The Chemical Weapons Convention, Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, Geneva Afghanistan 14 Jan 93 24 Sep 03 6 Mar 75 (R) 09 Dec 86 Albania 14 Jan 93 11 May 94 03 Jun 92 20 Dec 89 Algeria 13 Jan 93 14 Aug 95 22 July 01 27 Jan 92 Andorra 27 Feb 03 02 Mar 15 Angola 08 Nov 90 Antigua and Barbuda 29 Aug 05 29 Jan 03 (R) 27 Apr 88 Argentina 13 Jan 93 02 Oct 95 27 Nov 79 (R) 12 May 69 Armenia 19 Mar 93 27 Jan 95 07 Jun 94 Australia 13 Jan 93 06 May 94 05 Oct 77 (R) 24 May 30 Austria 13 Jan 93 17 Aug 95 10 Aug 73 (R) 09 May 28 (R) Azerbaijan 13 Jan 93 29 Feb 00 26 Feb 04 Bahamas 02 Mar 94 21 April 09 26 Nov 86 Bahrain 24 Feb 93 28 Apr 97 28 Oct 88 09 Dec 88 Bangladesh 14 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 11 Mar 85 20 May 89 Barbados 07 Mar 07 16 Feb 73 (R) 16 Jul 76 Belarus 14 Jan 93 11 Jul 96 26 Mar 75 (R) Belgium 13 Jan 93 27 Jan 97 15 Mar 79 (R) 04 Dec 28 (R) Belize 1 Dec 03 20 Oct 86 Benin 14 Jan 93 14 May 98 25 Apr 75 (R) 09 Dec 86 Bhutan 24 Apr 97 18 Aug 05 08 Jun 78 19 Feb 79 Bolivia 14 Jan 93 14 Aug 98 30 Oct 75 (R) 13 Aug 85 Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 Jan 97 25 Feb 97 15 Aug 94 Botswana 31 Aug 98 05 Feb 92 (R)
Brazil 13 Jan 93 13 Mar 96 27 Feb 73 (R) 28 Aug 70 (R) Brunei Darussalam 13 Jan 93 28 Jul 97 31 Jan 91 Bulgaria 13 Jan 93 10 Aug 94 02 Aug 72 (R) 07 Mar 34 (R) Burkina Faso 14 Jan 93 08 Jul 97 17 Apr 91 03 Mar 71 Burundi 15 Jan 93 04 Sep 98 18 Oct 11 (R) Cambodia 15 Jan 93 19 July 05 09 Mar 83 (R) 15 Mar 83 Cameroon 14 Jan 93 16 Sep 96 18 Jan 13 20 Jul 89 Canada 13 Jan 93 26 Sep 95 18 Sep 72 (R) 06 May 30 (R) Cape Verde 15 Jan 93 10 Oct 03 20 Oct 77 15 Oct 91 Central African Republic 14 Jan 93 20 Sep 06 10 Apr 72 (S) 31 Jul 70 Chad 11 Oct 94 13 Feb 04 Chile 14 Jan 93 12 Jul 96 22 Apr 80 (R) 02 Jul 35 China 13 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 15 Nov 84 Colombia 13 Jan 93 05 Apr 00 19 Dec 83 (R) Comoros 13 Jan 93 18 Aug 06 Congo 15 Jan 93 4 Dec 07 23 Oct 78 Congo (Democratic Republic of) 14 Jan 93 12 Oct 05 16 Sep 75 (R) 13 July 52 Cook Islands 14 Jan 93 15 Jul 94 04 Dec 08 Costa Rica 14 Jan 93 31 May 96 17 Dec 73 (R) 13 Feb 2009 Cote d'ivoire 13 Jan 93 18 Dec 95 23 May 72 (S) 27 Jul 70 Croatia 13 Jan 93 23 May 95 28 Apr 93 18 Dec 2006 Cuba 13 Jan 93 29 Apr 97 21 Apr 76 (R) 24 Jun 66 Cyprus 13 Jan 93 28 Aug 98 06 Nov 73 (R) 12 Dec 66 Czech Republic 14 Jan 93 06 Mar 96 05 Apr 93 16 Aug 38 (R) Denmark 14 Jan 93 13 Jul 95 01 Mar 73 (R) 05 May 30 (R) Djibouti 28 Sep 93 25 Jan 06 Dominica 02 Aug 93 12 Feb 01 08 Nov 78 Dominican Republic 13 Jan 93 27 March 09 23 Feb 73 (R) 08 Dec 70 Ecuador 14 Jan 93 06 Sep 95 12 Mar 75 (R) 16 Sep 70 Egypt 10 Apr 72 (S) 06 Dec 28 (R) El Salvador 14 Jan 93 30 Oct 95 31 Dec 91 (R) 26 Feb 2008 Equatorial Guinea 14 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 16 Jan 89 20 May 89 Eritrea 14 Feb 00 Estonia 14 Jan 93 26 May 99 21 Jun 93 28 Aug 31 (R) Ethiopia 14 Jan 93 13 May 96 26 May 75 (R) 07 Oct 35 (R)
