Practice questions for Chapter 4

Practice questions for Chapter 4 1. An unknown substance dissolves readily in water but not in benzene (a nonpolar solvent). Molecules of what type are present in the substance? A) neither polar nor nonpolar B) polar C) either polar or nonpolar D) nonpolar E) none of these 2. Which of the following is a strong acid? A) HF B) KOH C) HClO 4 D) HClO E) HBrO 3. All of the following are weak acids except A) HCNO B) HBr C) HF D) HNO 2 E) HCN 4. Which of the following is paired incorrectly? A) H 2 SO 4 strong acid B) HNO 3 weak acid C) Ba(OH) 2 strong base D) HCl strong acid E) NH 3 weak base 5. 1.00 ml of a 4.05 10 4 M solution of oleic acid is diluted with 9.00 ml of petroleum ether, forming solution A. Then 2.00 ml of solution A is diluted with 8.00 ml of petroleum ether, forming solution B. How many grams of oleic acid are 5.00 ml of solution B? (Molar mass for oleic acid = 282 g/mol) A) 5.71 10 6 g B) 1.59 10 5 g C) 2.28 10 2 g D) 1.14 10 5 g E) 5.71 10 4 g 1

6. Which of the following aqueous solutions contains the greatest number of ions? A) 400.0 ml of 0.10 M NaCl B) 300.0 ml of 0.10 M CaCl 2 C) 200.0 ml of 0.10 M FeCl 3 D) 200.0 ml of 0.10 M KBr E) 800.0 ml of 0.10 M sucrose 7. A 74.28-g sample of Ba(OH) 2 is dissolved in enough water to make 2.450 liters of solution. How many ml of this solution must be diluted with water in order to make 1.000 L of 0.100 M Ba(OH) 2? A) 565 ml B) 177 ml C) 17.7 ml D) 4.34 ml E) 231 ml 8. You have exposed electrodes of a light bulb in a solution of H 2 SO 4 such that the light bulb is on. You add a dilute solution and the bulb grows dim. Which of the following could be in the solution? A) Ba(OH) 2 B) NaNO 3 C) K 2 SO 4 D) Cu(NO 3 ) 2 E) none of these 9. When NH 3 (aq) is added to Cu 2+ (aq), a precipitate initially forms. Its formula is: A) Cu(NH) 3 B) Cu(NO 3 ) 2 C) Cu(OH) 2 D) Cu(NH 3 ) 2+ 2 E) CuO 10. Which of the following compounds is soluble in water? A) Ni(OH) 2 B) K 3 PO 4 C) BaSO 4 D) CoCO 3 E) PbCl 2 2

11. When solutions of strontium chloride and sodium sulfate react, which of the following is a spectator ion? A) strontium ion B) chloride ion C) sodium ion D) sulfate ion E) two of these 12. You mix 275.0 ml of 1.20 M lead(ii) nitrate with 300.0 ml of 1.85 M potassium iodide. The lead(ii) iodide is insoluble. Which of the following is false? A) The final concentration of Pb 2+ ions is 0.0913 M. B) You form 128 g of lead(ii) iodide. C) The final concentration of K + is 0.965 M. D) The final concentration of NO 3 is 0.965 M. E) All are true. 13. A 3.00-g sample of an alloy (containing only Pb and Sn) was dissolved in nitric acid (HNO 3 ). Sulfuric acid was added to this solution, which precipitated 2.37 g of PbSO 4. Assuming that all of the lead was precipitated, what is the percentage of Sn in the sample? (molar mass of PbSO 4 = 303.3 g/mol) A) 46.0% Sn B) 0.781% Sn C) 79.0% Sn D) 54.0% Sn E) 1.62% Sn 14. You have 75.0 ml of a 2.50 M solution of Na 2 CrO 4 (aq). You also have 125 ml of a 1.72 M solution of AgNO 3 (aq). Calculate the concentration of Ag + after the two solutions are mixed together. A) 0.00 M B) 0.538 M C) 1.08 M D) 0.088 M E) 0.215 M 15. In the balanced molecular equation for the neutralization of sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid, the products are: A) NaSO 4 + H 2 O B) NaSO 3 + 2H 2 O C) 2NaSO 4 + H 2 O D) Na 2 S + 2H 2 O E) Na 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O 3

16. Sulfamic acid, HSO 3 NH 2 (molar mass = 97.1 g/mol), is a strong monoprotic acid that can be used to standardize a strong base: A 0.165-g sample of HSO 3 NH 2 required 19.4 ml of an aqueous solution of KOH for a complete reaction. What is the molarity of the KOH solution? A) 0.00170 M B) 8.76 M C) 0.0876 M D) 0.0330 M E) none of these 17. The oxidation state of iodine in IO 3 is: A) 0 B) +3 C) 3 D) +5 E) 5 18. In the reaction 2Cs(s) + Cl 2 (g) 2CsCl(s), Cl 2 is A) the reducing agent B) the oxidizing agent C) oxidized D) the electron donor E) two of these 19. Which of the following are oxidation-reduction reactions? I. PCl 3 + Cl 2 PCl 5 II. Cu + 2AgNO 3 Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2Ag III. CO 2 + 2LiOH Li 2 CO 3 + H 2 O IV. FeCl 2 + 2NaOH Fe(OH) 2 + 2NaCl A) III B) IV C) I and II D) I, II, and III E) I, II, III, and IV 4

