Physical Science Final Exam Review Disclaimer: this review was taken from notes, homework and other resources. This review will help you study for the exam. Only reviewing it won t guarantee that you have covered all the material for the final. Since I am not the professor, it may contain errors. 1. About 74% of the visible universe is composed of this atom: A. oxygen B. helium C. hydrogen D. chucktanium-23 2. Acceleration is a change in over time: A. distance B. velocity C. momentum D. gravity 3. TRUE FALSE: An object shot straight out of a window and parallel to the ground will slow and eventually fall due to horizontal gravity. 4. As an object in free-fall approaches the ground, all of the following constantly change except: A. acceleration B. velocity C. time D. drop distance 5. If an object has been in free-fall and dropped a total of 52m, how long has it been in free-fall? A. Round to the nearest hundredth. 6. The velocity of an object remains constant unless an unbalanced force acts on the object. This is: A. Galileo's idea B. Aristotle's view C. Newton's 2 nd Law D. Newton's 1 st Law 7. is the quantity that carries inertia A. acceleration B. sprint constant C. Planck's constant D. mass 8. More commonly known as a push or a pull: A. velocity B. mass C. force D. acceleration 9. Madeleine drives her 14kg Prius with a force of 50 N. What is her acceleration? 10. Newton's 2 nd Law of Motion is described by all except:
A. F = ma B. The net force on an object is equal to its mass times acceleration C. F net =DeltaP/Deltat D. action and reaction are equal but opposite 11. Momentum involves both the and the of a moving object: A. inertia; velocity B. mass; acceleration C. velocity; acceleration D. friction; inertia 12. In UNIFORM circular motion, velocity is to the circle path and to the radius (from center to object): A. parallel; tangent B. tangent; tangent C. perpendicular; parallel D. tangent; perpendicular 13. For an object in uniform circular motion, the object's causes the object's path to point inward: A. centripetal acceleration B. net force C. inertia D. velocity 14. All of the following are true of centripetal acceleration except: A. does not speed up the object B. does not slow down the object C. speeds up/slows down the object D. changes direction of the object 15. For an object in free-fall, traveling along a path shaped like a parabolic arc, there is always a bit of acceleration: A. in the +x direction B. in the +y direction C. toward the center of curvature D. towards the apogee 16. Gravity relies on which physical factors: A. mass of the objects B. distance between the objects C. speed of the objects D. A and B E. B and C 17. Mike's little sister, Catherine, can reach anything in the house within 1 meter of the ground. Catherine often steals Mike's phone, which weighs 3 kg. In order to stop her, he decided to give his phone some amount of GPE. What is the lowest amount of GPE necessary for his phone to be out of her reach? (Round to the nearest tenth xxx.x) A. 52.6 N*m B. 27.0 Joules
C. 29.4 Nm D. 12 Joules 18. TRUE FALSE: the periodic table of elements was originally based on properties of the elements which correlate to atomic weights. 19. All of the following are acceptable units of work except: A. N*m B. Joules C. p/t D. J 20. Once a base elevation has been defined (eg, sea level), obtaining height above that level requires A. electricity B. acceleration C. gravity D. work 21. You lift a 4.5 kg keg from floor level to 2.5m above the floor. How many joules of work are required for you to perform? 22. All of the following are forms of energy except: A. electric B. mechanical C. nuclear D. radiant E. None of the above 23. TRUE FALSE: Any form of energy can be converted into another form. 24. The rate of doing work is: A. acceleration B. velocity C. power D. momentum 25. In a vertical free fall, kinetic energy is equal to zero when: A. The object is at y=0 B. The velocity is at its maximum C. The object is at y=max D. When the GPE is equal to 0 26. Zachary sprints up 10 m of stairs in 4.6 seconds. Sydney sprints up a separate 10 m staircase in 5 seconds. Who has done more work if their mass is the same? A. Zachary B. Sydney C. Neither D. They didn t do any work 27. The rotational analog of force is: A. torque B. rotational inertia C. angular velocity D. rotational momentum