Fiji 14 Jan 93 20 Jan 93 04 Sep 73 (R) 21 Mar 73 Finland 14 Jan 93 07 Feb 95 04 Feb 74 (R) 26 Jun 29 (R) France 13 Jan 93 02 Mar 95 27 Sep 84 10 May 26 (R) Gabon 13 Jan 93 08 Sep 00 16 Aug 07 (R) Gambia 13 Jan 93 19 May 98 21 Nov 91 (R) 05 Nov 66 Georgia 14 Jan 93 27 Nov 95 22 May 96 Germany 13 Jan 93 12 Aug 94 28 Nov 72 (R) 25 Apr 29 (R) Ghana 14 Jan 93 09 Jul 97 06 Jun 75 (R) 03 May 67 Greece 13 Jan 93 22 Dec 94 10 Dec 75 (R) 30 May 31 (R) Grenada 09 Apr 97 03 Jun 05 22 Oct 86 03 Jan 89 Guatemala 14 Jan 93 12 Feb 03 19 Sep 73 (R) 03 May 83 Guinea 14 Jan 93 09 Jun 97 Guinea-Bissau 14 Jan 93 20 May 08 20 Aug 76 20 May 89 Guyana 06 Oct 93 12 Sep 97 26 Mar 13 (R) Haiti 14 Jan 93 22 Feb 06 10 Apr 72 (S) Holy See 14 Jan 93 12 May 99 04 Jan 02 (R) 18 Oct 66 Honduras 13 Jan 93 29 Aug 05 14 Mar 79 (R) Hungary 13 Jan 93 31 Oct 96 27 Dec 72 (R) 11 Oct 52 Iceland 13 Jan 93 28 Apr 97 15 Feb 73 (R) 02 Nov 67 India 14 Jan 93 03 Sep 96 15 Jul 74 (R) 09 Apr 30 Indonesia 13 Jan 93 12 Nov 98 19 Feb 92 (R) 21 Jan 71 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 13 Jan 93 03 Nov 97 22 Aug 73 (R) 05 Nov 29 Iraq 13 Jan 09 19 Jun 91 (R) 08 Sep 31 Ireland 14 Jan 93 24 Jun 96 27 Oct 72 (R) 29 Aug 30 Israel 13 Jan 93 20 Feb 69 Italy 13 Jan 93 08 Dec 95 30 May 75 (R) 03 Apr 28 (R) Jamaica 18 Apr 97 08 Sep 00 13 Aug 75 28 Jul 70 Japan 13 Jan 93 15 Sep 95 08 Jun 82 (R) 21 May 70 (R) Jordan 29 Oct 97 30 May 75 (R) 20 Jan 77 Kazakhstan 14 Jan 93 23 Mar 00 17 Apr 07 (R) Kenya 15 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 07 Jan 76 06 Jul 70 Kiribati 07 Sep 00 Korea (Democratic People s 13 Mar 87 04 Jan 89 Republic of) Korea (Republic of) 14Jan 93 28 Apr 97 25 Jun 87 (R) 04 Jan 89
Kuwait 27 Jan 93 29 May 97 18 Jul 72 (R) 15 Dec 71 Kyrgyzstan 22 Feb 93 29 Sep 03 12 Oct 04 Lao (People s Democratic Republic of) 13 May 93 25 Feb 97 20 Mar 73 (R) 20 May 89 Latvia 06 May 93 23 Jul 96 06 Feb 97 03 Jun 31 (R) Lebanon 20 Nov 08 26 Mar 75 (R) 17 Apr 69 Lesotho 07 Dec 94 07 Dec 94 06 Sep 77 (R) 10 Mar 72 Liberia 15 Jan 93 23 Feb 06 10 Apr 72 (S) 17 Jun 27 Libyan (Arab Jamahiriya) 06 Jan 04 19 Jan 82 29 Dec 71 Liechtenstein 21 Jul 93 24 Nov 99 30 May 91 06 Sep 91 Lithuania 13 Jan 93 15 Apr 98 10 Feb 98 15 Jun 33 (R) Luxembourg 13 Jan 93 15 Apr 97 23 Mar 76 (R) 01 Sep 36 (R) Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of) 20 Jun 97 24 Dec 96 Madagascar 15 Jan 93 20 Oct 04 7 Mar 08 02 Aug 67 Malawi 14 Jan 93 11 Jun 98 02 Apr 2013 (R) 14 Sep 70 Malaysia 13 Jan 93 20 Apr 00 06 Sep 91 (R) 10 Dec 70 Maldives 01 Oct 93 31 May 94 02 Aug 93 27 Dec 