Meteorites and the Early Solar System II D. S. Lauretta H. Y. McSween Jr. Editors With 88 collaborating authors Foreword by Richard P. Binzel Dedicated to Robert M. Walker and Alastair G. W. Cameron THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA PRESS Tucson in collaboration with LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE Houston
Contents Collaborating Authors Scientific Organizing Committee and Acknowledgment of Reviewers Foreword Preface xi xii xiii xv PART I: METEORITICS OVERVIEW Types of Extraterrestrial Material Available for Study M. M. Grady and I. Wright 3 Systematics and Evaluation of Meteorite Classification M. K. Weisberg, T. J. McCoy, and A. N. Krot 19 Recent Advances in Meteoritics and Cosmochemistry H. Y. McSween Jr., D. S. Lauretta, and L. A. Leshin 53 PART II: THE PRESOLAR EPOCH: METEORITIC CONSTRAINTS ON ASTRONOMICAL PROCESSES Nucleosynthesis B. S. Meyer and E. Zinner 69 Origin and Evolution of Carbonaceous Presolar Grains in Stellar Environments T. J. Bernatowicz, T. K. Croat, and T. L. Daulton 109 Meteorites and the Chemical Evolution of the Milky Way L. R. Nittler and N. Dauphas ". 127 Chemical Processes in the Interstellar Medium: Source of the Gas and Dust in the Primitive Solar Nebula J. A. NuthM, S. B. Charnley, and N. M. Johnson 147 PART ID: DISK FORMATION EPOCH: THE ASTROPHYSICAL SETTING AND INITIAL CONDITIONS OF THE SOLAR NEBULA Presolar Cloud Collapse and the Formation and Early Evolution of the Solar Nebula A. P. Boss and J. N. Goswami 171 The Population of Starting Materials Available for Solar System Construction S. Messenger, S. Sandford, and D. Brownlee 187 The Physics and Chemistry of Nebular Evolution F. J. Ciesla and S. B. Charnley 209 vn
PART IV: THE FIRST NEBULAR EPOCH: GENESIS OF THE FIRST SOLAR SYSTEM MATERIALS Timescales of the Solar Protoplanetary Disk S. S. Russell, L. Hartmann, J. Cuzzi, A. N. Krot, M. Gounelle, and S. Weidenschilling 233 Condensation of Rocky Material in Astrophysical Environments D.S.Ebel 253 The Fayalite Content of Chondritic Olivine: Obstacle to Understanding the Condensation of Rocky Material A. V. Fedkin and L. Grossman 279 Volatile Evolution and Loss A. M.Davis 295 Origin of Water Ice in the Solar System J.I.Lunine 309 PARTV: THE SECOND NEBULAR EPOCH: MATERIALS PROCESSING IN THE NEBULA Irradiation Processes in the Early Solar System M. Chaussidon and M. Gounelle 323 Solar System Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio F.Robert 341 Particle-Gas Dynamics and Primary Accretion /. N. Cuzzi and S. J. Weidenschilling 353 Transient Heating Events in the Protoplanetary Nebula H. C. Connolly Jr., S. J. Desch, R. D. Ash, and R. H. Jones 383 Chemical Processes in Igneous Calcium-Aluminum-rich Inclusions: A Mostly CMAS View of Melting and Crystallization J. R. Beckett, H. C. Connolly, and D. S. Ebel 399 Petrology and Origin of Ferromagnesian Silicate Chondrules D. S. Lauretta, H. Nagahara, and C. M. O'D. Alexander 431 PART VI: THE ACCRETION EPOCH: FORMATION OF PLANETESIMALS Chronological Constraints on Planetesimal Accretion R. H.Nichols Jr. 463 Accretion Dynamics and Timescales: Relation to Chondrites S.J. Weidenschilling and J. N. Cuzzi 473 Meteoritic Diversity and Planetesimal Formation J. Chambers 487 Trapping and Modification Processes of Noble Gases and Nitrogen in Meteorites and Their Parent Bodies R. Wieler, H. Busemann, and I. A. Franchi 499 viii
PART VII: THE PARENT-BODY EPOCH: A. ALTERATION AND METAMORPHISM Timescales and Settings for Alteration of Chondritic Meteorites A. N. Krot, I. D. Hutcheon, A. J. Brearley, O. V. Pravdivtseva, M. I. Petaev, and C. M. Hohenberg 525 Asteroidal Heating and Thermal Stratification of the Asteroid Belt A. Ghosh, S. J. Weidenschilling, H. Y. McSween Jr., and A. Rubin 555 Thermal Metamorphism in Chondrites G. R. Huss, A. E. Rubin, and J. N. Grossman 567 The Action of Water A. J. Brearley 587 The Nature and Distribution of the Organic Material in Carbonaceous Chondrites and Interplanetary Dust Particles S. Pizzarello, G. W. Cooper, and G. J. Flynn 625 Shock Effects in Meteorites T. G. Sharp and P. S. De Carli 653 Nature and Origins of Meteoritic Breccias A. Bischojf, E. R. D. Scott, K. Metzler, and C. A. Goodrich 679 PART VIE: THE PARENT-BODY EPOCH: B. MELTING AND DIFFERENTIATION Timescales of Planetesimal Differentiation in the Early Solar System M. Wadhwa, G. Srinivasan, and R. W. Carlson \ 715 Asteroid Differentiation T.J. McCoy, D. W. Mittlefehldt, and L. Wilson 733 Evolution of Asteroidal Cores N. L. Chabot and H. Haack 747 PART IX: THE PLANETARY EPOCH: METEORITES AND THE EARTH Meteorites and the Timing, Mechanisms, and Conditions of Terrestrial Planet Accretion and Early Differentiation A. N. Halliday and T. Kleine 775 Compositional Relationships Between Meteorites and Terrestrial Planets K. Righter, M. J. Drake, and E. Scott 803 Irradiation Records, Cosmic-Ray Exposure Ages, and Transfer Times of Meteorites O. Eugster, G. F. Herzog, K. Marti, and M. W. Coffee 829 Weathering of Chondritic Meteorites P. A. Bland, M. E. Zolensky, G. K. Benedix, and M. A. Sephton 853
Flux of Extraterrestrial Materials M. Zolensky, P. Bland, P. Brown, and I. Halliday 869 Terrestrial Ages of Meteorites A. J. T. Jull 889 Glossary 907 Color Section following page 918 Index 919