PpapA JpXzv_ 2011 sabv 20 lzvdxv Jeo-^-Xp akolv A Jm-ankv hnh Ø\w

Jeo-^-Xp akolv A Jmankv PpapA JpXzv_ 2011 sabv 20 lzvdxv Jeo-^-Xp akolv A Jm-ankv hnh Ø\w Fw. \mkn AlvaZv simsn-b-øq Xncp-\_n bpss bym t{]anbpw Zmk\pw Ime- Øns Camapw Xncp-\-_n- bpss {]h-n-\-{]-imcw BI- X-cp-amb hmkvzø akolv alvzn s\ A m-lp- X-Be A -Im-c -\n-_n-v-amb Hcp kpzo L Ime-Øn-\p-tijw Ab- p-sim v \Ωn IcpW snmcn-bp-i-bp- m-bn. Cu sszh-i-sm- -Øn\v \mw F{X-Xs \µn tcj-s -Sp-Øn-bmepw axn-bm-ip- -X-. \µn tcj-s -Sp-Øm-\p G hpw \ am Kw A mlp Ab Cu hcn-jvt-zm-ks hn-\-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-\n t±ißfpw cn-\-ifpw hmbn v AXn-s\- p-dn v Nn n- p-ibpw Ah-sb mw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns `mk-am n am p-ibpw snøpi F -Xm- Wv. F v hnip Jp -B-\n A mlp ]d-bp- p. \nßƒ kmxzn-i-tcm-ssm w \n p-i. kmxzn-i-cpss kl-hm-k-ø \n pw ^e-sa-sp- p-i. CXns at\m-l-c-imgvn \ap v ImWm km[n- p- Xv klm_m (dnfvhm\p- mln Asselnw) Xncp-\_n bn \n pw t\cn v A\p-{Klw Icÿ-am- nbt mgmwv. \-_n-bpss kz-p-i-fn \n pw kmao-]y- Øn \n pw Ah kmbq-py-a-s- n-cp- p. Xncp-\_n bpss hm p-iƒ Ah \ap v FØn- p-x p. B ]mh\ kz-nse Imcy-ßƒ Ah \sω tiƒ n- p. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \ap v e`y-am- n. AXn-\p-tijw C m-eøv Xncp-Zq-X-cpsS kxy-k- -t{]an Ah- Xn-cn- p-i-bp- m-bn. hmkvzø akolv Ckvemans AXna-t\m-l-c-amb A[ym-]-\-ßfpw hnip Jp -Bs hymjym-\- ßfpw Dƒs m- p hnhn-[-ß-fmb {KŸ-ßƒ cnn- p-i-bp- m-bn. Ckvemans al-xzhpw ta bpw temi-kw-a w ka n- p. F m B alm-flm-hns sndpxpw hep-xp-amb -]e kz- p-ifpw klm-_m- -tfm-ssm w kwl-sn- n- -s - n- p- v, P k {]kw-k-ßƒ D- v. AsXm pw Cu {KŸ-ß-fn DƒsIm- n- n- n-. C m-esø kxy-k- -\mb hy n-xz-øm A\p-{K-lo- X-am-bn-cp- Cu kz-p-i-fn \n v B alm-flm-hns klm- _m- ƒ A\p-{Klw Ic-ÿ-am- p-am-bn-cp- p. AXn ]dbs Imcy-ßƒ A m-esø Pam-A-Øns ]{X-ßƒ h- n- p- v. Ime-L- -Øns Cam-ans kz-p-i-fn \n pw A\p-{Klw Ic-ÿ-am- m ku`mkyw e`n- -h F{X- `mky-hm- m-. kmxzn- I-tcm-sSm w kl-h-kn- pi F hnip Jp -Bs I ]\ \S- n hcp-øm Ah v km[n- p. B kz-p-i-fn Ccn- p-ibpw hnhn[xcw tnmzy-ßƒ tnmzn- p-ibpw AtXm-sSm w ss_xp ^pxqlv, e {]m Y-\-bpsS s]mcpƒ Adn v {]m Yn- pi AhnsS ti Imcy-ß-sf mw tij-cn- p-ibpw snbvx-hsc \mw \µn-tbmss kvacn- p- p. Ah-cpsS Cu {]h Øn ImcWw \qdv h jw ]n n C m-eøpw \ap- v B Imcy-ßƒ hmbn- m\pw tiƒ m\pw km[n- p- p. AXv tiƒ p-ibpw hmbn- p-ibpw snøp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS `mh-\bn Xncp-\_n bpss bym t{]an-bpss kz-n Ccn- p {]XoXn D- m-ip p. Cßn-s\-bp kz-p-i-fn \n pw \a-kv m-cw, {]m -\, A m-lp-hp-am-bp _ w F o hnj-b-ß-sf- p-dn v B almflmhv \ Inb D]-tZ-i-ß-fn \n pw NneXv tiƒ n- p- -XmWv. 1907 se P k-bn \S-Ønb Hcp kpzo L {]`m-j-w-øn {]m -\-bn-te v {i Wn- p-sim v ]d-bp- p. Hm pi. A mlp hnip Jp -B Bcw-`n- p- Xv Xs {]m -\-bneq-ss-bm-wv. AtX-t]mse AXv Ah-km-\n- p- Xpw {]m -\- bn Xs. a\p-j-y _e-lo-\-\mwv; sszh-øns A\p-{K-lan- msx Ah\v hnip n ssih-cn- m Ign-bn, A m-lp-hn \n v klm-bw e`n- m-ø-xp-hsc \ -bn Ah\v apt -dm km[yta A F -XmWv CXns A w. Hcp lzo-kn hcp- p. A mlp Poh \ In-b-h-scm-gn- v F m-hcpw arx-cmwv. A mlp t\ am K-Øn-em- n-b-h-s\m-gn-si F m-hcpw hgn-ti- Sn-emWv. A mlp ImgvN \ In-b-h-s\m-gn- v F m-hcpw A - cmwv. Npcp- -Øn A m-lp-hns bym Y A\p-{Klw e`n- m-øn-s-tømfw euin-i-x-tbm-sp kvt\l-øns _m hw Igp-Ønse lmc-ambn \n p- -Xm-Wv. A mlp Xs {]txyi Ir] \ In-b-h v am{xta AXn \n pw tamn\w e`n- p-ibp- q. Hm p-i; A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-lhpw ZpB aptj-\- bmwv e`n- p-i. (B A-\p-{K-l-Øn-\mbpw {]m n- p-i) \a-kv m-c-øn hcp hkvhk-isf Zqco-I-cn- p- -sx-ßs\-sb v hnh-cn- p- p. F mwv {]m \? F v \mhpsim v Dcp-hnSpIbpw F m a\-n I -hsw sntø- Xv Cß-s\-bm-sW pw, Cu hkvxpx hn p-if s m F pw, CXv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp- p sntø- n-bn-cp- -sx pw, Cßns\ snbvxncp- p-sh- n Cßn-s\-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp- p Fs mw IW- p- Iq- p-i-bm-sw- n CXv \ΩpsS kabw ]mgm- m am{x-am-sw v a\-n-em- p-i. A m-lp-hns {KŸ-Øn\v ap K-W\ \ Im- Øn-S-tØmfw AX\p-k-cn v {]h Øn- m-øn-s-tømfw Imew 1