66 Mali 13 Jan 93 28 Apr 97 25 Nov 02 (R) Malta 13 Jan 93 28 Apr 97 07 Apr 75 (R) 21 Sep 64 Marshall Islands 13 Jan 93 19 May 04 15 Nov 12 Mauritania 13 Jan 93 09 Feb 98 28 January 15 Mauritius 14 Jan 93 09 Feb 93 07 Aug 72 (R) 12 Mar 68 Mexico 13 Jan 93 29 Aug 94 08 Apr 74 (R) 28 May 32 Micronesia (Federated States 13 Jan 93 21 Jun 99 of) Moldova 13 Jan 93 08 Jul 96 05 Nov 04 (R) 04 Nov 10 Monaco 13 Jan 93 01 Jun 95 30 Apr 99 06 Jan 67 Mongolia 14 Jan 93 17 Jan 95 05 Sep 72 (R) 06 Dec 68 Montenegro 23 Oct 06 03 Jun 06 Morocco 13 Jan 93 28 Dec 95 21 Mar 02 (R) 13 Oct 70 Mozambique 15 Aug 00 29 Mar 11
Myanmar 14 Jan 93 1 December 14 (R) Namibia 13 Jan 93 27 Nov 95 Nauru 13 Jan 93 12 Nov 01 (R) 5 Mar 13 Nepal 19 Jan 93 18 Nov 97 10 Apr 72 (S) 09 May 69 Netherlands 14 Jan 93 30 Jun 95 22 Jun 81 (R) 31 Oct 30 (R) New Zealand 14 Jan 93 15 Jul 96 13 Dec 72 (R) 24 May 30 Nicaragua 09 Mar 93 05 Nov 99 07 Aug 75 (R) 05 Oct 90 (R) Niger 14 Jan 93 09 Apr 97 23 Jun 72 (R) 05 Apr 67 Nigeria 13 Jan 93 20 May 99 03 Jul 73 (R) 15 Oct 68 Niue 5 April 05 Norway 13 Jan 93 07 Apr 94 01 Aug 73 (R) 27 Jul 32 (R) Oman 02 Feb 93 08 Feb 95 31 Mar 92 Pakistan 13 Jan 93 28 Oct 97 25 Sep 74 (R) 15 Apr 60 Palau 03 Feb 03 20 Feb 03 (R) Panama 16 Jun 93 07 Oct 98 20 Mar 74 (R) 04 Dec 70 Papua New Guinea 14 Jan 93 17 Apr 96 27 Oct 80 02 Sep 80 Paraguay 14 Jan 93 01 Dec 94 09 Jun 76 22 Oct 33 Peru 14 Jan 93 20 Jul 95 05 Jun 85 (R) 13 Aug 85 Philippines 13 Jan 93 11 Dec 96 21 May 73 (R) 08 Jun 73 Poland 13 Jan 93 23 Aug 95 25 Jan 73 (R) 04 Feb 29 (R) Portugal 13 Jan 93 10 Sep 96 15 May 75 (R) 01 Jul 30 (R) Qatar 01 Feb 93 03 Sep 97 17 Apr 75 (R) 18 Oct 76 Romania 13 Jan 93 15 Feb 95 25 Jul 79 (R) 23 Aug 29 (R) Russian Federation 13 Jan 93 05 Nov 97 26 Mar 75 (R) 05 Apr 28 Rwanda 17 May 93 31 Mar 04 20 May 75 (R) 11 May 64 Saint Kitts and Nevis 16 Mar 94 21 May 04 02 Apr 91 27 Apr 89 Saint Lucia 29 Mar 93 09 Apr 97 26 Nov 86 21 Dec 88 Saint Vincent/Grenadines 20 Sep 93 18 Sep 02 13 May 99 23 Apr 99 (S) Samoa 14 Jan 93 27 Sep 02 San Marino 13 Jan 93 10 Dec 99 11 Mar 75 (R) Sao Tome and Principe 09 Sep 03 24 Aug 79 Saudi Arabia 20 Jan 93 09 Aug 96 24 May 72 (R) 27 Jan 71 Senegal 13 Jan 93 20 Jul 98 26 Mar 75 (R) 15 Jun 77 Serbia 20 Apr 00 25 Oct 73 (R) 3 Jun 06 (R) Seychelles 15 Jan 93 07 Apr 93 11 Oct 79
Sierra Leone 15 Jan 93 30 Sep 04 29 Jun 76 (R) 20 Mar 67 Singapore 14 Jan 93 21 May 97 02 Dec 75 (R) Slovakia 14 Jan 93 27 Oct 95 17 May 93 16 Aug 38 (R) Slovenia 14 Jan 93 11 Jun 97 07 Apr 92 8 Apr 2008 Solomon Islands 23 Sep 04 17 Jun 81 01 Jun 81 Somalia 29 May 2013 03 Jul 72 (S) South Africa 14 Jan 93 13 Sep 95 03 Nov 75 (R) 24 May 30 Spain 13 Jan 93 03 Aug 94 20 Jun 79 (R) 22 Aug 29 (R) Sri Lanka 14 Jan 93 19 Aug 94 18 Nov 86 (R) 20 Jan 54 Sudan 24 May 99 