28. TRUE FALSE: Leverage depends on the force you exert and the speed at which it is applied. 29. At a temperature of 272K, what state of matter is an amount of H 2 O? 30. How many calories are required to heat a 1 gram block of ice by 1 Kelvin? 31. How many calories must be removed in order to convert 1 gram of liquid water at 273 K into a block of ice at 273 K? 32. Which of the following is not a mode of heat transport? A. conduction B. convection C. convulsion D. radiation 33. Converting 6g of water from 303 K into a block of ice at melting point requires the loss of calories. 34. Convert 400g of ice at T = 268 K to liquid water at T = 288 K. calories. 35. Waves transport and across spacetime: A. energy; motion B. energy; momentum C. force; motion D. force; momentum 36. Spring force is a(n) force. E. infinite range F. diminishing G. restoring H. unbalanced 37. TRUE FALSE: two objects are at thermal equilibrium when they have the same temperature. 38. Unit of charge = 39. For a neutral atom, the atomic number is equal to: A. # of protons in nucleus B. # of neutrons in nucleus C. # of electrons in nucleus D. A and C 40. According to de Broglie, how can an electron be treated? A. As a wave B. As a nucleus C. As gravity D. None of the above 41. Which is not true of noble gases? E. located on the far right of the periodic table F. do not combine with other elements G. monatomic H. None of the above 42. The first energy level surrounding an atom is known as: 43. Who created the first table of elements? A. Aristotle
B. Planck C. Dr. Mendeleyev D. Einstein 44. The first energy level surrounding an atom holds electrons. 45. TRUE FALSE: Heat always flows from cooler to warmer objects. 46. Each successive energy level is known as: 47. 2nd energy level holds how many electrons? 48. What is the latent heat of fusion? A. Amount of energy needed to break bonds in gaseous state. B. Amount of energy needed to break bonds in solid state. C. Energy needed to increase the temperature of the object. D. None of the above. 49. TRUE FALSE: electrons attract electrons and protons attract protons. 50. How is the modern periodic table organized? I. By the year each element was discovered J. By the number of electrons K. By the atomic number L. By the atomic mass 51. What is the weight of a 40kg person? 52. TRUE FALSE: Velocity is the same as acceleration and they are both measured in m/s. 53. Quantum theory of hydrogen: A. Only a few orbital levels are allowed. B. Electron only lives at certain specific altitudes and no others. C. Each altitude has a set EPE. D. As electron drops lower EPE orbit, it emits a photon with missing energy. E. All of the above. 54. What is the net force direction of the rightmost electron? [ + ] [ - ] [ - ] [ - ] [ + ] [ + ] 55. What is the net force direction on the {-} in the middle? [ + ] [ - ] [ + ] {-} [ + ] [ - ] [ + ] 56. TRUE FALSE: Conservation of momentum states that The total momentum of a group of interacting objects remains the same in the absence of external forces 57. User A has a mass of 12 kg. User B has a mass of 24 kg. User A is headed East along a path with constant velocity of 14 m/sec. User B is headed West along the same path with a velocity of 7 m/sec. Post-collision, in what direction are they moving and with what momentum?
58. Complete the table. Mass = 42 kg Round all values to the hundredths. Height (m) Time (sec) KE (joules) GPE (joules) V (m/sec) E (joules) 0 5.53 20580 61740 0 6174 59. Match one of the following terms to the description. Answers may be used more than once or not at all. A. CONSTRUCTIVE B. DESTRUCTIVE C. BEAT D. TRANSLATIONAL MOTION E. ROTATIONAL MOTION F. COMBINATION MOTION 1. Overall modulation of sound from mixing of two different frequencies 2. Peaks aligned with troughs results in this type of interference 3. Peaks aligned with peaks results in this type of interference 4. From point A to B on straight line, no spinning 5. Rotates about a fixed point 6. Has a translational and rotational motion. 60. Name the following phase transitions: A. FREEZING B. VAPORIZE C. SUBLIMATION D. MELTING E. CONDENSATION F. DEPOSITION NOTE: A GOES WITH 1, B WITH 2 AND SO ON. 61. Name each of the following wave states: 1. Liquid to solid 2. Liquid to gaseous 3. Solid to gaseous 4. Solid to liquid 5. Gaseous to liquid 6. Gaseous to solid