Binomial Nomenclature 1a
A two-part scientific naming system using Latin words. Written in italics with Genus capitalized and species portion lower case. Ex. Quercus alba 1b
Clade 2a
A clade is a group of organisms that share certain traits derived from a common ancestor. 2b
Cladistics 3a
A classification system based on common ancestry 3b
Derived character 4a
Characters that have evolved in a species since sharing a common ancestor. These are shown as hash marks between the branches of a cladogram. 4b
Dichotomous Key 5a
A key used to identify organisms based on a series of choices between alternative characters (2 choices at each step) 5b
Genus 6a
Includes one or more physically similar species that are thought to be closely related. They are ALWAYS written in CAPITAL letters and italicized OR underlined. 6b
Hierarchical Classification 7a
Broad to most narrow (most members to least) Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Does King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup) 7b
Linnean Classification 8a
-Based on physical similarities -Each level includes the more specific levels below with the lowest level being subspecies. 8b
Node on a cladogram 9a
Each place where a branch splits in a cladogram. The node represents the most recent common ancestor shared by a clade. 9b
Phylogeny 10a
The evolutionary history for a group of species 10b
Species 11a
A group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. 11b
Taxonomy 12a
The science of naming and classifying organisms. 12b
Alien1 13a
Alien has one antennae, two arms, two eyes, rounded tips on feet. A. alien 1 B. alien 2 C. alien 3 13b
B bull snake 14a
I have a light colored snake, body is not greenish in color, body is not yellow, red or black. What do I have? A. green tree boa B. bull snake C. scarlet king snake D. cottonmouth 14b
C 2,3 15a
Which two shapes should not be clasified with the rest of the group? A. 1,6 B. 2,5 C 2,3 D. 4,5 15b
C camarhynchus 16a
Which bird is bird Z? A. certidea B. geospiza C. camarhynchus 16b
C starflower 17a
This plant is a... A.chickweed B. common strawberry C. starflower D. bowemans root 17b
D darner and mosquito 18a
Which two organisms are most closely related? A. human and goose B. goose and mosquito B. human and mosquito D. darner and mosquito 18b
D ramaculus scotchus 19a
A candy is hard,not spherical, wrapper is transparent, wrapper is yellow. A. ursa genneuras B. mandibulus crackus C. joyous rancheria D. ramaculus scotchus 19b
A clade is... 20a
a group of organisms that share certain traits derived from a common ancestor. A clade looks like the letter "V" that indicates all of the branches that extend to the right of the V 20b
How to interpret a cladogram? 21a
-derived characters on written on the continuous line as a hash mark -the closer 2 branches are on a cladogram the more closely related the organisms are -the further 2 branches are on a cladogram the less related the organisms are 21b
A node is... 22a
an intersection of 2 branches. It represents the most common ancestor 22b
Phylogeny is... 23a
the study of evolutionary relationships 23b
Phylogeny is based on... 24a
common ancestry and derived character 24b
What does a Cladogram show? 25a
a Cladogram shows features that are considered to be "innovative" or new features that serve some kind of purpose. These are called derived characters 25b
What is a Cladogram? 26a
it is a diagram that shows evolution relationships among groups 26b
What is a Cladogram based on? 27a
a Cladogram is based on Phylogeny 27b
Examples of Eukaryotic Cells 28a
1. Protists 2. Animals 3. Fungi 4. Plants 28b
Examples of Prokaryotic Cells 29a
1. Bacteria 2. Archaebacteria 29b
Exceptions of Cell Theory 30a
1. Viruses 2. First cell 3. Skeletal muscles and some fungal hyphae 30b
List sizes of 1. Prokaryotic Cells 2. Eukaryotic 3. Viruses 4. Membranes 31a
1. 1-5μm 2. 10-100μm 3. 50-100nm 4. 10nm 31b
The Three Principles of Cell Theory 32a
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cells arise from pre-existing cells. 3. Cells are the basic units of life. 32b
What are the Functions of Life? 33a
1. Metabolism 2. Growth 3. Reproduction 4. Homeostasis 5. Response to stimuli 6. Nutrition 33b
What are viruses? (structure/reproduction) 34a
Pieces of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat; no cytoplasm; no organelles; must have a host cell to reproduce 34b