SHADOW FLICKER TURBINE LAYOUT 6A GULLEN RANGE WIND FARM GOLDWIND AUSTRALIA

SHADOW FLICKER TURBINE LAYOUT 6A GULLEN RANGE WIND FARM GOLDWIND AUSTRALIA Document Control Status Written by Approved by Date Comment Revision A T.Lam D.Bolton 14/03/14 Initial Revision B T.Lam D.Bolton 26/03/14 Updated shadow flicker distance to 2km and included DA loations Revision C T.Lam D.Bolton 31/03/14 Updated shadow flicker map, updated Table 2, inclusion of 1km shadow distance results

CONTENTS Contents... 2 1. INTRODUCTION... 3 2. BACKGROUND... 4 3. METHOD... 7 4. RESULTS... 9 5. FIGURES... 13 6. APPENDIX... 17 Page 2 of 22

1. INTRODUCTION This document has been written by Epuron Pty Ltd as instructed by Goldwind Australia to update the shadow flicker assessment based on the methodology used in the original Environmental Assessment (EA) and applied to the current wind layout. The acceptance of this document by Goldwind acknowledges that any application or use made of the findings or the results from the analysis remain the responsibility of Goldwind. This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of Gullen Range Wind Farm, and is subject to and issued in accordance with the agreement between Gullen Range Wind Farm and Epuron. Epuron accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Page 3 of 22

2. BACKGROUND Due to their height wind s can cast shadows on the areas around them. Coupled with this, the moving blades create moving shadows. When viewed from a stationary position the moving shadows appear as a flicker giving rise to the phenomenon of shadow flicker. When the sun is low in the sky the length of the shadows increases, increasing the shadow flicker affected area around the wind. The extent of the shadow flicker is dependent on the time of day, geographical location, meteorological conditions of the site and local vegetation. There are a number of factors influencing the effect and duration of shadow flicker, including: Position of the sun in relation to the Time of year (season) and time of day Turbine height and rotor diameter Viewer s distance from Topography of the area Vegetation cover Weather patterns, number of cloudy days per year, and Airborne particles, haze As stated in the Gullen Range Wind Farm EA shadow flicker assessment, the South Australian Planning Bulletin suggests that shadow flicker is insignificant once a separation of 500m between the and house is exceeded. The Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines published by the Environment Protection and Heritage Council recommends that 250 times the largest chord diameter be used, this corresponds to 962.5m for the GW 100 (3.85m diameter of largest chord) and 812.5m for GW82 (3.25m diameter of largest chord). However, a conservative distance of 2 km has been used for this assessment 1, 2. A blade chord being the distance from the trailing edge of the blade to the leading edge of the blade, typically the longest dimension of the blade cross-section 2. The modelling of the shadow flicker was conducted using GL-GH Windfarmer software based on the final design locations for the s (), see Table 6 in the Appendix for type, blade diameter and hub height details. For comparison the DA approved locations for the equivalent 73 final design s was also modelled. Turbine co-ordinates for the DA approved locations are detailed in Table 7. The number of annual hours of shadow flicker at a given location can be calculated using simple geometrical models incorporating data such as the sun path, the topographic variation and wind details such as rotor diameter and hub height. In such models, the wind rotor is modelled as a disc and assumed to be in the worst case (i.e. perpendicular) to sun- vector. Furthermore, the sun is assumed to be a point light source. 1 Planning SA, Planning Bulletin "Wind Farms, Draft for Consultation, South Australian Government, 2002. 2 National Wind Farm Development Guidelines Draft, Environment Protection and Heritage Council, 2010 Page 4 of 22

