ALLOWABLE TRE DEIGN LOWCHART OR AIC MANUAL O TEEL CONTRUCTION, NINTH EDITION APPENDIX B BEARING TIENER AND TRANVERE TIENER DEIGN HEN-YEH CHEN, PH.D. Aug, 1995 All Righs Reserve. No pr o his ook my e reprouce or commercil purpose, in ny orm or y ny mens, ihou permission in riing rom he uhor.
DICLAIMER AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE The uhor mkes no rrny o ny kin, expresse or implie, ih regr o ny ex, he lgorihms n he progrm conine in his ook. The uhor shll no e relile in ny even or incienl or consequenil mges in connecion ih, or rising ou o, he urnishing, perormnce, or use o his ex, lgorihms n progrms. You my isriue his ocumenion or eucionl purpose, provie h none o he ex in his ocumenion hs een moiie or elee. This inclues, u no limie o, cover pge, isclimer n copyrigh noice n ll remining pges. or commercil usge o his ocumenion, he reer shoul conc he uhor irecly or eils. I you use ny inormion in his ocumenion, you nee o reer o his ocumenion, or he olloing reerence -Y. Chen, Decemer 1997, Using Geneic Algorihms or he Opiml Design o rucurl ysems, Disserion or Docor o Philosophy, Deprmen o Civil Engineering, Arizon e Universiy.
BEARING TIENER iuions When Bering ieners Are Require (ee igure AD01.em) 1. P I N > 0. 15, n 0. 4 yc, pir o sieners shoul e provie opposie o ension lnge, o preven Locl lnge Bening. I (K1-) n (K1-) re sisie, n R is in compression, sieners mus e provie o preven Locl We Yieling. I (K1-4) n (K1-5) re sisie, n R is in compression, sieners mus e provie such h k ' >, o preven We Crippling (igure AD04.em). 4. When R is on one lnge, n (K1-6) n (K1-7) re sisie, n R is in compression, sieners mus e provie such h k ' > o preven iesy We Buckling (igure AD04.em). 4100 yc 5. When R is on oh lnge, n ( k) >, siener or pir o siener shoul e provie opposie o he P compression lnge, such h k ' >, o preven compression Buckling o he We 6. I he ousie ce o he lnge is connece o noher em or ering momen, (K1-9) mus e sisie, u i is NOT necessry o exen k ', such h k ' >. (ee igure AD0.em)
pecil requiremen or Designing Bering ieners (igure AD01.em, AD0.em) 1. or coniions,, 4, 5, 6 ove, (J8-1) mus e sisie. or coniions, 4, 5 ove, [pec K1.8] mus e sisie. or coniions 1, 5, 6, he olloing coniions mus e sisie. 1 1 * 1 1 + or + (Wih o he Momen Connecion Ple). 1 1 c. ieners ele o e o he column shoul e size o crry he orce (in he siener) cuse y unlnce momens Oher Equions or Bering ieners (Menione Aove) (K1-) hen R, (K1-) hen R <, (K1-4) hen R, R > 0.66 y ( N + 5k) R > 0.66 y ( N +.5k ) R > 67.5 1 + N N (K1-5) hen R <, R > 4 1+ here is yieling sress o em e y 1.5 1.5 y y
(K1-6) c c 6800 hen <., n he lnge is gins roion n R > 1 + 0.4 l h l (K1-7) c c 6800 hen < 1. 7, n he lnge is NOT gins roion n R > 0.4 l h l. = k, l =unrce lengh o lnge c c c. I he lnge is gins roion n., or he lnge is NOT gins roion n 1. 7, hen l l coniion 4 nee no e checke. (K1-1) & (K1-8) yc column yieling sress 5 I he orce is ue o e n live lo only P = (orce elivere y he lnge or momen connecion) (J8-1) I he orce is ue o e n live lo in conjuncion ih in or erhquke R ' 0.9 y P (AIC 1978 1.5.1.5.1, Tex 675) 4 = (orce elivere y he lnge or momen connecion)
[pec K 1.8] (K1-9) hen hen A s R + m P, ih k l = 0. 75h (igure AD05.em) R < m= 1 R m= 5 yc ys ( + 5k) A s = ' ys =iener yieling sress
TRANVERE TIENER iuions When Trnsverse ieners Are Require (igure AD0.em) h When > 60 n 1.. >, sieners re require, such h v 60 h h * v v here v n <. 0 h * v = v h (5-1)
M N ' ' R R * k' k Bering ieners Ousie o he lnge connece o noher em or ering momen igure AD01.em igure AD0.em
h We her Yieling Trnsverse iener igure AD0.em Brce Brce We Crippling iesy We Buckling igure AD04.em
ieners m We lnge [pec K1.8] Minimum Are Requiremen or Bering ieners igure AD05.em