW-LCYCLE-project
Challenges and Scientific Objectives Better understanding of o GW-sources o GW-propagation to the MA o GW-Dissipation o Wave-Mean Flow interaction Input for improved GW-paramet. Kim et al., 2003
GW-LCYCLE: observational concept
The GW-LCYCLE campaign in January/March 2016: initial results
ROMIC - Field Campaigns (1) GW-LCYCLE 1-2 14 December 2013, Kiruna, Sweden - DLR Falcon - radiosonde launches at various stations - ground-based observations at various stations (2) DEEPWAVE (NSF-led with DLR contribution) - 6 June 22 July 2014, New Zealand - DLR Falcon - ground-based observations (Lidar, radiosondes) at Lauder Photo: Petr Horalek (3) GW-LCYCLE 2 - winter 2015/2016, Kiruna, Sweden - coordinated flights of HALO and Falcon - radiosonde launches at var. stations - ground-based observations at var. stations
Ground based measurements https://www.iap-kborn.de/forschung/abteilung-optische-sondierungen-und-hoehenforschungsraketen/instrumente-und-modelle/alomar-rmr-lidar/ Kaifler RMR & Fe Lidar MAARSY, Radars Radiosondes LITOS AMTM GRIPS14 ESRANGE Lidar Radiosondes AMTM GRIPS9, FAIM3 CORAL Lidar AMTM Radiosondes
Airborne measurements HALO trace gases P. Preusse Falcon GLORIA trace gases in-situ (u,v,w,p) airglow imager GRIPS upward looking H2O-Lidar downward looking wind-lidar in-situ (u,v,w,p)
Observations during GW-LCYCLE 2 Sodankylä CORAL Lidar Sodankylä RS ESRANGE Lidar Kirina RS Kiruna LITOS RMR Lidar Fe Lidar MAARSY Andenes RS Kiruna LITOS Falcon HALO B. Kaifler 11 Jan 31 Jan + an Event on 15. Feb (Esrange Lidar, Lidar Sodankylä, Radiosondes) + an Event on 29. Feb (HALO, Esrange Lidar, Lidar Sodankylä, Radiosondes)
The GW-LCYCLE campaign in January/March 2016: initial results a) Groundbased lidar observations
Ground based observations with the DLR- Rayleigh-Lidar at Sodankylä, Finland First campaign of CORAL (COmpact Rayleigh Autonomous Lidar) Oct 2016 March 2017 ~700 hours of semi-autonomous operation Temperature profiles 22-85 km with 10 min resolution 2d airglow observations (temperature) with AMTM
Nightly Mean Temperature Profiles 62 nights with >2 hours per night 2015 2016 courtesy: B. Kaifler, DLR
Gravity Wave/ Mountain Wave Activity Mean Profiles 2016 courtesy: B. Kaifler, DLR Sodankylä: Mountain waves penetrate into lower mesosphere
The GW-LCYCLE campaign in January/March 2016: initial results b) Airborne observations
Airborne GW-observations during GW-LCYCLE2 HALO (31 flight hours) Falcon (35 flight hours) 1 Marble 6 4 3 2 5 2 A. Minikin 3 MWs over Iceland 4 weak MWs under easterly flow Spitsbergen 5 weak orographic forcing, waves in lidar data 6 MWs and jet-exit region Greenland 7 MWs, deep propagation 7 1 GWs with weak and no orographic forcing, with and without polar night jet (PNJ) + comparison ground and airborne obs + other events captured by ground based instruments 2 moderate and transient MW event
vertical direction (128 pixels) GLORIA horizontal direction (typ. 48 pixels) GLORIA-GW-Results, e.g., GW generation by Rossby waves Talk by Isabell Krisch
Airglow Camera FAIM on Falcon Preliminary OH-Airglow @ 87 km altitude 14.01.16 20 km 20 km P. Hannawald source: German Aerospace Center German Remote Sensing Data Center - Atmosphere
2016-01-14: 15 Min excerpt ca. 21 Ost bis 17 Ost Rohbilder flight track (Farbe ~ Airglow-Intensität, blau=dunkel) Differenzbilder
DLR.de Folie 19 > Vortrag > Autor Dokumentname > Datum 2016-01-14: 15 Min Auszug ca. 21 Ost bis 17 Ost Rohbilder flight track (Farbe ~ Airglow-Intensität, blau=dunkel) Differenzbilder Objectives for further scientific analysis: E.g., Morphology of GW-activity relative to the position of the polar night jet
Airborne observations: Coordinated observations with DLR-Falcon and HALO
Coordinated Falcon and HALO flight on 28.01.16 mountain induced GWs over Southern Scandinavia ECMWF wind @ 700 hpa @ 150 hpa
Coordinated Falcon and HALO flight 28.01.16 (RF-08 Leg 1) Falcon at 9.8 km altitude (PGS-11 Leg 1) HALO at 7.8 km altitude Falcon M. Bramberger, T. Portele, M. Siller in-situ 2 1 4 3 HALO HALO Flightradar24.com in-situ FALCON HALO in-situ HALO 1 2 1,3 4,2 1 14 km 10 km 6 km 2 km Altitude
Aircraft in-situ HALO @ 7.8 km Falcon @ 9.8 km HALO @ 13.8 km Preliminary M. Bramberger, T. Portele, M. Siller w w w u, v u, v u, v T T T East West East West West East 1 2 1 2 2 1
Example: combined flight Falcon and HALO 28.01.16 Leg 4 HALO @ 13.8 km Upward propagating (linear) mountain wave
vertical wind Wind lidaron Falcon Falcon in-situ 1.5 ~ TP @ 8 km 0-1.5 m/s no backscatter west agreement between in-situ and lidar different wave structures below and above tropopause (TP) horizontal wavelength from wavelet analysis below TP spectral max λ h > 10 km, above TP spectral max λ h < 10 km east B. Witschas, DLR
vertical wind Wind lidaron Falcon Falcon in-situ 1.5 ~ TP @ 8 km 0-1.5 m/s Objectives for further scientific analysis: no backscatter E.g., GW-propagation across the tropopause west agreement between in-situ and lidar different wave structures below and above tropopause (TP) horizontal wavelength from wavelet analysis below TP spectral max λ h > 10 km, above TP spectral max λ h < 10 km east B. Witschas, DLR
(c) Kaifler Summary and Outlook Various GW situations were observed during GW-LCYCLE 2 with ground based and airborne instruments Northern & Southern Scandinavia, Norwegian Sea Iceland, Spitsbergen, Greenland Italy, Malta Combining all the measurements allows to study GW excitation, propagation and dissipation Identify the contributions of the different possible sources for different cases, e.g. orography, jet exit regions, fronts, convection in polar lows, Next: HALO/Falcon NAWDEX-campaign in Sep/Oct 2017 (c) Gisinger (c) Gisinger
Thanks for your attention! Foto: Tina Jurkat, DLR