a\p-jys \a-kv mcw shdpw ]mgvthe-bm-bn-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. Hcp kw`hw hnh-cn- p- p. ` -\mb Hcmfp mbn-cp- p. At±lw Hcp akvpnzn t]mbn. Ahn-SsØ Cam-ap-kz-emØv \a-kv -cn- n- m XpS-ßn. \a-kv m-cøn At±lw Xs _nkn-\ns\- p-dn v Nn n- p XpS-ßn. Cu km[\w AarXvkdn \n v hmßn U ln-bn hn m C{X-em`w In pw. ]n osv I Øbn t]mbm C{X em`w In pw. AhnsS \n v a p ÿe-tø v t]mimw. Cßs\ At±-l-Øns Nn \o p t]mbn. ]n n \n pw \a-kv -cn- p-sim- n-cp B ` \a-kv mcw \n Øn H v \a-kv -cn- p. At±-l-Øn\v Iiv^n Cam-ans Nn sb A mlp shfn-s -Sp-Øn-s mspøncp- p. \a-kv mcw Ign- t mƒ ]n n-ep- -h Cam-an-t\mSv ]cm-xn- ]-d- p. Ct±lw Xm - fpss ]n n \n v \a-kv mcw \n Øv amdn- -f- p. B Camw tzjy-s - p-sim v tnmzn- p. F vsim- mwv Xm ƒ \a-kv mcw \n Øn- -f- Xv? CXv ]m]-a-s? B ` ]d- p. auehn kmln_v Rm _e-lo-\\pw hfsc {]mbw sn Bfp-am-Wv. Xm ƒ AarXvkdn \n pw XpS-ßnb bm{x I -Ø-bn-se Øn. Xm ƒ v _pjmd hsc t]mti- -Xp- m-bn-cp p. C{X-th- K-Øn F\n v Xm -tfm-ssm w bm{x snøm Ign-bn-. \akv -cn- p- -h-cpss Ah-ÿbpw Nne-t mfnßns\ BIm-dp- v. 1906 se Hcp {]`m-j-w-øn ]d-bp- p. \a-kv mcw F mwv? AXv Hcp {]m -\-bm-wv. CXn ]q Æ-amb thz- \bpw lrz-b-ap-cp-iepw D m-i-ww. AXp-sIm- mwv CXns\ kzemøv F v ]d-bp- -Xv. CXn D p-cp- -tømspw AXn-bmb thz-\-tbmspw IqSn k -hn[ Zpcp-t±-i-ß-fpw Zp hnim-c-ßfpw F n \n pw A m-lpth \o AI-t -Wta F tx -am-wv. Xs Imcp-Wy-I-Sm- -Øm AXn-\p-]-Icw kzvhnim-c-ßƒ A mlp D m- p-ibpw snø-s. kzemøv F hm v \tωmsv ]d-bp- Xv shdpw hm p-iƒ am{xw axn-bm-ip-i-bn-, AtXm-sSm w D p-cp- hpw B {Z-Xbpw thz-\bpw IqSn D mbn-cn-t - sa m-wv. ZpB snøp hy n acn- p- -Xp-h-scbp Ah-ÿ-bn-te-s -Øn-bm am{xta A mlp ZpB kzoicn- p-i-bp- q. ZpB snøpi F Xv hfsc {ia-icamb Hcp {]h Øn-bm-Wv. F m CXns s]mcpƒ P\-ßƒ a\-n-em- n-bn- n-. C Imcy-Øn- mbn C{X ka-bw Rm ZpB snbvxn pw Hcp ^ehpw I n F v ]d v Nne F\n v IsØ-gp-Xp- p. Cßns\ Ah A m-lp-hn-s\- p-dn v Zp `m-h\ sh p-]pe Øp- p. \ncm-i-cmbn \mi-øn-te v t]mip- p. ZpB-bpsS \n_- -\-I-sf mw Hcp-an- viq-sp- n-s - n B ZpB-sIm v Hcp KpW-hp-an-s bmym yw Ah-c-dn-bm-sX-t]m-bn. ZpB-bpsS \n_- -\-I-fn H v lrzbw Dcp-IpI F -Xm-Wv. Bflmhv sh w-t]mse k t -iz-cs khn-[-øn ka n- -s -S-Ww. Hcp hnj-ahpw thz-\bpw lrz-b-øn D m-ip-ibpw thww. AtXm-sSm- w-xs A -at\m [rxn-]n-sn- p- -ht\m BI-cp-Xv. a-tbmspw ÿnc-x-tbmspw ZpB snbvxp-simt Ccn- p-i. 2 At mƒ am{xta ZpB kzoi-cn- -s -Sp-sa v {]Xo- n- m Ignbp-I-bp- q. \a-kv mcw G hpw D -X-amb {]m -\-bm-wv. F m P\-ßƒ AXns\ hne-a-xn- p- n-s - p-am-{xw. _mlyamb NS-sß coxn-bn \n p-ibpw dpiq-dw, kppqzpw F mw snbvxm axn-sb- m-wv Ah AXns\ pdn v a\-n-em- n-bxv. AtXm-sSm- w- XØ ]d-bp- -Xp-t]mse a\-n-em-bmepw Cs - nepw Ipd v hn-\-ßƒ Bh Øn- p-ibpw snbvxm F mam-sb v Ah Icp-Xp- p. Hcp-Imcyw Hm Øncn- p-i. \ap pw Bflo-b-Xsb At\zjn- p- -h pw \a-kv mcw D m-bn-cns a p ]pxnb am Kßsf At\z-jn-t Imcy-an-. GsX- nepw hn[-øn-ep {]bmktam ]co- -Wtam \_n \v D mip-tºmƒ DSs\ \a-kv m-c-øn-\mbn \n p-am-bn-cp- p. \Ωp-sSbpw Ign- p-i-s kmxzn-i-cp-ssbpw A\p-`hw, A m-lp-hn-te v sim p-t]m-im \a-kv m-c-tø- mfpw DØ-a-amb as mcp am -hp-ans Xm-Wv. \a-kv m-c-ønse \n Øw acymzbmwv ]Tn- n p- Xv. Hcp Zmk Xs bp-am-\s apºn \n p-tºmƒ Ah ssi si n `hy-x-tbmss \n p- p. dpiq-av F Xpw AZ-_n-s, (acym-z-bpss) \n p -Xns\- mfpw D -X-amb Hc-h-ÿ-bm-Wv. kppqzv F Xv `hy-x-bp-ssbpw acym-z-bp-ssbpw G hpw Hu -Xy- Øn-ep ÿm\-am-wv. a\p-jy Xs ^\m-bpss Ah-ÿ-bn CSp-tºm-gmWv kmjvsm w {]W-an- p- -Xv. \a-kv m-c-øn am - ßƒ hcp-ø-w-sa v hmzn- p A ]- m-\n-i-fnepw `uxn- I-hm-Zn-I-fnepw Atlm IjvSw. Ah dpiq-c-s\- p-dn pw kppq- Zn-s\- p-dn pw Bt ]w D -bn- p- p. Ch-sb mw Xs t{ijvtamb KpW-ß-fm-Wv. \a-kv mcw AXns ]q Æ-X-bn-se-Øn-bmep- m-ip Ahÿ ssih-cn- m-øn-s-tømfw a\p-jy\v H pw Ic-ÿ-am- m Ign-bn-. A m-lp-hn ZrV-hn-izm-k-an- mø hy n v \a-kv m-c-øn Hcn- epw B\µw e`n- p- -X-. ]d-bp- p. A m-lp-hn-t\msv D p-cp-inbpw Hcm-th-i-tØm-Spw- IqSn C{]-Imcw {]m n- -W-sa v Rm ]d-bp- p. \mym! a p ]g-h K-ß-fnepw hkvxp- -fnepw hyxy-ÿ-ß-fmb cqnn D - Xp-t]mse \a-kv m-c-øn-s bpw Bcm-[-\-bp-sSbpw cpnnbpw Hcp {]mh-iy-sa- nepw \pi-cp-hm-\p Xu^oJv \ ti-wta! cpnn Xv Hm Ω-bp- m-ipw. Hcmƒ Hcp kuµ-cy-h-kvxp-hns\ {]txyi B\- µ-tømss ImWp-I-bm-sW- n AX-h\v Hm Ω-bp- m-ipw. AtXt]mse Hcp hncq-]n-bpw hnir-x-hpamb hkvxphns\ ImWp-Ibm-sW- n AXns cq]hpw Ahs apºn sxfn v hcp- XmWv. F m Hcp _ -hp-an-s - n H pw Hm Ω-bp- mhn-. CtX-t]mse \a-kv m-c- m-c- m-ø-h-cpss ] \akv mcw Hcp ]ng am{x-am-wv. Ah Icp-Xp- Xv Ime-sØ-gp-t v simspw XWp- n hpfp snbvxv kpj \n{z-sb mw Dt]- n v ]e kpj-ßfpw Xy-Pn v sntø n hcp- Hcp ]mgvthe-bm-wv \a-kv m-csa- m-wv. kxyw ]d- m Ah A{i- -cm-wv. CXns B\µw F m-sw v Ah v a\-n-em- m Ign-bn-. \a-kv m-c-øn sh n-cn- p B\-µ-sØ- p-dn pw Ipfn a-