Shadow flicker calculated in this manner overestimates the number of annual hours of shadow flicker experienced at a specified location due to several reasons 3, 4 : 1. The occurrence of cloud cover has the potential to significantly reduce the number of hours of shadow flicker. 2. The probability of wind s consistently yawing to the worst case scenario where the wind is facing into or away from the sun - wind vector is less than 1 (i.e. less than 100% of the time). 3. The amount of aerosols in the atmosphere has the ability to influence shadows cast due to the following reasons. Firstly, the distance from a wind that a shadow can be cast is dependent on the degree to which direct sunlight is diffused, which is in turn dependent on the amount of dispersants (humidity, smoke and other aerosols) in the path between the light source (sun) and the receiver. Secondly, the quantity of aerosols in the air is known to vary with time and it has the potential to vary the air density, thereby affecting the refraction of light. This in turn affects the intensity of direct light to cause shadows. 4. The modelling of the wind blades as discs to determine shadow path overestimates the shadow flicker effect. The blades are of non-uniform width with the thickest viewable blade width (maximum chord) occurring closer to the hub and the thinnest being located at the tip of the blade. As outlined in point 3 above, the direct sunlight is diffused resulting in a maximum distance from the wind that a shadow can be cast. This maximum distance is dependent on the human threshold of perception of variation in light intensity. When the blade tip causes shadow, the diffusion of direct sunlight means that the light variation threshold occurs closer to the wind than when a shadow is caused by the maximum chord. That is, the maximum shadow length cast by the blade tip is less than by the maximum chord. 5. Modelling the sun as a point light source rather than a disc has an effect similar to that of point 4 above. Firstly, situations arise where the light rays from different portions of the sun disc superimpose around a shadow resulting in light intensity variations less than human perception. Secondly, when the sun is positioned directly behind the wind hub, there is no variation in light intensity at the receiver location and therefore no shadow flicker. However, when the sun is modelled as a point source, shadow flicker still arises. 6. The presence of vegetation shields incidences of shadow flicker. 7. Periods where the wind is not in operation due to low winds, high winds or for operational and maintenance reasons. Taking the above issues into account, the modelling of shadow flicker has been conducted using simple geometric analyses. The wind has been modelled assuming all wind s are disc objects positioned in the worst case with respect to producing shadow flicker. The sun has been assumed to be a point light source. 3 Freund H-D., Kiel F.H., Influences of the opaqueness of the atmosphere, the extension of the sun and the rotor blade profile on the shadow impact of wind s, DEWI Magazin 20, Feb 2002. 4 Osten, T. & Pahlke T., Shadow Impact on the surrounding of Wind Turbines, DEWI Magazin 13., Aug 1998. Page 5 of 22

Due to points 3 and 4 above, an approximation for the maximum length of shadow flicker cast has been used. Guidance from the South Australian Government indicates that this distance is 500 m. Recommendations from the Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines are 250 times the maximum chord diameter which equates to under 1km for the s used at Gullen Range. As a more conservative approach the length that a shadow can be cast is extended to 2 km. Therefore, the modelling conducted here represents a conservative approach and is believed to overestimate the actual annual hours of shadow flicker experienced at a location. Page 6 of 22

