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Cell Theory & The Scientists Involved By: Nicole, Sharon, Keelyn, Morgan & Katie
Anton Van Leeuwenhock Date: 1600 s Theory: saw living organisms in pond water never seen before. Occupation: invented the simple microscope
Robert Hooke Date: 1600 s Theory: Saw the first cells. Occupation: English inventor. He invented first compound microscope.
Matthias Schleiden Date: 1838 Theory: all plants are made up of cells Occupation: German botanist and master microscopist
Theodor Schwann Date: 1839 Theory: all living things are composed of cells Occupation: German physiologist and master microscopist
Rudolph Virchow Date: 1855 Theory: all new cells arise only from existing cells Occupation: German pathologist, archaeologist and anthropologist
Robert Brown Date: 1831 Theory: found nucleus present in all plant cells Occupation: Scottish botanist
Cell Theory Cells are the structural units of all living things. New cells can only arise from other cells by the process of cell division Cells are the functional units of living things 1.Cells carry on their own life functions
Viruses are not made up of cells. Where did the first cells come from? Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA.
Organelles o Organelles are found in the cytoplasm. o Each type of organelle carries out a specific function in the cell metabolism. o Some examples of organelles are ribosome's, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, Mitochondria, and centrioles. Structure of a mitochondrion
Nucleus Located in the center of a cell, the nucleus is a large, dense, membrane-enclosed body that controls the cell s metabolism and reproduction.
Nucleolus Site of RNA (ribonucleic acid) production A dense, granular body found in the nucleus
Cell membranes are semi-permeable. This means that the cell membrane only allows certain substances to pass through it.
According to the Fluid Mosaic Model the cell membrane Is a two layered structure composed of lipids and proteins. And is what we currently believe the cell membrane is composed Of.
Phagocytosis The process in which large particles or small organisms are ingested into a cell.
The process in which liquids or very small particles from the surrounding medium are taken into a cell. Another name for this process is cell drinking The substance is in contact with the surface of the cell membrane, the membrane forms a pouch. Pinocytosis
Cytoplasm A watery material in which are dissolved many of the substances in cell metabolism Between the cell membrane and the nucleus Holds the organelles Moron wearing Cytoplasm?
Endoplasmic Reticulum A system of fluid filled canals or channels enclosed by membranes Serve as a path of transport throughout the cell Rough endoplasmic reticulum are lined by ribosomes.
Ribosome An organelle that is the site of protein synthesis in a cell. They are produced by the nucleolus.
Golgi Body Serve as packaging and storing centers for the secretory products of the cell One located in a animal cell
Small, saclike structures surrounded by a single membrane Involved in the digestion of food within the food vacuoles of the cell Found in white blood cells in multicellular organisms Lysosome
Mitochondrion An oval membrane enclosed organelle in which most of the reactions of cellular respiration occur.
Mitochondrion
A hairlike organelle on the surface of a cell with the capacity for movement Green arrows point to Cilia
Involved in cell movement Only a few on the cell surface Whip-like tail 9 microtubule doublets arranged in pairs 2 microtubules in center Flagella
Flagella- a hairlike organelle At the surface of a cell, with capacity for movement
Microtubules A long, cylindrical organelle found in cilia and flagella Are also involved in the movement of the chromosomes during cell division Composed of a protein called tubulin
Microfilament A solid, thread-like organelle that can function as a supporting structure or aid in cell movement.
Now Playing At Radio City Music Hall Cyclosis- a type of circulation occurring inside a cell, in which there is a streaming motion of the cytoplasm.
Cyclosis
Vacuole A fluid-filled organelle enclosed by a membrane. Stores waste. Occupies most of the space in the cytoplasm.
Vacuoles are fluidfilled organelles enclosed by a membrane Specialized vacuole used for the digestion of food in a cell Found in various micro-organisms and simple animals Food Vacuole
Contractile Vacuole Extra water in the cell collects here and is expelled from the vacuole directly into the environment Works kind of like a water pump
Centrioles found only in animal cells, these organelles aid in cell division.
Plastid A membrane-enclosed organelle found in the cells of some protists and almost all plants. They usually store food molecules. Not found in animal cells. Ex: Chloroplast
Nucleolus Site of RNA (ribonucleic acid) production A dense, granular body found in the nucleus
Viruses are not considered not living therefore that makes them a exception from the cell theory. Also viruses do not carry out there own life functions
The cell theory can t explain viruses because Viruses contain DNA that is surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses also reproduce in living things only.
Bread molds are not living things because they do not have cells as a basic structural unit. They are unorganized cytoplasm and many nuclei, and no distinct cells.
Slime molds are not living therefore they are called nonliving. Theses cells do not have cells of a basic unit. They have an unorganized cytoplasm and many nuclei, they also do not have a distinct cell shape
Vacuoles are fluid filled organelles enclosed by a membrane. Vacuoles found in plant cells are filled with cell sap. There are two kinds of vacuoles. Food vacuoles are one kind and contractile vacuoles are another. To sum it all up, vacuoles are used for storage purposes.
Mitochondrion «An oval, membrane-enclosed organelle in which most of the reactions of cellular respiration occur.» The inner membrane is highly folded, forming cristae that extend into the mitochondrion itself. «The cristae provides a large surface area where most of the reactions of cellular respiration occur.» Often called powerhouses because nearly all the cell s energy is released here. «Typical cells contain 300 to 800 mitochondria.
«A dense, granular body, found in the nucleus of cells.» Disappear at the beginning of cell division and reappear at the end. «Are sites of production of the RNA found in ribosomes. Nucleolus
The Nucleus The Nucleus is a large round object locate at the center of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane which is selectively permeable and regulates what enters and leaves the cell. The nucleus contains one or more nucleoli, which produce RNA found in ribosome's. The nucleus is needed in order for the cell to survive. The nucleus serves as a control center for the cell metabolism and reproduction.
Plastid A membrane-enclosed organelle found in the sells of some protists and almost all plants; chloroplasts are important type of some plastids. They aren t present in cells of animals or fungi. They are bound by a double membrane and have systems of membranes within the organelle. The most important type of plastid is the chloroplasts.
Cell- the basic unit of structure and function in living things; the smallest unit in living things that shows the characteristics of life
A hairlike organelle on the surface of a cell with the capacity for movement Green arrows point to Cilia
Tara Lukawski Elise D Ammora Brendan Phillips Matt Alfonso Marc Grochocinski
Cells are the structuraland functional units of living things. Cells are microscopic. All cells are specialized to perform different functions. We willcom pare and contrast plantand animal cells.
Similarities Plant and Animal Cells Both Have: A proper nucleus Cytoplasm A cellm e m brane Chromosomes Mitochondria
Contain a cell wall Have chloroplasts Large vacuoles Rectangular shaped
Animals Do not contain a cell wall Do not contain chloroplasts Have small vacuoles Generally have spherical shape. Contain centrioles Cilia
Cilia Hair-like organelles with the capacity of movement Cilia often cover the entire cell surface Ciliated cells are often present in animals consisting of many cells