JOVIAN VS. TERRESTRIAL PLANETS To begin lets start with an outline of the solar system.
JOVIAN VS. TERRESTRIAL PLANETS What are Jovian and Terrestrial planets? Terrestrial planets are Earth like planets, and they include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These planets have hard, rocky surfaces with mountains, craters, valleys and volcanoes.
JOVIAN VS. TERRESTRIAL PLANETS What are Jovian planets? Jovian planets are Jupiter like planets, they include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune! They are gas planets, and the visible surface features of a Jovian planet are actually cloud formations in the planets atmosphere
JOVIAN VS. TERRESTRIAL What is Pluto? Pluto is actually a dwarf planet. Dwarf planets are small masses of ice and rock that lie past Neptune out in the Kuiper Belt Pluto is one of the larger dwarf planets.
PHASES OF THE MOON 8 PHASES: NEW MOON, WAXING CRESCENT, FIRST QUARTER, WAXING GIBBOUS, FULL MOON, WANING GIBBOUS, THIRD QUARTER, WANING CRESCENT
8 PHASES OF THE MOON
NEW MOON WAXING CRESCENT FIRST QUARTER New Moon Moon is positioned between the earth and sun. No moon in the sky Waxing Crescent more of a shadow appears, looks like a quarter of the moon is lit up First Quarter moon is at a 90 degree angle with the sun. Half of the moon is lit up
WAXING GIBBOUS FULL MOON WANING GIBBOUS Waxing gibbous about three quarters of the moon is lit up Full Moon maximum brightness from the moon Waning Gibbous the brightness decreases and looks like three quarters of the moon is lit up
THIRD QUARTER WANING CRESCENT Third quarter The moon is again at a 90 degree angle with the Earth. Notice how the shadow is now on the right side of the moon Waning Crescent The shadow will contiune to get bigger until there is a new moon in the sky
LUNAR ECLIPSE Occurs when the moon is directly behind the Earth, and is in line with the sun, Earth being the middle Three types of eclipses Penumbral hard to see and don t last long at all Partial only a portion of the moon passes through the shadow, very easy to see Total the moon passes through the shadow and the moon will turn red
LUNAR AND SOLAR ECLIPSE
SOLAR ECLIPSE Occurs when the moon passes between the sun and earth and the moon is fully or partially blocks the sun
THE MILKY WAY GALAXY Home to our solar system It is a barred galaxy It is 100,000 light years across and 1,000 light years thick
THE MILKY WAY GALAXY What is the Milky Way we see in the night sky? Described by cultures past as a Path of Light or River of milk although it is actually the bar that goes through the center of our galaxy
THE MILKY WAY GALAXY Our galaxy is composed of two major arms, two minor arms and two spurs Earth s solar system is located in the Orion Arm between the major arms Perseus and Sagittarius.
What is a Black Hole? BLACK HOLES A region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape. A black hole is a piece in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not escape. Gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. They can only happen when a star is dying. Because no light can escape, people cant see black holes. Special tools can see how stars that surround black holes act differently than other stars, to see if stars are orbiting the black hole.
THE SIZE OF BLACK HOLES Can be big or small. The small ones are tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Large black holes are called supermassive which have masses of more than 1 million suns. A supermassive black hole is located at the center of every large galaxy including ours which is called Sagittarius A.
STELLAR BLACK HOLES Stellar black holes can be 20 times greater than the sun. There may be several stellar mass black holes in our Milky Way galaxy.
HOW THEY FORM Stellar black holes form when a star collapses within itself, when this happens its called a supernova as the star explodes. Black holes have been around since the galaxy s began to form.
PARTS OF A BLACK HOLE A black hole is in the shape of a cone, so it begins wide and shrinks down to a point. The event horizon surrounds the black hole, this is where the escape speed from the hole equals the speed of light. The center of the black hole is called the singularity, this is where the black hole reaches a tiny point.
COULD A BLACK HOLE DESTROY THE EARTH? Black holes do not go around consuming stars. Earth will not fall into a black hole because there are no black holes that are close to us. Even if a black hole replaced the Sun we wouldn t be sucked in, we would continue to orbit the black hole the same as we do the Sun, because the gravity would be the same as the Suns.
WHAT IS THE GREAT IMPACT THEORY? The Great Impact Theory believes that the Moon was formed out of debris that were left over from a collision between the Earth and Theia about four and a half billion years ago Theia is named for the Greek Titan mother of Selene, goddess of the Moon. Supporting evidence includes: the similarities between Earth's and the Moon's orbit, Moon samples indicating that surface was once molten, evidence of similar collisions in other star systems, and that giant collisions are consistent with the leading theories of the solar system formation, and the stable isotope ratios of lunar and terrestrial rock are identical, implying a common origin.
HOW DID THIS BECOME EVOLVED? The concept surrounding this theory was first presented in 1974 at a sattelite convention Hartman and David published Icarus, and with this the Great Impact theory was formed In the 1990's, Dr. Robin Canup wrote a Ph.D. dissertation on the moon's origin and the giant impact hypothesis, which produced new modeling of the aggregation of the debris into moonlets, and eventually, into the moon itself. Dr. Canup is continuing the modeling of the lunar accretion process.
WATCH THIS!! http://www.space.com/14908-moon-evolved-video-guided-tour.html