sb- p-dn pw Ah -dn-bn-. Cß-s\-bp- -h v \a-kv m-c- Øn Fßs\ A\p-`qXn e`n- m-\m-wv. 1906 se Hcp kz-n ]d-bp-i-bp- m-bn. {]m -\-sb- pdn v lzvdøv Cukm \ Hcp D]a hnh-cn- n- p- v. Hcp Jmkn D mbncp p. At±lw B pw \oxn \ Im-dn-. cm - I Xs kpjm-vw-_-c-ß-fn Ign- p-iq-spw. ]cm-xn- m-cnbmb Hcp kv{xo D m-bn-cp- p. Ah Ft mgpw Cu JmknbpsS hmxn-en h v ap n \oxn \ I-W-sa v Bh-iy-s -Spw. B kv{xo ÿnc-ambn CXv snbvxp-sim- n-cp- p. Ah-km\w Ah-fn \n pw c -s -Sm Ign-bmsX _p n-ap- nb Jmkn tin\v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp- p-ibpw Ah v \oxn \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp. \nß-fpss sszhw Jmkn-sb-t m-sebpw \nß-fpss hnem]w tiƒ p- n-s - mtwm ]d-bp- p-xv.? \nß-fpss Bhiy-ßƒ Ah \nßƒ km[n- p- X-cn- t m? ÿnc-nn-ø-x-tbm- Sp-IqSn {]m \ snbvxp-simt Ccn- p-i. kzoim-cy-x-bpss Hcp kabw hcp- -Xm-Wv. AXn\v ÿncx A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. as mcp apvenkn ]d- p. t\m p; Hcp BNm-cw, NSßv F \ne-bn-e \a-kv -cn-t - -Xv. Aß-s\-bp \a-kv m-c- m-sc- p-dn v Ah v im]hpw \mihpw D m-ip-sa v A mlp- Xs ]d- n-cn- p- p. AXn\v Hcn- epw kzmim-cyx e`n- p- -X-. F- Xv A mlp kzbw ]d- - Xm-Wv. \a-kv m-c-øns bmym y-sø- p-dn pw AXns D - S- -sø- p-dn pw Adn-bmØ \a-kv m-c- m-sc- p-dn- mwv CXv ]d- n-cn- p- -Xv. klm-_m- ƒ v Ad_n `mj Adn-bm-am-bncp- p. \a-kv m-c-øns s]mcpƒ Ah a\-n-em- n-bn-cp- p. F m \sω kw_- n- n-s-tømfw \a-kv m-c-øns A w Adn-bp-Ibpw CXp-ap-tJ\ \ΩpsS \a-kv mcw Bkzm-Zy-I-c-am- p-ibpw sntø- -Xm-Wv. Ch a\-n-em- p- Xv as mcp \_n ChnsS h ncn- p p F m-wv. Aßs\ \a-kv m-c-sø-sb mw ChnsS Zp _-e-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p p F m-wv. ]d-bp- p. Cu \a-kv mcwsim v A m-lp-hn\v Hcp t\ -hp-an-. a\p-jy\v Xs bmwv t\ -ap- -Xv. CXp-ap-tJ\ sszh- Z _m-dn lmp-dm-im-\p Ah-kcw Ah v \ I-s -Sp- p. sszh-k-a w ]cm-xn-iƒ t_m[n- n- m-\p Ah-kcw \ In a\p-jys\ BZ-cn- n-cn- p- I-bm-Wv. CXp-ap-tJ\ F{Xtbm {]bm-k-ß-fn \n v tamn\w e`n- p- -Xm-Wv. F m Rm Nne-sc-tbm Øv Ft mgpw A p- X-s -Smdp- v. AhcpsS cmhpw ]Iepw Cßs\ IS- p-t]m-bn pw Ah v Hcp sszh-ap-s Nn -t]mepw D m-ip- n-. Aßs\-bp a\p-jy A pw F pw \mi-a-s- -h X-s. ]d-bp- p. Rms\mcp kp{]-[m\ D]-tZiw \ Im B{Kln- p- p. P\-lr-Z-b-Øn CXv {]th-in- n-cp-s - n. {]mbw Ign- p-sim- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv. A{i- sb AI- p-i. hn\bw Icÿ-am- p-i. hnizm-ksø kpÿn-c-am- n-\n tøwta F v H v A m-lp-hns\ txsp-i. A mlp Xr]vX\pw {]ox-\p-am-bn- Øo-cs F pw {]m n- p-i. 1907 am n Hcp kz-n Ccn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. 3 c vt] ]c-kv]cw ]nw-ßn-bn-cn- p p F -Xn-s\- p-dn v AhnsS ]cm-a i-ap- m-bn. CXp-tI v ]e D]-tZ-i-ßfpw B kz- n sh v At±lw \ In. F n v ]d- p. a\v ip -am- Im-Øn-S-tØm-fw-Imew ZpB kzoi-cn- -s -Sp- -X-. `uxni Imcyß-fn GsX- nepw hy n-sb- p-dn v \ns a\-n hntzz-jap-s - n \ns ZpB kzoi-cn- -s -Sp- -X-. ]c-kv]-c-ap Alw- Im-c-W-ambpw s]m -bmb A`-nam\w Imc-W-am-bp-ap mip C n[ ]nw- -ßƒ Dt]- n- p-i. lrzb-øn \n v hntzz-jhpw ]Ibpw FSpØv hen-s -dn-bp-i. CXv lrz-b-øn-ep-s - n ZpB kzoi-cn- -s -Sp- -X-. Hcp Imcyw \ -Xp-t]mse Hm Ω-sh- p-i. `uxn-i-amb Imcy-Øns t]cn BtcmSpw Hcn- epw a\-n hntzz-jhpw ]Ibpw sh -cp-xv. Cu `uxni temi-øn-s bpw AXnse hkvxp- -fp-tsbpw bmym y-sa v? CXp-Im-cWw F n\v i{xpx hf Øp- p. hmkvzø akolv ]I \S- m t]mip-am-bn-cp- p. Nne ktlm-z-c-ßfpw At±-l-tØm-sSm- -ap- m-ipw. GsX- nepw hnj-b-sø- p-dn v kwkm-cn- p-am-bn-cp- p. 1908 se Hcp kw`h-am-wv. (Zo L-amb kwkm-c-øn \n pw Nne `mk-ßƒ Rm FSp-Ø-Xm-Wv.) Nne Hcp snhn-sim v Imcy-ßƒ ti v as snhn-bn-eqss AXv ]pd-tø v hnsp- p. lrz-b-øn Cu Imcyßƒ v Hcp ÿm\hpw \ In-. Ahsc F{X D]-tZ-in- mepw Ah v Hcp Ipep- hpw D m-in-. Hcp Imcyw Hm p- Xv \ v. A mlp kzbm-{ib-\m-wv. Ah Bscbpw hi-sh- mdn-. ÿnc-ambn CS-X-S-hn- msx IqSp-X-embn ZpB snøm-øn-stømfw Ah Ku\n- p-i-bn-. Bcp-sS-sb- nepw `mcysbm Ip nsbm tcmkn-bm-bm AX-s - n Fs - nepw A]-I-c-S- I-c-amb tin IpSp-ßn-bm Ah v F p-am{xw Akzÿ-X-bp- m-ipw. CtX-t]mse ZpB snøp-tºmƒ icn- p-ap Bth-ihpw Akz-ÿ-Xbpw {]I-S-am-Ip- n-s - n AXv Hcp hn[- Øn-ep-ap kzm[o\hpw snep-øp- -X-. hy -amb Hcp {]h Øn am{x-am-bn-cn- p-a-xv. ZpB kzoim-cy-x v Akz-ÿ-am-Ip Ahÿ D m-ti- Xv A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. A mlp ]d-bp- p. ZpB snøp-tºmƒ ZpB snøp- -hs A Y-\-Iƒ tiƒ p- Ibpw Ahs {]bm-k-ßƒ Zqco-I-cn- p-ibpw snøp- -h-\mcmwv? KXn-ap- n-b-h {]m n- p-tºmƒ {]m \ tiƒ p- -Xm-Wv.Cu {]m -\-Iƒ p-øcw \ Ip- X m-lp-hm-wv. A\lvaZn-I-fp Hcp kz-n emtlm-dn sh v Hcp kpzo L {]`m-jww B alm-flmhv \S-Øn. ZpB-sb- p-dn v AXn C{]-Imcw ]d- p. Ckvemw F -Xns bym Dt±iyw a\p-jy A m-lp-hns CwKn-X-Øn-\-\p-k-cn v Xs CwKnXw am pi F -Xm-Wv. F m Cu Ignhv a\p-jy\v kzbw t\sn-sb-sp- m km[y-a-. appm-lz (I-Tn\ {]b-xv\w) sntø- Xv a\p-jys {]h Øn-bm-sW- -Xn kwi-b-an-. F m Cu ÿm\w Ic-ÿ-am- m-\p bym i nbpw klm-bhpw Icÿ-am- p- n-s - n Cu kml-kn-i-amb am Kw XcWw snøm

