1. A beam of light passes from air into water. Which is necessarily true? A) The frequency is unchanged and the wavelength increases. B) The frequency is unchanged and the wavelength decreases. C) The wavelength is unchanged and the frequency decreases. D) Both the wavelength and frequency increase. E) Both the wavelength and frequency decrease. 2. A scuba diver shines a flashlight from beneath the surface of water (n = 1.33) such that the light strikes the water-air boundary with an angle of incidence of 43. At what angle is the beam refracted? A) 31 B) 43 C) 48 D) 65 E) 90 3. A glass block with an index of refraction of 1.7 is immersed in an unknown liquid. A ray of light inside the block undergoes total internal reflection as shown in the figure. Which one of the following relations best indicates what may be concluded concerning the index of refraction of the liquid, n L? A) n L < 1.0 B) n L > 1.1 C) n L > 1.3 D) n L < 1.1 E) n L < 1.3 4. An object is placed at the focal point of a converging lens of focal length f. What is the image distance? A) f B) 2 f C) 1/f D) 2/f E) at an infinite distance Version A Page 1
5. A 2.00-cm tall object is placed 40.0 cm from a lens. The resulting image is 8.00-cm tall and upright relative to the object. Determine the focal length of the lens. A) 26.6 cm B) 32.0 cm C) 53.3 cm D) 64.0 cm E) 80.0 cm Use the following to answer questions 6-7. The figure is a scaled diagram of an object and a converging lens surrounded by air. Only one focal point, F, of the lens is shown. 6. At which of the labeled points will the image be formed? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E 7. Which pair of terms most accurately describes the image? A) real, upright B) real, inverted C) virtual, upright D) virtual, inverted E) virtual, reduced Version A Page 2
8. Which one of the following statements best explains why chromatic aberration occurs in lenses, but not in mirrors? A) The shape of the mirror prevents chromatic aberration. B) The thickness of a lens varies from top to bottom. C) The frequency of light changes when it passes through glass. D) The angle of incidence varies over the surface of a lens for incident parallel rays of light. E) Different colors of light are refracted by different amounts as the light passes through a lens. 9. Which one of the following statements best explains why interference patterns are not usually observed for light from two ordinary light bulbs? A) Diffraction effects predominate. B) The two sources are out of phase. C) The two sources are not coherent. D) The interference pattern is too small to observe. E) Light from ordinary light bulbs is not polarized. 10. A double slit is illuminated with monochromatic light of wavelength 6.00 10 2 nm. The m = 0 and m = 1 bright fringes are separated by 3.0 cm on a screen which is located 4.0 m from the slits. What is the separation between the slits? A) 4.0 10 5 m B) 8.0 10 5 m C) 1.2 10 4 m D) 1.6 10 4 m E) 2.4 10 4 m 11. A portion of a soap bubble appears green (λ = 500.0 nm in vacuum) when viewed at normal incidence in white light. Determine the two smallest, non-zero thickness' for the soap film if its index of refraction is 1.40. A) 89 nm and 179 nm B) 89 nm and 268 nm C) 125 nm and 250 nm D) 125 nm and 375 nm. E) 170 nm and 536 nm Version A Page 3
12. A spy satellite is in orbit at a distance of 1.0 10 6 m above the ground. It carries a telescope that can resolve the two rails of a railroad track that are 1.4 m apart using light of wavelength 600 nm. Which one of the following statements best describes the diameter of the lens in the telescope? A) It is less than 0.14 m. B) It is greater than 0.14 m and less than 0.23 m. C) It is greater than 0.23 m and less than 0.35 m. D) It is greater than 0.35 m and less than 0.52 m. E) It is greater than 0.52 m. 13. Which one of the following statements concerning time dilation is true? A) It is predicted by special relativity, but has never been observed. B) It has been observed only in experiments involving radioactive decay processes. C) It has been observed in experiments involving both atomic clocks and radioactive decay processes. D) It was demonstrated by the Michelson-Morley experiment. E) It has been disproved in experiments with atomic clocks. 14. During a baseball game, a batter hits a ball directly back to the pitcher who catches it. An observer flying over the stadium at a speed of 0.75c, measures 0.658 s as the time between the two events (hitting and catching the ball). What is the proper time interval between the two events? A) 0.288 s B) 0.435 s C) 0.658 s D) 0.715 s E) 0.994 s 15. A muon has rest energy 105 MeV. What is its kinetic energy when its speed is 0.95c? A) 37 MeV B) 47 MeV C) 231 MeV D) 441 MeV E) 741 MeV Version A Page 4
16. Rocket A travels with speed 0.800c relative to the earth. Rocket B passes rocket A with speed 0.500c relative to rocket A. Determine the speed of rocket B relative to the earth. Assume that the earth is an inertial reference frame. A) 0.714c B) 0.929c C) 1.30c D) 1.40c E) 1.70c 17. A laser emits a pulse of light with energy 5.0 10 3 J. Determine the number of photons in the pulse if the wavelength of light is 480 nm. A) 5.2 10 16 B) 2.5 10 19 C) 1.2 10 22 D) 3.1 10 22 E) 8.1 10 22 18. Complete the following statement: The term photon applies A) only to X-rays. B) only to visible light. C) to any form of wave motion. D) to any form of particle motion. E) to any form of electromagnetic radiation. 19. Complete the following statement: The photon or "particle" theory of electromagnetic radiation is necessary to explain the A) refraction of light by a prism. B) diffraction of light by a grating. C) reflection of light from a mirrored surface. D) results of Compton scattering experiments. E) interference of light in Young's double-slit experiment. Version A Page 5
20. A photon of wavelength 200 nm is scattered by an electron that is initially at rest. Which one of the following statements concerning the wavelength of the scattered photon is true? A) The wavelength is zero nm. B) The wavelength is 200 nm. C) The wavelength is 100 nm. D) The wavelength is greater than 200 nm. E) The wavelength is less than 200 nm, but greater than zero. 21. Determine the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron (m = 1.67 10 27 kg) that has a speed of 5.0 m/s. A) 79 nm B) 162 nm C) 395 nm D) 529 nm E) 1975 nm 22. Electrons have been removed from a beryllium atom (Z = 4) until only one remains. Determine the energy of the photon that can be emitted if the remaining electron is in the n = 2 level. A) 13.6 ev B) 54.4 ev C) 122 ev D) 164 ev E) 218 ev 23. According to the quantum mechanical picture of the atom, which one of the following is a true statement concerning the ground state electron in a hydrogen atom? A) The ground state electron has zero kinetic energy. B) The ground state electron has zero binding energy. C) The ground state electron has zero ionization energy. D) The ground state electron has zero spin angular momentum. E) The ground state electron has zero orbital angular momentum. 24. According to the Bohr model, what is the radius of a hydrogen atom when its electron is excited to the n = 9 state? A) 5.87 10 12 m B) 5.29 10 11 m C) 4.76 10 10 m D) 4.28 10 9 m E) 1.51 10 8 m Version A Page 6