1. A mid-sagittal section of the human body would contain which of the following? Write the name of the smallest body cavity that each of the organs in your first answer here would be located within. a) The front half of all of the organs b) Both lungs and the heart c) Parts of the lungs, spleen and urinary bladder d) The heart, the stomach and the urinary bladder. e) None of the above Pericardial Abdominal Pelvic
2. When viewing a slide in the microscope, the object is faint and the field behind it is bright white. Which of the following most likely needs adjustment? a) The objective b) The diaphragm c) The coarse adjustment d) The biggest adjustment e) The ocular
3. Which of the following is not within the thoracic cavity? a) Pelvic cavity b) Pericardial cavity c) Esophagus d) a and b only e) a, b and c
4. Choose the correct function of the structure at the arrow? Write the name of one other substance that the organelle at the arrow below will synthesize and one that it breaks down as it detoxifies the cell s colloidal interior. a) Packages proteins b) rrna production c) Cell division d) ATP production e) Steroid synthesis Lipid synthesis Lipid metabolism (breakdown)
Use the following choices to answer the questions below: a) Distal b) Proximal c) Parietal d) Superficial e) Visceral f) Deep 5. Which term above best describes the location of the antibrachial muscles in relationship to the brachial region? A. 6. Which term would be used to describe a membrane lining the body cavity found on the lateral sides within the chest? Write the complete name for the specific serous membrane that this describes. C. Parietal pleura 7. Which term best describes the location of an abdominal muscle in relationship to an organ? D.
8. Choose the letter that identifies the name the region at the arrow and then list the organs that could be damaged there with a knife wound. a) Epigastric b) Right inguinal c) Left hypochondriac d) Left inguinal e) Hypogastric Spleen, Stomach, Colon (Large Intestine), Pancreas
11. 9. 10. 12. 13.
14. Choose the letter below that correctly identifies the organelle at the arrow and then write a sentence to describe its function. a) Golgi apparatus b) Mitochondrion c) Smooth ER d) Ribosome e) Vacuole Packages and modifies proteins coming from the rer within a vesicle that will be transported and fused with the cell membrane to facilitate exocytosis of its protein products as we see happening directly below the arrow.
15. The name and function of the red dots at the arrow are: a) Ribosomes; protein synthesis b) Lysosomes; intracellular digestion c) Vacuoles; ATP production d) Microtubules; absorption e) None of the above
16. The term hemocytoblast refers to: a) Red phosphorous explosives b) Type of Blood cell that makes other Blood cells c) Round worms d) Liver cells e) Reptilian reproductive organs
17. The microscope has been focused on 10X, once you switch the objective to 40X you should: a) Focus with the coarse adjustment until the object is in focus again b) Focus first with the fine adjustment, then with the coarse adjustment c) Lower the stage d) Never adjust the diaphragm e) Use the fine adjustment to get the object in focus again.
18. The cell organelle that is involved in cell division and is composed of stacks of microtubules is the: a) Cilia b) Nucleolus c) Lysosome d) Centriole e) Cytoskeleton
19. If the diameter of the field of view at 40X is 0.4mm and four cells span the length of the field, how long is one cell in mm AND in microns (show your work)? a) 0.5 mm b) 0.1 mm c) 2 mm d) 5 mm e) 0.8mm Diameter = 0.4mm = 0.1mm # of cells 4 cells
20. The mental area on the body would be? Write the name of the cavity that is found immediately superior to this region. a) The forearm b) The posterior knee c) The shin d) The shoulder blade e) The chin Oral cavity
21. Which of the following is one of the primary differences between DNA and RNA? : a. DNA is single stranded. b. RNA is found mostly within the nucleus of the cell. c. DNA is found mostly within the nucleus of the cell. d. DNA carries out orders from RNA.
22. Define and describe homeostasis as it relates to the three component control loop that maintains its balance in the human body.. Homeostasis is the body s ability to maintain a stable internal environment regardless of external changes. This process can be explained by a three part control loop which includes receptors that monitor the body/send messages when changes occur, the messages that are then received by the CNS or control center of the body which includes the brain and spinal cord, and, (lastly) after the CNS determines what is necessary to stabilize the body, the targeting of effectors (muscles and glands) which begin to take action. Homeostasis is a negative feedback mechanism, meaning once the body becomes stable this process would stop or turn off. An example of this process occurring in the body is seen as the body maintains its internal temperature of 98.6 o. When someone goes from a 70 degree room to the outdoors where it s a scorching 110 degrees, a negative feedback loop would quickly kick in to maintain homeostatic balance. As we heat up internally, the body s receptors would recognize the temperature change and send a sensory nerve impulse to the CNS (control centers within the brain and spinal cord) for analysis and interpretation as to what effector (muscles or glandular secretion) is appropriate and would reverse the imbalance efficiently and quickly enough to completely stabilize the body s systems. In this case, the best effectors are in the form of sweat glands, embedded within the dermal layer of the skin covering our entire outer surface, which activate, release sweat onto our external surface, and quickly cool our core to 98.6 degrees. As the balance is re-established the receptor that initiated the loop, detects balance and stops sending the sensory signal that started the negative feedback mechanism to begin with; thus shutting it off as quickly as it was initiated.
23. Is cell B a plant or 18. animal cell? How can you tell? Animal cell because it has no definite shape.