Ah- m-in-. a\p-jys _e-lo-\-x-sb- p-dn pw Ign-hvtI-Sn-s\- p-dn pw A mlp kzbw ]d-bp- p. a-\p-jy _e-lo-\-\m-bmwv krjvsn- -s - n-cn- p- -Xv. C{Xbpw _elo-\-\m-bn-cp- n- p-iqsn kz w ]cn-{i-aw-sim v C{Xbpw henb Hu Xyw t\sm Ignbpw F hmzw shdpw aqv k ]w am{x-am-wv. CXn-\mbn ZpB IqSp-X-embn sntø- n-bn-cn- p- p. {]bm-k-i-c-amb ]e {]iv\-ßfpw ]cn-l-cn- m- Ign-bp A p-x-i-c-amb Hcp i n-bm-wv ZpB. CXp-ap-tJ\ {iai-c-amb hgn-isf hfsc Ffp- -w a\p-jy\v Xm m Ign-bp- -Xm-Wv. A m-lp-hn \n pw hcp A\p-{K-lsØ Ic-ÿ-am-Ip Acp-hn-bm-Wv ZpB. BcmtWm ZpB-bn IqSp-X apgp-ip- Xv Ah Ah-km\w Cu A\p-{Klw Ic-ÿ-am- pi Xs snøpw. Ah A m-lp-hn \n pw klmbw e`n- p- -h-cmbn amdn Xß fpss e yw Ic-ÿ-am- p- -h-cm-bn-øocp- -Xm-Wv. shdpw ZpB am{x-a A m-lp-hns e yw. BZyw Xs k -hn[ Ign-hp- Ifpw i n-ifpw cwk-øn-d- p-i. AtXm-sSm w {]m \ snøp- Ibpw F m am K-ßfpw kzoi-cn- p-ibpw snøp-i. e y-ønte-s -Øm-\p am -ß-sfm pw kzoi-cn- msx ZpB am{xw snøp-i-bm-sw- n AXv ZpB-bpsS acym-z-isf pdn v Adnbn F mwv sxfn-bn- p- -Xv. A m-lp-hns\ ]co- n- p-ibmwv CXp-ap-tJ\ snøp- -Xv. F m hkvxp- -fn am{xw B{ibw Is -Øp-Ibpw ZpB Dt]- n- p-ibpw snøp-i-bmsw- n CXns\ \nco-iz-cxzw F mwv ]d-bp-i. icn pw Hm Ωn- p-i. ZpB F henb kº-øv Dt]- n- m-ø-hs Zo\nepw Zp bm-hnepw Hcm-]Øpw hcp- -X-. \mep-`m-køpw kmbp-[-cmb ]S-bm-fn-I-fm hebw snøs kpi- -amb tim - -I-ØmWv C q- -cp- -Xv. F m ZpB-sb Ah-K-Wn- p- -h Bbp-[- an- mø _e-lo-\-\mb Hcp hy n-sb-t m-se-bm-wv. am{x-a Abmƒ h\y-ar-k-ß-fmepw D]-{Z-h-Im-cn-I-fmb P p- -fmepw \nd- n-cn- p Hcp h\m- -c-øn-ep-am-wv. Cß-s\-bp hy n Xm A]-I-S-Øn-em-sW v thkw Xncn- -dn-bp- p. Hcp \nan-jt\-cw- sim v Cu ark-øns B{I-a-W-Øn Abmƒ AI-s - Sp- -Xm-Wv. Abm-fpsS F pw txmept]mepw ImWm-\p- m-hn-. AXp-sIm v Hm p-i. a\p-jys bym ku`m-kyhpw c - p am Khpw Cu ZpB-bm-Wv. Ahs A`-b-tI{µw Cu ZpB-bm-Wv. Ah Ft mgpw CXn apgpin Ccn-t - -Xm-Wv. emtlm-dn sh p-x-s -bp as mcp apvenkn sh v ]d- p. kz`mh kwkv -c-w-øn-\p-tijw c m-asø Imcyw ZpB aptj\ A m-lp-hns ]hn-{x-amb kvt\lw Ic-ÿ-am- pi F -Xm-Wv. \m\m-xcw Xn -bn \n pw ]m]-øn \n pw AI- n-cn- p-i. AI-Øp amen-\y-ß-sf mw AI n ]cn-ip- -amb \o Xp- n-t]mse Bbn-Øo-cm {ian- p-i. Cu Ahÿ Ic-ÿam- m-øn-s-tømfw Imew A]-ISw ]Xn-bn-c- p p F v a\-n-em- p-i. ZpB-tbm-sSm w `uxni am -ßƒ ssisbm-gn-bm-xn-cn- p- I. ImcWw A mlp am -ßƒ Ah-ew-`n- p- -Xns\ CjvS-s -Sp- p. AXp-sIm- m-wv F v ]d- p-sim v 4 hnip Jp -B kxyw snbvxn-cn- p- -Xv. {]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-lcn- p- -Xn\mbn {]m n- p-ibpw a p am -ßƒ Ah-ew-`n- p- Ibpw Ahs\ \in- n- p kz-p-ifpw Iq p-si- p-ifpw kulr-z-ßfpw F mw Dt]- n- p-ibpw snbvxp-sim v BNmcm-\p-jvTm\w F \ne- - msx ZpB-bn apgp-ip-ibpw snbv Xm Hcp Znhkw kzmim-cy-x-bpss Ahÿ ssih-cp- -Xm-Wv. Ipd v Imew {]m n v ]ns hn v If-bpI F Xv P\-ßfpsS sx m-wv. Rßƒ C{X-am{Xw ZpB snbvxn pw kzoi-cn- s - n F o- q- ]cm-xn-s -Sp-Ibpw snøp- p. F m ZpB th coxn-bn Ch snbvxnt C. ]ns AsX-ßs\ kzoicn- m. Hcmƒ v hni- p-s - n, \ Zml-ap-s - n Abmƒ Hcp awn Zm\yw Ign v AX Hcp Xp n sh w IpSn v F\n v hbdv \nd- n- n- m-sb v ]cm-xn-s -Sp-I-bm-sW- n Abm-fpsS ]cmxn ]cn-k-w-\m l-amtwm? A Hcn- -ep-a-. Abmƒ th am{x-bn ` -Whpw ]m\o-bhpw D]-tbm-Kn- n- n-s - n Hcp {]tbm-p\hpw D m-ip- -X-. ZpB-bpsS Ah-ÿbpw CXp-Xs -bm-wv. a\p-jy ÿnc-x-tbm-sp-iqsn F m acym-zbpw ]men- p-sim v ZpB snøp-i-bm-sw- n AtXm-sSm w kzoim-cy-x-bpss ka-bhpw hs -Øn-bm Xs e yw Hcp-\mƒ Ah t\spsa v {]Xo- n- mw. F m hgn-bn sh v Dt]- n- m B hy n \in-s m-sp-ßn. ]ecpw \in- m Xøm-dm-bn- \n - p- p. B]m-Z-NqSw Xn -I-fn Ign-bp- - a\p-j-y\v A ]w \mfp- I-fn am{xw snøp {]m \ F v ^e-w \ Im\mWv. AtXm-sSm w s]mß- w, {]I-S-\m-fl-I-X, Al- mcw XpS-ßnb Zqiy-ß-fp-ap-s - n Ah-sb mw kzv{]-h Ø-\-ßsf hrym-hnem- n- -f-bp- -Xm-Wv. kzv{]h Øn-bpsS DZm-l-cWw Hcp ] nsb-t]m-se-bm-wv. AXns\ kxy-øns bpw Bflm -X-bp-sSbpw Iq n AS- n- m AXv \n pw. A m-sb- n AXv ]d- p-if-bpw. A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-an- msx CXv