3. METHOD The theoretical maximum shadow flicker is predicted using GL-GH Windfarmer software for a height of 2m above ground. The model settings used are detailed in Table 5 in the Appendix. As the conservative shadow distance of 2km is used for the model all receptors within 2km of a are used as inputs into the model and the resulting theoretical maximum shadow flicker calculated. See Table 1 for the list of receptors within 2km. The theoretical maximum shadow flicker is reduced by applying the following steps to reflect the actual predicted shadow flicker: 1. Using the measured wind rose from the site to assess the probability of occurrence of various wind directions and thus the orientation of the blades. The computer model treats the as a worst case scenario i.e. the rotor plane is constantly perpendicular to the sun- vector line, this is not the case always and hence an estimate can be applied to account for this based on the rotor facing 12 different direction bins. Wind rose/frequency distribution information is detailed in Table 3 in the Appendix. 2. Removing hours which are classified as cloudy. Based on 35 years (1971 to 2010) of daily weather observations in Goulburn (Goulburn TAFE, Bureau of Meteorology), the nearest source of data, the average number of cloudy days experienced is 132.2/yr. The average number of clear days is 88.4/year. The number of cloudy days varies per month and as a conservative approach the month with the lowest number of cloudy days is used to reduce the shadow flicker hours. These are based on observation at 9am and 3pm each day. As such a 31% reduction in shadow flicker is applied in line with the number of cloudy days for the month with the lowest number of cloudy days. See Table 4 for monthly cloud cover data. Receptor Association Easting Northing Table 1: Receptors within 2km of a Distance to closest (km) Closest Receptor Association Easting Northing Distance to closest (km) Closest K1 N-A 724164 6178435 1.9 BAN_05 B28 N-A 721500 6174988 1.4 BAN_09 K2 N-A 721492 6178960 1.0 KIA_02 B29 N-A 721644 6175203 1.3 BAN_09 K3 N-A 723766 6179496 2.0 KIA_02 B30 N-A 721836 6173334 1.6 BAN_10 K4 N-A 722552 6179771 1.6 KIA_02 B31 N-A 722014 6173180 1.7 BAN_10 K14 N-A 720533 6177925 1.6 KIA_01 B32 N-A 721974 6173304 1.6 BAN_10 K18 N-A 721759 6179911 1.7 KIA_02 B33 A 724946 6172602 0.5 BAN_21 K19 N-A 721569 6180090 1.9 KIA_02 B53 A 722272 6174050 0.8 BAN_10 K20 N-A 722084 6179843 1.6 KIA_02 B54 N-A 724875 6169498 1.7 BAN_30 B1 A 724008 6172742 0.5 BAN_21 B55 N-A 721315 6174745 1.6 BAN_10 B2 A 725485 6171650 0.8 BAN_25 B77 N-A 721717 6174413 1.2 BAN_10 Page 7 of 22

Receptor Association Easting Northing Distance to closest (km) Closest Receptor Association Easting Northing Distance to closest (km) Closest B3 A 725737 6170809 1.3 BAN_26 PW4 N-A 723964 6167198 1.8 POM_01 B5 N-A 725782 6175339 1.9 BAN_15 PW5 A 725649 6167872 1.0 POM_01 B6 A 725214 6172835 0.7 BAN_20 PW7 N-A 725225 6166206 0.8 POM_01 B7 A 722689 6172685 1.4 BAN_18 PW8 N-A 723282 6166083 1.7 POM_12 B8 A 725764 6171873 1.1 BAN_25 PW9 N-A 723273 6165570 1.3 POM_12 B9 A 723633 6170313 0.8 BAN_30 PW29 N-A 724534 6166969 1.2 POM_01 B10 N-A 724833 6169738 1.5 BAN_30 PW34 N-A 726546 6167423 0.9 POM_05 B11 N-A 725247 6169678 1.8 BAN_30 G26 N-A 729839 6160038 1.8 GUR_16 B12 N-A 725084 6175789 1.5 BAN_14 G28 N-A 730034 6159766 1.9 GUR_16 B12a A 724847 6174932 1.0 BAN_15 G31 N-A 727534 6155924 1.5 GUR_15 B13 N-A 725472 6175320 1.7 BAN_15 G32 N-A 728591 6161946 1.1 GUR_01 B14 N-A 725916 6174853 1.8 BAN_15 G33 N-A 729148 6161332 1.3 GUR_01 B17 A 722686 6172546 1.5 BAN_18 G35 N-A 726000 6157087 1.9 GUR_14 B18 A 722690 6172850 1.3 BAN_18 G36 N-A 728594 6162369 1.4 GUR_01 B18a A 723447 6172531 1.0 BAN_24 G37 N-A 728219 6161915 0.8 GUR_01 B19 N-A 725945 6171874 1.3 BAN_25 G38 N-A 728649 6162795 1.8 GUR_01 B20 A 724515 6169567 1.5 BAN_30 G39 N-A 729557 6160137 1.7 GUR_16 B21 N-A 724330 6169456 1.6 BAN_30 G40 N-A 729522 6160534 1.7 GUR_07 B22 N-A 724774 6169518 1.6 BAN_30 G43 N-A 729488 6160943 1.7 GUR_01 B23 N-A 724753 6169419 1.7 BAN_30 B124 N-A 722108 6170460 1.9 BAN_29 B24 N-A 724006 6169552 1.5 BAN_30 PW36 N-A 725240 6167640 0.9 POM_01 B26 N-A 725030 6176599 1.7 BAN_08 G31a N-A 727178 6155835 1.7 GUR_15 B27 A 722879 6175614 0.6 BAN_07 *N-A: Non-associated, A: Associated Page 8 of 22