17 Oct 03 17 Dec 80 Suriname 28 Apr 97 28 Apr 97 06 Jan 93 Swaziland 23 Sep 93 20 Nov 96 18 Jun 91 23 Jul 91 (R) Sweden 13 Jan 93 17 Jun 93 05 Feb 76 (R) 25 Apr 30 (R) Switzerland 14 Jan 93 10 Mar 95 04 May 76 (R) 12 Jul 32 (R) Syrian Arab Republic 14 Oct 2013 14 Apr 72 (S) 17 Dec 68 Tajikistan 14 Jan 93 11 Jan 95 27 Jun 05 (R) Thailand 14 Jan 93 10 Dec 02 28 May 75 (R) 06 Jun 31 (R) Timor-Leste 07 May 03 05 May 03 Togo 13 Jan 93 23 Apr 97 10 Nov 76 (R) 05 Apr 71 Tonga 29 May 03 28 Sep 76 19 Jul 71 Trinidad and Tobago 24 Jun 97 19 Jul 07 31 Aug 62 Tunisia 13 Jan 93 15 Apr 97 18 May 73 (R) 12 Jul 67 Turkey 14 Jan 93 12 May 97 25 Oct 74 (R) 15 Oct 29 (R) Turkmenistan 12 Oct 93 29 Sep 94 11 Jan 96 Tuvalu 19 Jan 04 Uganda 14 Jan 93 30 Nov 01 (R) 12 May 92 24 May 65 Ukraine 13 Jan 93 16 Oct 98 26 Mar 75 (R) 7 Jul 03 United Arab Emirates 02 Feb 93 28 Nov 00 19 Jun 08 (R) United Kingdom 13 Jan 93 13 May 96 26 Mar 75 (R) 09 Apr 30 (R) United Rep of Tanzania 25 Feb 94 25 Jun 98 16 Aug 72 (S) 22 Apr 63 United States 13 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 26 Mar 75 (R) 10 Apr 75 (R) Uruguay 15 Jan 93 06 Oct 94 06 Apr 81 12 Apr 77 (R) Uzbekistan 24 Nov 95 23 Jul 96 11 Jan 96 Vanuatu 16 Sep 05 12 Oct 90 Venezuela 14 Jan 93 03 Dec 97 18 Oct 78 (R) 08 Feb 28 (R) Viet Nam 02 Jan 98 30 Sep 98 20 Jun 80 15 Dec 80
Yemen 08 Feb 93 02 Oct 00 01 Jun 79 (R) 17 Mar 71 Zambia 13 Jan 93 09 Feb 01 15 Jan 08 Zimbabwe 13 Jan 93 25 Apr 97 05 Nov 90 Membership Totals: 165 190 173 138
Key: Acc Accept App R S Succ Date of Accession (becoming party to the agreement after it has already entered into force). Date of Acceptance (agreeing to be legally bound by the terms of the Treaty). Date of Approval (approved by government and awaiting ratification by the legislative process). Date of Ratification (fulfilling and implementing domestic legislative legal practices to bring about the legal application of the Treaty on the government and other entities to which the Treaty is applicable, such as formal approval by parliament or legislative bodies, and formally declaring the Treaty to be applicable on the State Party, and duly depositing with the depositary the required legal instrument of ratification. Date of Signature (competent authority or representative of a State has affixed its signature to a Treaty text thus indicating acceptance of the Treaty and a commitment not to undertake any actions that would undermine the purpose of the Treaty, according to the Vienna Convention on the Law of treaties, pending formal ratification). Date of Succession (when an original or previous State Party ceases to exist and is succeeded by another State or legal entity that formally accepts and takes on the international legal obligations of the former party).