Chapter 1 Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. By understanding how natural forces affect the environment, Earth scientists can a. better predict natural disasters. c. change human nature. b. prevent natural disasters. d. change the course of history. 2. Around 200 BCE, ancient Greeks a. kept records of earthquakes. b. compiled a catalog of rocks and minerals. c. created accurate solar clocks. d. established modern science. 3. Earth science assumes that the causes of natural phenomena a. can never be fully understood. b. can be understood by studying supernatural phenomena. c. can be understood by studying ancient Greek culture. d. can be understood through careful observation. 4. As early as 780 BCE, Chinese scientists a. recorded earthquakes. b. compiled a catalog of rocks and minerals. c. created accurate solar clocks. d. established modern science. 5. The study of meteorology involves the study of a. meteors. c. outer space. b. climate. d. animals. 6. Scientific theories are often based on a. dependent variables. c. scientific laws. b. SI units. d. independent variables. 7. Space exploration technology has been used to improve a. computers, cars, and medical equipment.
b. air quality standards. c. athletic training. d. the Alaskan pipeline. 8. Which of the following is NOT part of scientific methods? a. form a hypothesis c. ask a question b. draw conclusions d. become a scientist 9. What distinguishes science from art, architecture, and philosophy? a. Nothing distinguishes science from these other human endeavors. b. Science exists to explain natural phenomena. c. They all explain natural phenomena. d. Science is more important than these other human endeavors. 10. The process of evaluating research before publication is called a. prosecution. c. peer pressure. b. persecution. d. peer review. 11. Which ancient culture kept records of earthquakes as early as 780 BCE? a. Chinese c. Babylonians b. Maya d. Greeks 12. Earth science is the scientific study of a. chemical equations. c. Earth and its universe. b. health and nutrition. d. human behavior. 13. Rocks and minerals were cataloged around 200 BCE by a. the Romans. c. the Japanese. b. the Babylonians. d. the Greeks. 14. An idea that has been tested repeatedly and gains acceptance is called a a. hypothesis. c. theory. b. law. d. controlled experiment.
15. Earth scientists help us better understand the world around us by studying how a. animals interact with humans. b. natural forces shape our environment. c. war impacts society. d. genealogy and astrology impact society. 16. What contribution did the Maya make to modern science? a. They created accurate calendars based on observations of the sun, moon, and planets. b. The created a comprehensive catalog of rocks and minerals. c. They invented the telescope. d. They were the first to use scientific methods. 17. Earth scientists assume that the causes of natural events or phenomena can be determined by a. careful observation and experimentation. b. risking human life. c. using SI units. d. formulating incorrect theories. 18. How is science different from other forms of human endeavor? a. Science is no different than any other human endeavor. b. Science is the only human endeavor that requires thought. c. The goal of science is to explain natural phenomena. d. The goal of science is to explain art and history. 19. Which of the following ideas have had far reaching effects on society? a. theory of plate tectonics, random mechanics b. theory of evolution, theory of plate technology c. theory of evolution, phantom mechanics d. theory of plate tectonics, quantum mechanics 20. Which of the following statements explains how science impacts society? a. Science does not affect society as much as some people think. b. Science creates new technology without creating any problems. c. Science creates new technology that benefits society but may also create problems. d. Science does not help us understand the world. 21. What are the four main branches of Earth science?
a. chemistry, physics, biology, zoology b. geography, astrology, phrenology, psychology c. geology, oceanography, astronomy, meteorology d. sophistry, philosophy, anthropology, neurology 22. How is science different from other areas of human endeavor? a. Science requires much more work to master. b. The goal of science is to explain natural phenomena. c. Science does not differ in any way from other areas of human endeavor. d. The goal of science conflicts with that of other human endeavors. 23. Where did scientists record earthquakes as early as 780 BCE? a. China c. Greece b. Mexico d. Japan 24. Once an idea has been tested repeatedly and gains general acceptance, the idea a. is a called a scientific law. b. is true, without any doubt. c. is considered an unproven hypothesis. d. may be the basis for a scientific theory. 25. Why might a theory or scientific law change after it has reached general acceptance? a. A theory or scientific law can never be changed. b. One scientist may become jealous of another s success. c. Further scientific research may lead to conflicting information. d. Peer reviewers might find fault with the theory prior to publication. 26. Who cataloged rocks and minerals around 200 BCE? a. the Chinese c. the Romans b. the Maya d. the Greeks 27. Who created accurate calendars based on celestial movements? a. the Europeans c. the English b. the Maya d. the Portuguese 28. Earth scientists help us understand our world by explaining
a. Earth s history and our place in the universe. b. why countries go to war. c. how to prevent natural disasters. d. how to cure diseases. 29. Science impacts society by creating new technology that a. benefits society without any downside. b. doesn t benefit society in any way. c. benefits society but may cause problems. d. is slowing down progress and further scientific research. 30. Which of the following scientific ideas has NOT had a far reaching impact on society? a. theory of plate tectonics c. theory of plate technology b. quantum mechanics d. theory of evolution 31. Earth science is the scientific study of a. human growth and development. b. Earth and the universe that surrounds Earth. c. life forms on Earth and beyond. d. Earth and the universe beyond Earth.
Chapter 1 Test Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 2. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 3. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 4. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 8. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 9. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 10. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 11. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 13. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 16. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 17. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 18. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 19. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 21. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 22. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 23. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 24. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 25. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 27. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 30. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
31. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1