4. RESULTS Results for the shadow flicker modelling are shown in Table 2. The reduced shadow flicker due to orientation and cloud cover represents more closely the actual predicted conditions, this is predicted to be under 30 hours per year at all non-associated receptors within 2km. Associated maps are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 for the final design layout and in Figure 3 and Figure 4 for the DA approved locations. While this modelling attempts to produce a more accurate shadow flicker assessment which represents actual predicted conditions by incorporating actual orientation and cloud cover data, these results are still considered conservative for a range of reasons. As discussed in section 2 these reasons include low wind speed conditions which results in blades not rotating and vegetation screening and other objects between the receptor and s. In addition a conservative shadow flicker distance of 2km has been used in the modelling which is twice the distance suggested by the Draft National Wind farm Guidelines and four times that suggested by the South Australian Planning Bulletin. Table 2: Shadow flicker results Final design shadow flicker (hrs/yr)# DA approved location shadow flicker (hrs/yr)# Shadow flicker reduced due to orientation and cloud cover (hrs/yr)# Theoretical maximum Reduced due to orientation Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover Theoretical maximum Reduced due to orientation Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover Final design minus DA K1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K14 6 5 4 8 6 4 0 K18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B1* 23 17 12 23 17 12 0 B2* 78 60 42 66 49 34 8 B3* 26 21 15 25 21 15 0 B5 0 0 0 3 2 2-2 B6* 20 17 12 23 19 13-1 B7* 25 17 12 25 18 13-1 B8* 41 30 21 50 37 26-5 B9* 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 9 of 22

Theoretical maximum Final design shadow flicker (hrs/yr)# Reduced due to orientation Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover DA approved location shadow flicker (hrs/yr)# Theoretical maximum Reduced due to orientation Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover Shadow flicker reduced due to orientation and cloud cover (hrs/yr)# Final design minus DA G32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G33 13 10 7 12 10 7 0 G35 17 12 8 16 12 8 0 G36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G37 2 2 1 2 2 2-1 G38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G39 9 8 6 10 8 6 0 G40 20 16 11 20 16 11 0 G43 17 14 10 11 9 6 4 B124 4 3 2 4 3 2 0 PW36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G31a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: * denotes associated landowner, # shadow flicker is calculated as the sum of shadow flicker caused by each i.e. shadow flicker by two s at the same time are treated as two counts of shadow flicker. Shadow flicker is decreased at 6 non-associated houses. It is increased at 7 non-associated houses by: 6 hours at one location, by 3 hours at one location, by 2 hours at 2 locations and by one hour at 3 locations. All of these receptors are well within the recommended limits. Calculations are also presented here for the final design layout only using the same methodology applied by the Expert Witness Statement for Gullen Range Wind Farm Merit Appeal and are considered best practise 5. The only difference with the above method is the use of a 1km shadow distance following the Draft National Wind Farm Guidelines recommendation of 265 x maximum chord as discussed in Section 2. Based on a shadow distance of 1km no non-associated receptors will have any theoretical maximum shadow flicker. Detailed results for the final design layout for all receptors within 1km is shown in Table 8 in the Appendix. The results using this methodology while less conservative than using a 2km shadow flicker distance are considered to be reasonable approximations. As stated by the Gullen Range Wind Farm Merit Appeal the results can be considered: the theoretical shadow flicker hours presented are subject to a low degree of uncertainty. Although the corrections applied to deduce the actual shadow figures are acknowledged to be subject to more uncertainty they are reasonable approximations. It should also be noted 5 Gullen Range Wind Farm Expert Witness Statement of Graham Walter Slack Page 11 of 22

