Vocab Check How many words were familiar to you? Botany Pre-Test
Homework Chapter 4 Section 1 in textbook Read and complete questions on socrative.com same room number/set up PELOQUINSCIENCE
Learning Targets I can Explain the four types of plants and the six characteristics of all plants Label the parts of a plant cell
What is Botany? The study of plants physiology, structure, genetics, ecology, distribution, classification, and economic importance
What is a Plant? Plants evolved from green algae There are four major types of plants.
FOUR Types of Plants The first major difference is how material is moved throughout the plant Nonvascular - no tubing Vascular - tubing
FOUR Types of Plants?? Types of Vascular Plants??
FOUR Types of Plants FOUR Types of Plants The next big difference is, how does a vascular plant create a new plant spores seeds
FOUR Types of Plants Types of Seed Plants??
FOUR Types of Plants The next difference in vascular seed plants is what surrounds the seed Gymnosperms - naked seed plants Angiosperms fruit surrounding seed
Plants Vascular Nonvascular Seeds Seedless Moss, liverwort, hornwort, etc. Angiosperm Gymnosperm Ferns, Club Mosses, Horsetails, Whisk Ferns Sexual reproduction Flowering Seeds in fruit Presen t Sexual reproduction Coniferous Seeds in cone (naked) Reproduce with spores Reproduce with spores Obtains food and water through diffusion only (no tubing) Past
Distribution of Plant Types
What do all plants have in common?
What do they all have in common?
Six Characteristics of Plants 1. Photosynthesis: makes food from sunlight Chlorophyll (a green pigment) found in chloroplasts captures sunlight 2. Cuticle: a waxy coat that covers plants and keeps them from drying out 2. Cell Walls: supports & protects plant cells
Six Characteristics of Plants 4. Multicellular: made up of many cells 5. Producer: Makes their own food/energy as sugar and stores food/energy as starch 6. Reproduction: a fertilized egg creates spores or seeds; a spore or seed produces an egg or sperm (the plant forms from one of these stages depending on the plant type)
A. organelles Mini organs within the cell B. cell wall C. cell membrane D. cytoplasm Rigid outer structure of the cell; made of cellulose Flexible layer within the cell wall; allows materials in and out (semi-permeable) Liquid gel within the membrane E. vacuole F. nucleus Water storage Holds the DNA G. chloroplasts Green organelles that perform photosynthesis H. mitochondria Produces energy for the cell in the form of ATP
cell wall cell membrane cytoplasm vacuole mitochondria nucleus DNA chloroplasts
Remember, a lot of these organelles are hard to see under a light microscope because they are clear. Leaf cells under a regular light microscope (400x) What is this? A single plant cell under the high magnification of an electron microscope What is this?
Body Tube Ocular lens (Eyepiece) Nosepiece Objectives Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Always carry a microscope with one hand holding the arm and one hand under the base. Arm Stage Coarse Adjustment Fine Adjustment Base
Low power 40x 100x Medium power High power 400x
How to make a wet-mount slide 1 Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher. 2 Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide. Don t use too much or the water will run off the edge and make a mess! 3- Get one piece of Elodea and place in the middle of your drop of water 4 Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop. 5- Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop. Cover Lower Slip slowly 5 Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the red-banded objective (low power). Once you see the image, you can rotate the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives.
Journal - Plant Cells (Elodea) Make a wet mount slide and observe the Elodea under the microscope. Draw a EIGHT to TEN plant cells from what you see in the microscope. Color Drawing Label: 1. Cell walls 2. Chloroplasts Vocab Definitions: Photosynthesis (110) Chlorophyll (110) Cellular Respiration (111) Cell wall (79) Producer (9 or 78)
Plant Cell Journal Elodea (continued)