km[y-a-. A mlp ]d-bp- F -XpsIm v ChnsS A -am- p- Xv Cu {]h Ø-\-Øn Hcp hn[ Xn -bp-ssbpw em -\-t]mepw D m-im ]msn-, KpWw -am- {X-am-bn-cn- -Ww, Al- mcw ]msn-, s]mß w ]msn-, Al ]msn-, In_vdv ]msn-, ico-tc- -Iƒ v e o-`-hn- p- -Xm-I-cp- Xv. P\-{i BI jn- m-\p-am-i-cp-xv. F{X-am-{X-sa- m \c-isø- p-dn pw kz K-sØ- p-dn- p-t]mepw Nn -bp- m-bn-cn- -cp- Xv. Cu {]h Ø\w A m-lp-hns {]oxn am{xw B{K-ln- psim- m-bn-cn- Ww sntø- -Xv. at -sx- nepw e yw \mw apºn I m Xo -bmbpw ASn-sX- pw. CXns t]cmwv in v F Xv. Hcp I v Nmbt m as -s - nepw hkvxp-hnt\m th n am{xap kulrzw F v kulr-z-am-wv. Cß-s\-bp kplrøv C n-[-im-cy-øn Ipdhv hcp-øp- Xv I m DSs\ kulrzw Dt]- n- p- -Xm-Wv. Rßƒ v [\w In -Ww, a sf e`n- - Ww, Cu {]h Ø-\-Øn Rßƒ v hnpbw e`n- Ww F Dt±-iy-tØmsS h -hcpw A m-lp-hp-ambn _ w sh p- p-s - n Ah-cpsS _ w Xm m-eniw am{x-a-bm-cn- pw. AhcpsS hnizmkw Xs A]-I-S-Øn-em-Wv. Ah-cpsS e y-ßƒ

5 t\sp- -Xn\v h A]m-I-Xbpw t\cn- m B \mfn Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-øn\v tim w X p- -Xm-Wv. AXn-\m at -sx- nepw Imcyem-`-Øn-\mbn A m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n- m-ø-h-\mwv bym hnizm-kn. 1904 HmIvtSm-_-dn emtlm-dn \S Hcp kz-n sh v ]d- p. \mhp-sim v sszhap-s v G p-]-d-bp- -h ]ecp-ap- v. F m Ahsc H v ]co- n- p-t\m- n-bm D n \nco-iz-c-xz-am-sw v ImWmw. ImcWw `uxni Imcy-ß-fn apgp- Ip- -h A m-lp-hns tim]-tøbpw al-xz-søbpw ]q Æambpw ad- p- p. AXn-\m ZpB aptj\ A m-lp-hns aavcn^øv txts- Xv \nßƒ v \n _- -am-wv. CXn- msx ZrV- m\w ssih-cp- -X-. A m-lp-am-bp _ w hnt -Zn- p- Xv ac-w-xp- y-am-sw t_[yw hcp- -Xp-hsc CXp Ic-ÿ-am- Ip- -X-. ]m]m-øn \n v c -s -Sm ZpB snøp- -txmssm w `uxni am -ßfpw Ah-ew-`n- p-i. Xn v t{]cw \ Ip kz-p-iƒ Dt]- n- p-ibpw snøp-i. C m-cyw bphm- ƒ {]txyiw {i n-t - -Xm-Wv. ]m]-ønte v t{]cn- n- p `uxn-i-amb \m\m-xcw kz-p-ifpw Iq psi- p-ifpw Dt]- n- p-ibpw {]m n- p-sim- n-cn-t - -Xp-am- Wv. a\p-jy-t\m-ssm w D m-ip hn]-øp-iƒ A m-lp-hns klm-b-an- sx AI- -s -Sp- -sx-s Imcyw Hm p-i. A p-t\cw A\p-jvSn- -s -Sp \a-kv m-c-øn \ Ip ktµ-ihpw CXp-X-s. AXm-bXv AXns\ ico-tc- -I-fn \n pw kpc- n-x-am- p- n-s - n icn-bmb \a-kv mcw Bbn-cn- n-. Ipºn-Sepw \ocepw F txm Hc-\p-jvTm\w F \ne v A\pjvTn v ho tem A \a-kv mcw sim v Dt±-in- p- -Xv. lrzbw IqSn Adn-bp- -Xm-bn-cn- Ww \a-kv m-cw. Bflmhv DcpIn `bm- \-I-amb Ah-ÿ-bn sszh-k-hn-[-øn hog-ww. Ign-h-\p-kcn v ` n km{µ-amb Ahÿ ssih-cn- m\pw {ian-t - -Xm- Wv. D p-cpin {]m n- p-i. a\-ns AI-Øp hen- - Ø-chpw Xn bpw AI- -s -S-Ww. Cß-s\-bp \a-kv m-c-amwv A\p-{K-lo-X-am-Ip- -Xv. CXn ÿnc-nn-øx ImWn- p-i-bm-sw- n cm{xnbnsem ]Isem Ahs lrz-b-øn Hcp {]Imiw Cd-ßp- -Xmbn Ah ImWp- -Xm-Wv. \^vsk AΩm-d-bpsS s]mß w Ipd- -Xmbn Ah\v A\p-`-h-s -Spw. ]mºn hnj-ap- -Xv t]mse \^vsk AΩm-d-bnepw hnj-ap- v. CXn-\p hnj-nn- In AXv krjvsn- -hs ] -em-wp- -Xv. (\-ap v \mi-ap- m- p hkvxp- ƒ p {]Xn-hn[n A m-lp-hns ] -em-wp- -Xv. AXp-sIm v B {]Xn-hn[n A m-lp-hn-t\msv tnmzn- p-i) 1904 ]pxp-xmbn ss_aøv snbvx-h-cp Hcp apven kn sh v ]d- p. ZpB snøp-tºmƒ Xs Nn -Ifpw lrzbm-h-ÿbpw a\p-jy ]cn-tim-[n-t - -Xm-Wv. Ahs Xm ]cyw `uxn-i-x-tbm-smtwm AtXm ax-tøm-smtwm F v t\m p I. Ah snøp ZpB-Iƒ IqSp-Xepw `uxn-i-kp-j-øn-\mbmtwm AtXm ax-øns tkh-\-øn-\m-bmtwm snøp- -Xv.(CXv t\m v sntø Imcy-am-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw Xm ]cyw Zo\nt\m-SmtWm AtXm Zp bm-hn-t\m-smtwm F v ]cn-tim-[n- p-i. CXn\v am\-z-wvv-ambn ]d- n- p- Xv \mw snøp {]m -\- I-fn A[n-Ihpw `uxni kpjm-vw-_-c-øn\v th n-bmtwm snøp- Xv AtXm ax-]-c-amb Bh-iy-ßƒ v th n-bm-twm) InS pw Ccp pw \S pw `uxn-i-x-bmwv Ft mgpw e yw sh p- -sx pw Zo\n-t\mSv {]Xn-]Øn Ipd-hm-sW pw a\-nem-hp-i-bm-sw- n Ah Xs Ah-ÿ-tbm Øv kzbw hne- ]n- s. (Zo-\n- msx Zp bmhv am{x-am-sw- n kz w Ahÿ Hm Øv Ic-bs.) Acbpw Xebpw apdp n `uxn-i-t\ w simøm P\-ßƒ Cd-ßp- -Xmbn ]e-t mgpw I p-h-cp- p. AXn-\mbn {]m n- p-ibpw snøp- p. Cß-s\-bp- -h hnhn-[-xcw tcmk-øns ]nsn-bn hcp- p. Nne {`m -cm-bn-øo-cp- p. F m F mw Zo\n-\p-th- n-bp- -Xm-sW- n A n-[-am-fp-isf A mlp Hcn- epw ]mgm- p- -X-. hm n-s bpw {]h Øn-bp-sSbpw DZml-cWw Hcp [m\y-sø-t]m-se-bm-wv. Hcmƒ v [m\yw \ Ip-Ibpw AXv D]-tbm-Kn- msx hn p-i-f-bp-ibpw snbvxm Iptd Ignbp-tºmƒ AXv tisp-h-cpw. CtX-t]mse hm p-iƒ am{x-am-hp- Ibpw AX-\p-k-cn v {]h Øn-bn-s - n Ipsd Ign-bp-tºmƒ B hm pw C m-xm-bn-øo-cp- -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm v {]h Ø-\- ß-fn apt -dm {ian-t - -Xm-Wv. (hnøv apf- n- m AXn \n pw snsn hf v hcpw. shdpsx sh m AXv NoØ-bm-Ip- -Xm-Wv) 1908 P\p-h-cn-bn Hcp kz-n sh v C{]-Imcw ]d- p. F mwv ZpB? ZpB c v coxn-bnep v. H v km[m-cw coxnbn. c v a\p-jy AXns\ ]q Æ-X-bn-se-Øn- p- p. bym -Øn-ep ZpB CXm-Wv. GsX- nepw {]bm-k-øn AIs -Sp- -Xn-\p-apsº Xs ZpB sntø- -Xm-Wv. ({]bm-k-ßƒ h m am{xw ZpB snbvxm t]mcm. s]mxp-hn ZpB snbvxpsim-t -bn-cn-t - -Xm-Wv.) A m-lp-hns Dt±-iy-ßƒ Fs - mam-sw v Ah-s\- -dn-bmw. \msf F mwp kw`-hn- pi F pw Ah-\-dn-bp- n-. AXp-sIm v t\csø Xs ZpB snøp-i. F m c -s -Sp- -Xm-Wv. Nne-t mƒ ZpB v t]mepw Ahkcw \ ImsX {]bm-k-ßƒ hcp- p. AXp-sIm v t\csø ZpB snbvxp-sh- n- p-s - n Cu hn]xvl -Øn ^ew \ Ip- -Xm-Wv. ZpB-bpsS {]m[m-\y-am-wn-xv. Hcp {]kw-k-at[y B alm-flmhv ]d- p. a\p-jys _mly-amb krjvsn v AXm-bXv Ahs Ccp-ssI-Ifpw Ccp-Imep-Ifpw ]c-kv]cw klm-bøns AS-bm-f-am-Wv. Cu Hcp Zriyw \ap v a\p-jy-\n Xs ImWm-sa n-cnt \ -bnepw XJvhbnepw ]c-kv]cw \l-i-cn- pi F I ]\ a\-n-em- m F mwv {]bm-k-sa v a\-n-em-ip- n-. (a-\pjy ico-c- Øns krjvsm-hv Xs ]c-kv]cw kl-i-cn- -W-sa v \tωmsv ]d-bp- p.) F v a\-n-em- m F mwv {]bm-kw. km[\ kma-{kn-ifpw ZpB aptj\ At\zjn- pi F mwv F\n v ]d-bm-\p- -Xv. ]c-kv]c kl-i-c-

sø- p-dn v ]d-bp-tºmƒ a\pjy ico-c-øn Xs ]c-kv]-ck-l-i-c-w-øns amxri Im ti AXns\ Bsc- nepw [n cn- p-sa v Rm Icp-Xp- n-. Cu Imcyw temiøv hy -am- p- -Xn- mbn temiøv A mlp {]hm-n-i- ir-je Xs ÿm]n- n- p- v. A mlp Dt±-in- n-cp-s - n Cu {]hm-n-i- m v Hcp hn[ -k-lm-bhpw th mø Ahÿ kwpm-x-am- m Ign-hp- -h-\m-bn-cn- p p F -, Ign-hp- -h-\mwv A m-lp. F n pw B {]hm-n-i- m-cpss Pohn-X-Ønepw F v tnmzn- p Hc-h-kcw hcp- p. Ah-sc m A - -j-w- Øn\mbn bmnn- p bmn-i-s\-t m-se-bmtwm Cu bmn\ \S- Øp- Xv A. -F v ]d-bp-tºmgpw AXn Hcp alxzw DƒsIm- p- p- v. Ah temi-øn\v `uxni am K-ßƒ Ah-ew-`n-t - Xv Fßn-s\-bm-sW v ]Tn n psim-sp- p-i-bmwv snøp- -Xv. ({]hm-n-i- m A m-lp-hns klm-bn- Ifmcps v tnmzn- p- Xv P\-ßsf ]Tn- n- m\mwv) AXpw ZpB-bpsS Hcp hip- v X-s -bm-wv. Ah v A m-lp-hn ]q Æ hnizm-khpw Ahs hmkvzm-\-øn ZrV- m-\hpw Ds - -Xn kwi-b-an-. F- Xv A m-lp-hns Aew-L-\o-b-amb Hcp hmkvzm-\-am-sw v Ah -dn-bmw. A mlp Hcm-fpsS lrz-b-øn klm-bn- m- \p Nn CSp- n-s - n Abmƒ v Fßns\ klm-bn- m km[n- p- -Xm-Wv. bym -Øn icn- p-ap klm-bnbpw kl-im-cnbpw A m-lp-hns ]cn-ip AkvXnXzw H v am{x-am-wv. Ahs al-xz-ambn ]d- -Xv. \nava auem h \nava -ko h \nava hio -F mwv. temihpw euin-i- k-lm-bhpw Cu hcn-jvt- Zm-k-cpsS apºn arx-xp- y-am-wv. NØ IoS-Øn-\-{Xbpw hnet]mepw AXn-\n-. F n-cp- mepw temi-øn\v ZpB-bpsS Hcp km[m-cw am w ImWn- p-sim-sp- p- -Xn-\mWv Ah Cu am Kw kzoi-cn- p- -Xv. Xß-fpsS {]h Ø-\-ß-fpsS B{i-bsa mw Ah A m-lp-hn-s\-bmwv a\-n-em- p- -Xv. hlph bxh- -kzm-en-lo - F- Xv XnI pw kxy-am-wv. Xß-fpsS {]h Ø- \-ßƒ a p- -h aptj\ {]I-S-am- p- -Xn- mbn A mlp AhtcmSv ]d-bp- p. \ΩpsS {]hm-n-i hnhn[ Ah-k-c-ßfn klm-b-øn-\mbn D]-tZ-in- m-dp- m-bn-cp- p. ImcWw sszhk-lmbw Cd-ßm-\p Ah-k-c-am-bn-cp p Ah-sb- mw. 6 ]d-bp- p. ZpB-bpsS DZm-l-cWw, \ sxfn \ocp-dhsbt mse-bm-wv. B \ocp-d-h- -SpØv Hcp hnizmkn Ccn- p- p. Ah\v Ft mƒ thw-sa- nepw Cu Dd-h-bn \n pw ]m\w snøm-hp- -Xm-Wv. sh -an- msx Hcp a y-øn\v Poh \ne- \n Øm Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse Hcp hniz-kn-bpss sh w ZpBbm-Wv. AXn msx Ah\v Pohn- n-cn- m Ign-bn-. Cu ZpBbp-sS bym ÿm\w \a-kv m-c-am-wv. AXn Hcp hnizmkn v ]q Æ-amb B\-µhpw A\p-`q-Xnbpw kwxr-]vxnbpw Icÿ-am- p- p. Hcp Zp \-S- p-im-c\v euin-i-x-bn e`n- p `uxn-im-\p-`q-xn-iƒ CXn-s -Xn-cn H p-a-. ZpB aptj\ \ap v Ic-ÿ-am-Ip G hpw t{ijvt-amb Imcyw sszh-km-ao]yamip- p. ZpB aptj-\-bmwv a\p-jy A m-lp-hns kman]yw Icÿ-am- p- Xpw Ahn-\n-te v hen- -Sp- n- -s -Sp- -Xpw. hnizmkn-bpss ZpB ]q Æ Bflm X-tbmSpw ]q Æ-amb hnebw {]m]n- p-sim- p-am-ip-tºmƒ A m-lp-hn\v Ah-t\mSv IcpW txm p-ibpw Aßs\ A mlp Ahs kwc- -I-\m-bn-Øocp-Ibpw snøp- p. a\p-jy Xs Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn v Nn n- ncp-s - n A m-lp-hns kwc- -W-an- msx a\p-jy-po-hnxw ZpjvI-c-am-bn-Øo-cp- -Xm-sW v a\-n-em-ip-am-bn-cp p. t\m p- I. a\p-jy {]mb-]q Øn-bn-se-Øp-Ibpw Xs em` \jvs-ßsf- p-dn v a\-n-em- m XpS-ßp-Ibpw snøp-tºmƒ ]cm-p-bß-fp-ssbpw \ncm-i-i-fp-ssbpw XI -bp-ssbpw Hcp \o irwje Xs XpS-ßp- p. AXn \n pw c -s -Sm hnhn-[-am Kßƒ Ah Ah-ew-`n- p- p. kº-øp-sim pw `c-wm-[n-i-tfm- Sp _ w aptj-\bpw hnhn-[-bn-\w IpX-{ -ßƒ aptj-\bpw Ah c -s -Sm XpS-ßp- p. (`u-xn-i-ambn GsX- nepw {]bmk-øn