that there are additional elements of conservatism which have not been considered, due to hours when the s are not turning and also due to the influence of local screening 6 The shadow flicker on Range Road has also been calculated at the request of Goldwind. Range Road spans across the site perimeter from East to West at the southern section of Bannister as shown in Figure 1. There is significant variation in shadow flicker across Range Road. The maximum theoretical shadow flicker ranges from 0 to 85 hours per year, the maximum shadow flicker is shown in the inset in Figure 1 7. A reduction factor due to orientation based on probability of occurrence and cloud cover results in the shadow flicker at Range road at the worst case location being: Theoretical maximum shadow flicker (hrs/yr) = 85 Reduced due to orientation shadow flicker (hrs/yr) = 62 Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover (hrs/yr) = 39 Again these results can be considered conservative and do not take into account other factors as detailed above. 6 Gullen Range Wind Farm Merit Appeal Ruling 6 th May 2010 Paragraph 178 7 Location of highest shadow flicker on Range Rd Easting 724,765, Northing 6172762 (MGA94 Zone 55) Page 12 of 22

5. FIGURES Page 13 of 22

Figure 1: Theoretical maximum shadow flicker Final design Bannister area Figure 2: Theoretical maximum shadow flicker Final design Gurrundah area Page 14 of 22

Figure 3: Theoretical maximum shadow flicker DA locations Bannister area Page 15 of 22

Figure 4: Theoretical maximum shadow flicker DA locations Gurrundah area Page 16 of 22

6. APPENDIX Table 3: Wind frequency data Centre of each 30 wind rose sector Gurrundah Bannister 0 1.6% 3.5% 30 3.2% 4.1% 60 7.2% 6.9% 90 17.2% 15.6% 120 12.7% 10.2% 150 3.2% 3.5% 180 2.0% 1.4% 210 2.8% 1.5% 240 6.3% 3.1% 270 18.6% 18.0% 300 19.9% 21.7% 330 5.4% 10.5% Table 4: Cloud cover data Month Clear days Cloudy days Days in month % cloudy days 1 8.4 9.7 31 31% 2 5.9 11.4 28 41% 3 7 11.2 31 36% 4 7.6 10.4 30 35% 5 7.1 12.3 31 40% 6 5.7 13.2 30 44% 7 7.1 11.9 31 38% 8 8.9 10.4 31 34% 9 8.1 9.2 30 31% 10 7.6 10.5 31 34% 11 6.7 11.4 30 38% 12 8.3 10.6 31 34% source: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_070263.shtml Table 5: Software model settings Maximum shadow length Model settings 2000m Year of calculation 2025 Minimum elevation of sun 3 Time step 10 min Page 17 of 22

Model settings Turbine orientation Rotor plane facing azimuth +180 Sun modelled as Receptor height Terrain and Visibility Correct shadow flicker for true north Consider distance between rotor and tower Table 6: Turbine layout specifications Turbine_ID Model Easting Northing Point 2m Use terrain to calculated Turbine and Sun visibility Yes Yes Rotor Diameter (m) Hub Height (m) BAN_01 GW100-2500 (80) 722867 6177000 100 80 BAN_02 GW100-2500 (80) 722816 6176718 100 80 BAN_03 GW100-2500 (80) 722567 6176552 100 80 BAN_04 GW100-2500 (80) 722477 6176299 100 80 BAN_05 GW100-2500 (80) 723284 6176726 100 80 BAN_06 GW100-2500 (80) 723235 6176463 100 80 BAN_07 GW100-2500 (80) 723092 6176141 100 80 BAN_08 GW100-2500 (80) 723327 6175886 100 80 BAN_09 GW100-2500 (80) 722740 6174867 100 80 BAN_10 GW100-2500 (80) 722846 6174519 100 80 BAN_11 GW100-2500 (80) 723242 6174950 100 80 BAN_12 GW100-2500 (80) 723177 6174649 100 80 BAN_13 GW100-2500 (80) 723736 6174579 100 80 BAN_14 GW100-2500 (80) 723832 6174779 100 80 BAN_15 GW100-2500 (80) 724314 6174314 100 80 BAN_16 GW100-2500 (80) 724441 6173780 100 80 BAN_17 GW100-2500 (80) 724453 6173505 100 80 BAN_18 GW100-2500 (80) 723870 6173444 100 80 BAN_19 GW82-1500 (85) 724307 6173286 82 85 BAN_20 GW82-1500 (85) 724521 6172964 82 85 BAN_21 GW82-1500 (85) 724485 6172357 82 85 BAN_22 GW82-1500 (85) 724466 6172100 82 85 BAN_23 GW82-1500 (85) 724269 6171949 82 85 BAN_24 GW82-1500 (85) 724049 6171628 82 85 BAN_25 GW100-2500 (80) 724647 6171804 100 80 BAN_26 GW100-2500 (80) 724630 6171532 100 80 BAN_27 GW100-2500 (80) 724502 6171321 100 80 BAN_28 GW100-2500 (80) 724213 6171232 100 80 BAN_29 GW82-1500 (85) 723793 6171252 82 85 BAN_30 GW82-1500 (85) 724099 6171000 82 85 GUR_01 GW100-2500 (80) 727827 6161200 100 80 Page 18 of 22