20. Which of the following statements is(are) true? Oxidation and reduction A) cannot occur independently of each other B) accompany all chemical changes C) describe the loss and gain of electron(s), respectively D) result in a change in the oxidation states of the species involved E) A, C, and D 21. Balance the following oxidation-reduction reaction using the oxidation number method: Fe 3+ + I Fe 2+ + I 2 In the balanced equation, the coefficient of Fe 2+ is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) none of these 22. Consider the following unbalanced oxidation-reduction reaction: Fe 2+ + Br 2 Fe 3+ + Br In the balanced equation, the number of electrons transferred is A) 1 B) 3 C) 2 D) 4 E) none of these 23. A molecule with an unequal charge distribution is said to be a molecule. 24. Soluble ionic compounds containing the hydroxide ion are called strong. 25. A is a substance dissolved in a liquid to make a solution. 26. A electrolyte dissociates to a great extent in an aqueous solution. 27. Selecting from the following reagents, indicate which reagents would be mixed to give Cu(OH) 2 (s). CuSO 4 (aq) Fe 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (s) NH 3 (aq) CuCO 3 (s) FeCl 3 (aq) Na 2 SO 4 (aq) Cr(OH) 3 (s) H 2 SO 4 (aq) 5

28. FeCl 3 (aq) + Na 2 SO 4 (aq) Write balanced equations for each of the processes, choosing from the following substances as reactants: BaCl 2 O 2 H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 C 2 H 5 OH H 2 O Ca(OH) 2 K Na 2 CrO 4 KOH Pb(NO 3 ) 2 29. Precipitation of BaSO 4 from solution 30. Neutralization of sulfuric acid 31. Combustion reaction 32. Dissolution of calcium hydroxide with another reagent 33. Formation of hydrogen gas 34. Select the spectator ions for the following reaction in aqueous solution, AgNO 3 + LiI AgI + LiNO 3 A) Li + (aq), NO 3- (aq) B) Ag + (aq), NO 3- (aq) C) Li + (aq), I - (aq) D) Ag + (aq), I - (aq), Li + (aq), NO 3- (aq) E) Ag + (aq), I - (aq) 6

ID: A Practice questions for Chapter 4 Answer Section 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.1 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry solutions solution formation 2. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution electrolyte strong electrolyte 3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution electrolyte strong electrolyte 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution electrolyte 5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: 4.3 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions working with solutions diluting solutions MSC: Quantitative 6. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.3 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions working with solutions concentration 7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.3 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions working with solutions diluting solutions MSC: Quantitative 8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.5 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution solubility rules 9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.5 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution solubility rules 10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.5 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution solubility rules 11. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.6 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution ionic equation net ionic equation 12. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.7 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry stoichiometry stoichiometry calculation limiting reactant MSC: Quantitative 13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.7 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions quantitative analysis gravimetric analysis MSC: Quantitative 1

ID: A 14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.7 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry stoichiometry stoichiometry calculation limiting reactant MSC: Quantitative 15. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.8 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions acid-base reaction neutralization reaction 16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.8 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions quantitative analysis volumetric analysis MSC: Quantitative 17. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction assigning oxidation number 18. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction 19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction 20. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction 21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.1 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions balancing oxidation-reduction equations oxidation number method 22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.1 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions balancing oxidation-reduction equations oxidation number method 23. ANS: polar PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.1 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry solutions solution formation 24. ANS: bases PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions acid-base reaction base definition 2

ID: A 25. ANS: solute PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry solutions solution formation types of solutions 26. ANS: strong PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.2 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution electrolyte strong electrolyte 27. ANS: CuSO 4 (aq) and NH 3 (aq) PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.6 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions precipitation reaction 28. ANS: FeCl 3 (aq) + Na 2 SO 4 (aq) PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.6 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions precipitation reaction 29. ANS: H 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2 BaSO 4 + 2HCl PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.6 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions precipitation reaction 30. ANS: H 2 SO 4 + 2KOH K 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O or H 2 SO 4 + Ca(OH) 2 CaSO 4 + 2H 2 O PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.8 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions acid-base reaction 31. ANS: C 2 H 5 OH + 3O 2 2CO 2 + 3H 2 O PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction 3

ID: A 32. ANS: Ca(OH) 2 + 2HNO 3 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + 2H 2 O PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: 4.8 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions acid-base reaction 33. ANS: 2K + H 2 O 2KOH + H 2 PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: 4.9 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions types of chemical reactions oxidation-reduction reaction 34. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 4.6 KEY: Chemistry general chemistry chemical reactions ions in aqueous solution ionic equation net ionic equation 4