Faults Loading and Display in HRS-9 David Worsick, Calgary September 12, 2012
Faults Loading and Display Contents Faults in Hampson-Russell Normal Faults Strike-slip Faults Reverse Faults Thrust Faults Importing Faults Importing the Landmark Fault File Format Importing the Geoquest Charisma Format Importing Faults: Domains Importing Faults: Reading Data Managing the Fault Display Displaying Faults on Sections Displaying Faults on Maps 2
Faults in Hampson-Russell Faults can be loaded into Hampson-Russell software through the Data Loading process. Once faults have been loaded into a project, you can display those faults in any section, View3D display or map in the Hampson-Russell programs. 3
Normal Faults The software can easily handle normal faults. In these diagrams, the colors represent time or depth contours on a horizon. We expect the left part to be lower than the right because of the dip. The fault drops it even further and causes a sharp contrast. Note that normal faults are often convex in map view, as shown. 4
Normal Faults The left block is dropped lower. This example shows the same fault, but with the dip towards the right 5
Strike-slip Faults There is little vertical movement. The fault blocks slide past each other horizontally, but has only a minor local effect on time or depth contours. 6
Reverse Faults Reverse faults have a block moving upwards over another block. They cannot be handled as accurately because of the resulting overlap. If you must map such a fault, you should ignore the overlap as shown below. The right block has been moved higher and to the left. Note that a section of the lower block cannot be seen on the map. 7
Thrust Faults The overlaps are extreme. You can commonly encounter several overlapping thrust faults in one area. Thrust faults cannot be handled unless you map the horizons within every fault block as separate horizons in separate maps. In the example above, to map the top of the dark grey unit would require three separate maps, one each for the two fault slices and one for the underlying, unfaulted section. 8
Importing Faults Faults can be imported through the Processes tab or through the bottom menu of the Fault Data Explorer. Once they are imported, even the stand-alone HR programs can display them. The volume must be 3D and the file must have X-Y coordinates. 1. Select Data Loading>Fault>Import fault from file from the Processes tab of the Project Manager to bring up the Import Faults From Files window. 2. Find the directory for the Fault file. All fault files in that location will now be listed. 3. Select the file from the list on the left and click Add to put it into the list on the right. You can import several files at the same time. 4. Click Next. 9
Importing Faults 5. Select the file format : Landmark See the following slides for Landmark Fex/Fim 5000 more about these formats. Geoquest Charisma and click Next. To see the actual data format, click the Magnifying Glass icon next to the file. 10
Importing the Landmark Fault File Format Record Column Range Data Data Type 1 1 12 X position Float, mandatory 2 13 24 Y position Float, mandatory 3 25 36 Z (vertical) position Float, mandatory 4 37 39 Color Integer (1-64) 5 40 41 Type Integer (1-normal, 2-reverse, 3-strike) 6 42 43 P-Type Integer (segment 1-start, 2-mid, 3-end, 4-control point), mandatory 7 44 93 Name String, mandatory 8 94 98 Interpreter String 9 99 110 Domain String (TIME/DEPTH) 10 111 134 Survey String 11 135 154 XY Unit String (meters/feet) 12 155 160 Domain Unit String (ms/seconds for time, m/ft for depth) 11
Domain Unit 12 Example of a Landmark Fault File Format Non-mandatory fields should be blank if not filled. Mandatory fields are red Name P-Type Fault Type Colour Z-position Y-position X-position
Importing the Geoquest Charisma Format Record Data Data Type 1 X position String (length 19): not used by Hampson-Russell 2 Fault line Float: not used by Hampson-Russell 3 X position Float 4 Y position Float 5 Z (vertical) position Float 6 Name String 7 Segment ID Integer (a continuous same number indicates one segment) 8 Survey Name String 13
Survey Name Segment ID Name 14 Z Position Example of a Geoquest Charisma File Y Position X Position Fault Line X Position Not Used
Importing Faults: Domains 6. Select the Domain used for the fault (whether PS, SS or PP time, or depth) and the units. 7. Set what the xy component units are (feet or meters). 8. Click Next. 15
Importing Faults: Reading Data 9. Click Start Reading Now to read in the file. A progress bar shows the process. When a pick in the fault file cannot be read or used, it will be counted in the Rejected column. When a fault pick has been successfully loaded, it will be counted in the Inserted column. 16
Importing Faults: Summary Page The results will be displayed, showing how many data points were successfully read. 10. When the program has finished reading the files, the OK button becomes active. Click it to import the files into your project. 17
Managing the Fault Display To set which of the imported faults are displayed, their colors and other aspects, bring up the Fault Data Explorer. 18
Displaying Faults on Sections 1. To set the display parameters for faults on sections, open the Seismic View Parameter window and select the Fault Selection option. 2. Select whether to show some or all the faults. 3. If selecting faults, the available faults are displayed on the Available Faults list. Use Select or Select All to move these to the Selected Faults list. 19
Displaying Faults on Sections 1. Now select the Fault Appearance option. 2. Set whether to show fault names (and where). 3. Set the fault thickness (in pixels) and whether the fault trace is outlined. 4. If you want the name to show clearly, hiding traces behind it, then do not select a Transparent background. 5. Click OK. For no outline, enter 0 20
Displaying Faults in View3D To show faults in View3D, bring up the pop-up menu in the display and select Surface>Show/Hide Faults. This is a toggle, so select it again to hide faults. There is no way to select only some faults to display. 21
Displaying Faults on Maps To set the display parameters for faults on maps, use the View menu. Select whether to show the fault trace on the horizon being mapped and whether to show the top of the fault plane (see below). Select whether to show the fault names. 22
Known Issues with Fault Handling 1. We can only import faults defined in X-Y format using a 3D geometry. 2. We can only import faults in two Landmark formats or one Geoquest Charisma ASCII format. 3. Once faults care loaded in to a project there is no direct way within the software to delete them from the project. 4. We have found that the software and menus can be unstable when more than 20 faults are loaded/displayed. 5. When the project is opened by a program other than HRS-9, the display selections for the faults are not honored. Basically you get all faults within the project. 23