Turbine_ID Model Easting Northing Rotor Diameter (m) Hub Height (m) GUR_02 GW100-2500 (80) 727730 6160921 100 80 GUR_03 GW82-1500 (85) 727826 6160598 82 85 GUR_04 GW82-1500 (85) 727464 6160571 82 85 GUR_05 GW82-1500 (85) 727307 6160350 82 85 GUR_06 GW100-2500 (80) 727298 6160051 100 80 GUR_07 GW82-1500 (85) 727912 6160363 82 85 GUR_08 GW100-2500 (80) 727832 6159846 100 80 GUR_09 GW100-2500 (80) 727269 6159369 100 80 GUR_10 GW100-2500 (80) 727389 6158918 100 80 GUR_11 GW100-2500 (80) 727520 6158639 100 80 GUR_12 GW100-2500 (80) 727479 6158308 100 80 GUR_13 GW100-2500 (80) 727642 6158039 100 80 GUR_14 GW100-2500 (80) 727753 6157727 100 80 GUR_15 GW100-2500 (80) 727834 6157450 100 80 GUR_16 GW100-2500 (80) 728211 6159145 100 80 GUR_17 GW100-2500 (80) 727997 6158925 100 80 GUR_18 GW100-2500 (80) 728036 6158675 100 80 KIA_01 GW100-2500 (80) 722206 6178258 100 80 KIA_02 GW100-2500 (80) 722106 6178003 100 80 POM_01 GW100-2500 (80) 725833 6166934 100 80 POM_02 GW100-2500 (80) 726044 6166594 100 80 POM_03 GW100-2500 (80) 726063 6166277 100 80 POM_04 GW100-2500 (80) 726461 6166355 100 80 POM_05 GW100-2500 (80) 726800 6166565 100 80 POM_06 GW100-2500 (80) 727033 6165858 100 80 POM_07 GW100-2500 (80) 727112 6165618 100 80 POM_08 GW82-1500 (85) 725438 6165310 82 85 POM_09 GW82-1500 (85) 724870 6165173 82 85 POM_10 GW82-1500 (85) 725390 6165082 82 85 POM_11 GW82-1500 (85) 725525 6164826 82 85 POM_12 GW100-2500 (80) 724220 6164723 100 80 POM_13 GW100-2500 (80) 724725 6164560 100 80 POM_14 GW82-1500 (85) 725064 6164835 82 85 POM_15 GW100-2500 (80) 725079 6164566 100 80 POM_16 GW100-2500 (80) 725216 6164233 100 80 POM_17 GW100-2500 (80) 725509 6163949 100 80 POM_18 GW100-2500 (80) 725752 6163649 100 80 POM_19 GW100-2500 (80) 724788 6163595 100 80 POM_20 GW100-2500 (80) 725434 6163257 100 80 POM_21 GW100-2500 (80) 725752 6162969 100 80 POM_22 GW100-2500 (80) 726057 6162593 100 80 POM_23 GW100-2500 (80) 726339 6162361 100 80 Page 19 of 22

