LESSON 1: THE UNIVERSE AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 1.- Choose the correct option: 1.- The Milky Way is a: a.- star b.- galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 2.- The Earth is a: a.- star b.-galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 3.- The Moon is a: a.- star b.-galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 4.- Pluto is a: a.- satellite b.- planet d.- dwarf planet 5.- The Universe is: a.- 5000 millions years old b.- 13700 years old c.- 5000 years old d.- 13700 millions years old 6.- The Universe is made of: a.- matter and energy b.- a lot of energy c.- space, matter and energy 7.- Astrology is: a.- the study of the future b.- the study of the weather c.- the study of the Universe 8.- Astronomy is: a.- the study of the future b.- the study of the weather c.- the study of the Universe
9.- We are in: a.- The Orion Arm of the Milky Way b.- The Perseus Arm of the Milky Way c.- in the middle of the Universe 10.- Stars are made of: a.- hydrogen b.- helium c.- both of them 2.- Complete the chart with move / moves / don't move / doesn't move. THE SUN EARTH THE PLANETS THE STARS Geocentric model?* Heliocentric 3.- Which planet is: 1.- the nearest to the Sun? 2.- the biggest? 3.- the only planet with a visible ring? 4.- the smallest giant planet? 5.- called the blue planet? 6.- the red planet? 7.- easy to see from the Earth?. 4.- Copy and complete these sentences: 1.-The Sun rotates..its axis every 25 days. 2.- The volume of the Sun is...the volume of the Earth. 3.- The light of the Sun... 8,4 minutes to reach the Earth. 4.- The terrestrial planets are...,...,... and.... They are made of..., and they are nearer the Sun than the gas giant planets. 5.- We can see the planets because they... the light of the Sun. 6.- The gas giant planets are... and... 7.- Most of the asteroids are located in a... around the Sun between the orbits of... and...
8.- The Universe is... years old and the Solar System is... years old. 9.- The comets are made of...,... and... 10.- When an asteroid collides with our atmosphere it gets very... If it does not vaporize and reaches the... of the Earth, we can call it a... 5.- What is the meaning of... 1.- light year? 2.- astronomical unit? 3.- comet? 4.- planet? 5.- asteroids? 6.- celestial bodies? 7.- dwarf planets? 8.- UFO (Unidentified Flying Object)? 9.- dust? 10.- core? 11.- anticlockwise? 12.- collide? 13.- beyond? 14.- orbit? 15.- round? 16.- matter? 17.- fuel? 18.- born, develop and die? 19.- size? 20.- heat? 6.- How do you say... in English? 1.- Tierra: 2.- Luna: 3.- Plutón: 4.- Universo: 5.- Sistema Solar: 6.- Galaxias: 7.- OVNI: 8.- Hidrógeno: 9.- Combustible: 10.- Vida: 11.- Cinturón de asteriodes: 12.- Cometa: 13.- Satélite: 14.- Asteroides: 15.- polvo:
7.- Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? Correct the false sentences. 1.- At the beginning the Universe was very cold. 2.- The Big Bang Theory says that a giant explosion created the Universe. 3.- In the geocentric model the Sun is the centre of the Universe.* 4.- In the heliocentric model the Earth is the centre of the Universe.* 5.- All the stars in the Universe are moving. 6.- A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. 7.- Light travels 300.000 metres per second. 8.- Copernicus invented the geocentric model.* 9.- Galileo Galilei invented the telescope.* 10.-Ptolemy invented the heliocentric model.* 11.- Everything that exists is part of the Universe. 12.- The Milky Way has a spiral structure, with spiral arms. 13.- Galaxies are groups of stars and clouds of gas and dust. 14.- Our Solar System is in the Perseus Arm. 15.- Planets emit light.* 16.- Stars don't live forever. 17.- All the stars have the same colour. 18.- The Sun's rotation movement (the Solar day) lasts 25 years. 19.- The more hydrogen a star has the longer it will live.* 20.- The Gas Giant Planets are smaller than the Terrestrial Planet.
8.- Write the names of these celestial bodies. Then put them in the correct order, from the youngest to the oldest.
9.- What kind of galaxies are these? How old are they?
10.- Work in pairs. Student A has a list of words and Student B has another list of words. Guess your partner's words. STUDENT A: 1.- TERRESTRIAL 2.- CELESTIAL 3.- LIGHT 4.- HELIOCENTRIC 5.- SOLAR 6.- ANTICLOK 7.- ASTRONOMICAL 8.- MILKY 9.- BIG 10.- ASTEROID STUDENT B: A.- BELT B.- WISE C.- PLANETS D.- BODIES E.- WAY F.- BANG G.- YEAR H.- MODEL I.- UNIT J.- SYSTEM
11.- Work in groups. Write the name of the following celestial bodies, saying at relate each sentence to one of them.*? a.- is the last of the Gas Giant Planets b.- move around the sun with very eccentric orbits c.- is similar to the surface of the Moon d.- is between Jupiter and Mars e.- is the end of a big star f.- moves with Caronte, one around the other g.- is the red planet h.- are made of ice and dust, and have two parts i.- you can see it from the Earth k.- its axis of rotation is almost on the plane of its orbit* l.- is the smallest of the Gas Giant Planets ll.- has a beautiful ring m.- you can see different colours on its surface n.- is the biggest planet ñ.- is the end of a medium star o.- there are millions of them around the Sun p.- is a dwarf planet q.- is a neutron star and it has electromagnetic radiation r.- they are the Terrestrial Planets s.- they are the Gas Giant Planets
12.- Put the letters in order and guess the word: 1.- The distance that light travels in a year 2.- Groups of stars and clouds of gas and dust. 3.- Celestial bodies which move in relation to the stars.* 4.- It has electromagnethic power. S P U R A L Y I G L E H R T A N P L E T S A X G I A E S L A 13.- Copy and complete the sentences on your notebook: A light year is an astronomical... of... It is the... that... travels in a... The distance between Earth and the... is about 150... kilometres. 14.- Solve these problems. 1.- Imagine the Sun stops shining for a moment. When will we notice? 2.- Imagine we build a spaceship. It can resist very hot temperatures and it doesn't melt. Can we go through the Sun and not collide with any solid object? 3.- Search for information about Pulsares.