AI-s - m AXn \n pw c -s -Sp- -Xn-\mbn Ah ]e am K-ßfpw kzoi-cn- pw. ]W-ap-s - n AXv D]- tbm-kn- pw. D -X-D-tZym-K-ÿ-cp-ambn _ -ap-s - n B _ - ßsf Ah D]-tbm-K-s -Sp-Øp- p. AtX-t]mse GsX- nepw am Kw kzoi-cn pw AXn \n pw c -s -Sm Ah {ian- p- p.) F m AXn hnp-bn- pi F Xv {]bm-k-i-c-am-wv. Nne-t mƒ Ahs C n-[-ap {]h Ø-\-Øns ]cn-wn-x- ^- e-ambn Ah\v Bfl-lXy sntø- -Xmbnhsc hcp- p. Cu `uxn- I-cmbh v t\cn-ts- n-h-cp {]bm-k-ßfpw _p n-ap- p-ifpw \mw A m-lp-hns hcnjvt Zmk-cp-ambpw {]hm-n-i-cp-ambpw X n- p-t\m- p-i-bm-sw- n Ch v t\cn-ts- n-h-cp {]bm-k-ß {]hm-n-i- m-cpss {]bm-k-ßƒ v apºn H p-a-. F m {]hm-n-i- m t t - n-h-cp {]bm-k-ßƒ Hcn- epw Ahsc ZpxJn- n- p-itbm \ncm-i-cm- p-itbm snøp- n-. (A- ºn-bm- ƒ pw Huen-bm- ƒ pw hcp {]bm-k-ßƒ Ahsc ZpxJ-Øn-em-gvØp- n-.) Ah-cpsS kt m-j-ønepw B\-µ-Ønepw CsXm pw Hcp hyxn-bm-\hpw hcp-øp- n-. ImcWw Xß-fpsS ZpB aptj\ Ah A m-lp-hns kwc- -W-Øn-emWv \nesim- p- -Xv. Hcmƒ v Hcp `c-wm-[n-im-cn-bp-ambn \ _ -aps - n AtXm-sSm w F v {]bmkw t\cn- mepw Rm klmbn- p-sa v B `c-wm-[n-imcn Ct±-l-Øn\v Dd v \ pibpw snbvxn- p-s - n B `c-wm-[n-im-cn v ]cn-l-cn- m Ign-bp Xc-Øn-ep h {]bm-k-ønepw Cu hy n AI-s - m Xs km[m-c-w- msc At]- n v Cu hy n v ZpxJtam hyk-\tam D m-bn-cn- n-. F m Cu `c-wm-[n-im-cn-tb- mfpw IqSp-X i -amb _ w k m-[n-im-cn-bmb A m-lp-hn-t\m-sp Hcp apavan {]bm-k-ßƒ D m-ip-tºmƒ Fßns\ `b-s -Sm. Aºn-bm- ƒ p- m-ip {]bm-k-ß-fpss ]Øn-sem-cwiw t]mepw a m-cn-se- nepw D m-bm Ah v PohnXw apt m v

sim p-t]m-im-\p Icp-ØvXs D m-in-. C q temitø v kwkv -c-w-øn-\mbn hcp-tºmƒ temiw H -S w AhcpsS i{xp-hmbn amdp- p. e - -W- n\v t] Ah-cpsS c - Zm-ln-I-fmbnØocp- p. F m Cu A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fmb i{xp- ƒt]mepw Ah-cpsS kzÿ-x v `wkw hcp-øp- -X-. Hcmƒ v Hcp i{xp-hp- m-bm Hcp \nan-j-w- Xs Ahs `b-øn \n pw Ah ap -\m-bn-cn- n-. F m ChnsS \msv H -S w i{xp-x-bn-em-wv. F n- pw {]hm-n-i im n kam- [m-\- Po-hnXw \bn- p- p. Cu {]bm-k-i-c-amb Ah-ÿ-I-sfsb mw XnI kuay-x-tbmss Ah t\cn-sp- p. kl-\w- Xs Hcp apavpnk-øm-wv. Idm-a-Øm-Wv. dkq bpss ÿnc-nn- ØX F Xv e - -W- n\v apavpnk-øp-i-tf- mfpw henb apavpnk-øm-wv. kaqlw H -S w FXn Øn pw kºøns bpw `c-w-iq-s-øn-s bpw `uxn-i-ta t m-gva-bp-ssbpw kpµ-cn- I-fmb Xcp-Wo-a-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw taml-\-hm-kvzm-\-ßƒ D m-bn pw emc-eml C - mlv F {]t_m-[-\-øn \n v hn p-\n m- \p kaq-l-øns kω Zw D m-bn pw Xncp-\_n AXn \n pw ]n am-dmsx ]d- Xv; Rm Fs ] \n mwv CXv ]d-bp- -sx- n CsX mw kzoi-cn- p-am-bn-cp- p F m Fs sszh-øns CwKn-X-{]-Im-c-amWv Rm\nXv snøp- -Xv F {]hm-n-is hm p-iƒ adp-`m-køv Cu F m {]bm-kß fpw kln- pi F Xpw a\p-jy-i-gn-hn- - p-d-ap apavpnkøv Xs -bm-wv. Cu F m i n-bpw abpw F mw Hcp hnizmkn v e`n- p- Xv, A mlp hnizm-kn v \ In-bn-cn- p {]m -\-bpss i n aptj-\-bm-wv. Ch-cpsS thz-\m-\n `-c-amb {]m \ Nne-t mƒ sime-bm-fn-i-fpss ] -Xn-Isf XI sødn-bp- p. lzvdøv Da Xncp-\_n sb h[n- m-\mbn t]mb kw`hw \nßƒ ti n-cn- pw. A_q-P-l A v \m n Xncp-\-_n sb h[n- p- -h v ]e-hn[ kωm-\-ßfpw e`n- p- -Xm-sW v hn m-]\w hnf-º-c-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp- p. lzvdøv Da Ckvemw kzoi-cn- p- -Xn\vapºv A_q-P-l-en-t\mSv Icm snøp-ibpw Xncp-\_n sb h[n- m Xøm-dm-Ip- Ibpw snbvxp. At±lw Ah-kcw ]m Øn-cn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. At\z-j-W-Øn In nb hnhcw Xncp-\_n A -cm-{xnbn IA_bn \a-kv m-c-øn-\mbn hcm-dp-s v Adn- p. CXp-X-s -bmwv ] nb Ah-k-c-sa v a\-n-em- nb lzvdøv Da sship-t cw IAv_bn h v Hfn- n-cp- p. A cm{xn Ign- -t mƒ Im n \n pw emc-eml C - mlv F i_vzw apg-ßn-t ƒ m XpS-ßn. Xncp-\_n kppq-zn InS- p-tºmƒ h[n- m-sa v Da πm snbvxp. \_n lrzb -s\m-º-c-tømss sszh-k-a w Xs A -\-Iƒ A n- p. kppq-zn lzvdø Da-dns lrzbw amdn-a-dn-bp coxn-bn sszhk-hn-[-øn sszhsø kvxpxn- p. Aßs\ Da-dns ss[cyw tnm p-t]m-bn. A{I-a-hm-k\ Ipd- p. \a-kv mcw Ah-km- \n- n v Xncp-\_n ho n-te v ]pd-s - -t mƒ Dadpw At±lsØ ]n ]- n. Xncp-\_n i_vzw ti -t mƒ Bcm-sW v tnmzn- p. Da-dm-sW- -dn- -t mƒ tnmzn- p. Da! Fs shdp 7 sx- hn-sn-s. lzvdøv Da im]- {]m \ snøptam Ft m Øv ]d- p. lpkq Rm Xm sf h[n- m-\p Dt±-iy-sa mw Dt]- n- n-cn- p- p. F\n- mbn im]-{]m \ \S-Øm-Xn-cp- m epw. Da ]d-bm-dp- m-bn-cp- p. Ckveman-t\m-Sp kvt\lw Fs lrz-b-øn {]th-in BZy-cm{Xn AXm-bn-cp- p. ]d-bp- p. Zpiv{]-Ir-X- m-c-\mb i{xp \tωm-sp hntcm-[w- Im-cWw \ΩpsS Hmtcm Imcy-sØ- p-dn pw Bt -]n- p-i-bmwv snøp- -Xv. ImcWw Ah-cpsS