Table 7: DA approved locations for layout 6a s Turbine_ID Easting Northing BAN_01 722828 6177027 BAN_02 722820 6176730 BAN_03 722553 6176586 BAN_04 722467 6176307 BAN_05 723290 6176737 BAN_06 723239 6176461 BAN_07 723110 6176113 BAN_08 723413 6176052 BAN_09 722907 6174865 BAN_10 722875 6174594 BAN_11 723235 6174902 BAN_12 723235 6174620 BAN_13 723587 6174658 BAN_14 723845 6174863 BAN_15 724296 6174137 BAN_16 724441 6173794 BAN_17 724465 6173498 BAN_18 723902 6173444 BAN_19 724305 6173287 BAN_20 724521 6172964 BAN_21 724449 6172463 BAN_22 724466 6172122 BAN_23 724277 6171935 BAN_24 724061 6171751 BAN_25 724684 6171769 BAN_26 724654 6171492 BAN_27 724482 6171316 BAN_28 724220 6171225 BAN_29 723800 6171251 BAN_30 724100 6171000 GUR_01 727825 6161201 GUR_02 727726 6160913 GUR_03 727827 6160588 GUR_04 727474 6160562 GUR_05 727310 6160349 GUR_06 727289 6160045 GUR_07 727882 6160266 GUR_08 727832 6159846 GUR_09 727261 6159405 GUR_10 727355 6158968 Page 20 of 22

Receptor Association Turbine_ID Easting Northing GUR_11 727524 6158634 GUR_12 727470 6158367 GUR_13 727660 6158045 GUR_14 727753 6157727 GUR_15 727849 6157409 GUR_16 728223 6159146 GUR_17 728014 6158949 GUR_18 727981 6158669 KIA_01 722125 6177964 KIA_02 722171 6178251 POM_01 725740 6166866 POM_02 726089 6166596 POM_03 726165 6166270 POM_04 726553 6166383 POM_05 726808 6166564 POM_06 727076 6165895 POM_07 727130 6165603 POM_08 725438 6165310 POM_09 724885 6165197 POM_10 725298 6165092 POM_11 725572 6164782 POM_12 724218 6164713 POM_13 724725 6164554 POM_14 725093 6164857 POM_15 725085 6164572 POM_16 725218 6164251 POM_17 725515 6163953 POM_18 725753 6163638 POM_19 724768 6163542 POM_20 725441 6163254 POM_21 725746 6162965 POM_22 726003 6162654 POM_23 726319 6162358 Table 8: Shadow flicker results using 1km shadow distance for final design layout Easting (m) Northing (m) Distance to closest (km) Closest Theoretical maximum shadow flicker (hrs/yr) Reduced due to orientation (hrs/yr) B1 Yes 724,008 6,172,742 0.56 BAN_20 22 16 10 B2 Yes 725,485 6,171,650 0.85 BAN_25 25 20 13 B6 Yes 725,214 6,172,835 0.70 BAN_20 11 9 6 B9 Yes 723,633 6,170,313 0.83 BAN_30 0 0 0 Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover (hrs/yr) Page 21 of 22

Receptor Association Easting (m) Northing (m) Distance to closest (km) Closest Theoretical maximum shadow flicker (hrs/yr) Reduced due to orientation (hrs/yr) B12a Yes 724,847 6,174,932 0.82 BAN_15 0 0 0 B27 Yes 722,879 6,175,614 0.52 BAN_08 62 39 25 B33 Yes 724,946 6,172,602 0.52 BAN_21 45 33 21 B53 Yes 722,272 6,174,050 0.74 BAN_10 0 0 0 PW5 Yes 725,649 6,167,872 0.96 POM_01 0 0 0 PW7 Yes 725,225 6,166,206 0.84 POM_03 28 21 13 PW34 No 726,546 6,167,423 0.86 POM_01 0 0 0 G37 Yes 728,219 6,161,915 0.82 GUR_01 0 0 0 PW36 Yes 725,240 6,167,640 0.92 POM_01 0 0 0 Reduced due to orientation and cloud cover (hrs/yr) Page 22 of 22