lrzbw tami-am-wv. Bcp-sS-sb- nepw lrzbw tami-am-bm \m\m-`m-køpw Ccp- mwv Ah v Zriy-am-Ip-I.Cu t`mj am ]dbp Xv, Rm shdpsx Ccn p- I-bm-Wv H pw snøp- n F m-wv. F m hmkvzø ako-lns\- p-dn v hmsf-sp- p-sat m bp w snøp-sat m Fhn-sSbpw Fgp-Xn-bn- n- F Imcyw Ah Adn-bp- n-. ako-lns DuØp-sIm v Im^n-dp-Iƒ \in- p-sa- mwv Fgp-Xn-bn- p- -Xv. AXm-bXv ZpB aptj\ At±lw Xs {]h Øn-I-sf mw snøp- -Xm-Wv. Rm ]pd-øn-dßn ] -Ww-tXmdpw Np n-b-xp-sim v h {]tbm-p-\hpw D m-ip-am-bn-cp psh n Rm Hcp \nan-j- t\- cw- t]mepw ChnsS Ccn- p-am-bn-cp- n-. F m Np n- -d-ßp- -XvsIm v Imev tx p-t]m-ip-i-b- msx as mcp t\ hpw D m- In-s v F\n- -dn-bmw. \mw Ic-ÿ-am- m\m{k-ln- p F mw ZpB aptj\ am{xta Ic-ÿ-am- m km[n- p-i-bp- q. ZpB-bn ]e i n-i-fp-ap- v. ]d-bp- p. Hcn- Hcp cmpmhv as mcp cmpysø B{In-an- m Xøm-dmbn ]pd-s - p. hgn-at[y Hcp `n p At±-l-Øns IpXn-c-bpsS ISn- m ]nsn- p-sim v ]d- p. \nßƒ apt m v \oß-cpxv As - n Rm Xm -tfmsv t]mcm-sp- -Xm-Wv. cmpmhv CXvI v A p-xs - p. F n v tnmzn- p. \nßƒ Hcp ]mhw. Bbp-[-am-sW- n H pw ssiøn C -Xm-\pw. Ft msv Fßs\ t]mcm-sm- \m-wv.? `n p ]d p. kp_vln t\csø ZpB-bm-Ip Bbp[w sim v \nßƒs -Xn-cn Rm bp w snøp- -Xm- Wv. cmpmhv ]d- p. AXns\ t\cn-sm F\n v Ign-bn-. CXpw ]d v At±lw Xncn- p-t]m-bn. Npcp- -Øn ZpB-bn A mlp hnhn-[-xcw i n-iƒ sh n- p- v. A mlp ]e-hpcp C lm-ap-iƒ aptj\ Ft msv ]d- n- p- Xv, F v Xs \S- -W-sa- nepw ZpB aptj\ am{xta \S- p-i-bp-f-fq F mwv. \ΩpsS Bbp[w ZpB-bm-Wv. CX- msx as mcp Bbp-[hpw \ΩpsS ] -en-. \mw ]tcm- -ambn tnmzn- p- Xv A mlp {]Xy- -ambn ImWn- p-x-cp- p. apºp FXn-cm-fnIsf Nne {]hm-n-i- m aptj\ A mlp in n- n-cp- p. F m \mw Zp _-e\pw \ncm-ew-_-\p-am-sw v A m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. AXpsIm v \ΩpsS F m {]h Ønbpw Ah Xs Ic-ß-fn FSp-Øn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. Ckveman\v hnp-b-øn-\p Htc-sbmcp am Kw CXp-am-{X-am-Wv. F m ap m-h Kw CX-dn-bp- n-. bp - Øn-\p am Kw \ap- mbn Xpd- -s - n-cp-s - n AXn-\p k km[-\-km-a-{kn-ifpw \ap- v Xs \ I-s -Sp-am-bn-cp- p. \ΩpsS {]m \ AXns ti{µ-øn FØp-tºmƒ hymp m kzbw \in-s m-sp-ßpw. A ]- m-\n-i-fpw Ccp lrz-b-cpamb

i{xp- ƒ ]d-bp- Xv, Dd- hpw Xo -bp-a- msx Ct±-l-Øn\v as mcp {]h Øn-bp-an-s - m-wv. F m \ΩpsS ] ZpBsb- mfpw aq -bp as m-cm-bp-[-hpw- Xs C F -Xm-Wv. A mlp axsø GXp-co-Xn-bn-emWv hnp-bn- n- p- -sx Imcyw a\-n-em- nbh ku`m-ky-hm- m-cm-wv. ZpB-bpsS Nne DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv Rm\n v \nß-fpss apºn ka n- n-cn- p- -Xv. A mlp \ap v ZpB-bpsS hnjbw a\- n-em- m\pw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn \S- n hcp-øm-\p-ap Xu^oJv \ Ip-am-dm-I-s. A m-lp-hns AkvXn-Xz-am-bn-cn- s Ft mgpw \ΩpsS apºn-ep- -Xv. \mw Ahs {]oxn Ic-ÿ-am- -ep-am-bn-cn- -s. kt m-j-ß-fnepw k m-]-ß-fnepw A m-lphns khn-[-øn Ipºn-Sp- -hcpw Aht\mSv txsp- -Xns {]m[m\yw a\-n-em- p- -h-cp-ambnøoc-s.lzvdøv akolv au Du-Zv ambn ss_a-øns _ w ÿm]n- p-sim v \Ωn A n-x-am-ip IS-a-Iƒ a\-n-em- p- -h-cmbn \mw amd-s. \ΩpsS hm pw {]h Ønbpw A m-lp-hns {]oxn Ic-ÿ-am- p- -Xm-bnXocp- Xn\p- Xu^oJv \ Ip-am-dm-I-s. Zo\ns\ Zp bm-hn-s\- mƒ ap K-W\ \ Ip- -h-cmbn \mw amd-s. AXn- \mbn {]m n- p- -h-cm-bn-am-d-s. AlvaZn-ø-Øns FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ C m-eøv FXn v i ns -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. Pam-A-Øns kpc- n-x-xz-øn- \mbn IqSp-X {]m n- p-i. A mlp i{xp-hns F m X{ hpw Ah-cn-te v Xs Xncn- p-hn-s-s. Pam-A-Øns\ Hmtcm \nan-jhpw kwc- n- p-am-dm-i-s. A m-lpth FXn-cm-fn-Isf t\cn-sm Rßƒ \ns sim ph-cp- p. Ch-cpsS D]-{Z-h-Øn \n pw \ns A`-b-Øn hcp- p. d n C o afzveqap ^ X-kzn Fs \mym Rm A{I-an- -s - n-cn- p- p. \o Xs {]Xn-Imcw snbvxm-epw. Fs \mym F mw \ns tkh-i-cm-wv. Fs kwc- -W- Øn sht -W-ta. Fs klm-bn-t -W-sa. Ft msv IcpW snmcn-tb-w-ta. lzvdøv akolv auduzv s Hcp {]txyi ZpB D v. d n Xh-^v^-\o apkvena h A lnjv\o _nzm-en-lo Fs \mym Ckveman Xs Fs ac- n-t -W-ta. kzvhrø-tcm-ssm w Fs Iq p-ibpw sntø-w-ta. Ft mgpw \mw kmxzn-i-cpssiqssbp -h-cm-i-s. A mlp \ΩpsS Cu ZpB-Iƒ kzoi-cn- p-am-dm-i-s. lzvdøv akolv auduzv \sω sim p-t]m-im Dt±-in- p am K-ØneqsS Ncn- m \ap v A mlp Xu^oJv \ I-s. KHUTBA: HADRAT MIRZA MASROOR AHMED (atba) on 2011 May 20 at : Baitul Futuh, London Translation: M. Nasir Ahmed Kodiyathur 09497343704 Typing : M.P. Abdul Latheef Calicut Page Layout : T. Jamshad Mukkam Published by : Majlis Khuddamul Ahmadiyya, North Kerala 8